Earthquakes
1222December 25, 1222 Earthquake in Brescia, Italy
An earthquake struck Brescia, Italy. It killed 12,000 people and did extreme (about $25 million or more) damage.
- When
- December 25, 1222
- Deaths
- 12,000
- Where
- Brescia, Italy
Every tornado, hurricane, flood, blizzard, heat wave, record, earthquake, eruption, tsunami, wildfire and geomagnetic storm on record for December 25, in any year, each linked to its full record.
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By deaths, damage and strength together, across every archive.
Earthquakes
An earthquake struck Brescia, Italy. It killed 12,000 people and did extreme (about $25 million or more) damage.
Earthquakes
An earthquake struck Sansepolcro, Italy. It killed 2,000 people and did severe (about $5 to $25 million) damage.
Earthquakes
A magnitude 6.7 earthquake struck Arenas del Rey, Vega, Alhama, Malaga, Spain. It killed 745 people, injured 1,475, destroyed 4,399 houses and did extreme (about $25 million or more) damage.
Earthquakes
A magnitude 7.6 earthquake struck Gansu Province, China. It killed 275 people, injured 320, destroyed 1,167 houses and did severe (about $5 to $25 million) damage.
Winter storms and snow
The Post Christmas Storm of 1969 was ranked category 4, Crippling, on NOAA’s Regional Snowfall Index, strongest in the Northeast. It lasted from December 25, 1969 to December 29, 1969.
Severe storms
The late December 1999 European storms were two intense and rapidly developing mid-latitude low-pressure systems, named Lothar and Martin, which affected Western Europe between 26 and 28 December 1999. 2 billion in material losses.
From Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Floods
Steady light to moderate rain began falling over the burned areas of the San Bernardino Mountains on 0600 PST 12/24/03. Approximately 24 hours later, mud, rock, and debris flows were being reported along highways and roads leading into the mountain resort communities.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
Hurricane Nock-Ten reached its peak of 140 kt (160 mph) with a central pressure of 918 mb, a category 5 storm.
Volcanoes
Merapi, Indonesia erupted with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 2. It killed 32 people.
Tornadoes
An F3 tornado touched down in Crawford, Jones, Baldwin counties, Georgia and tracked 0.1 miles, 600 yards wide at its widest, killing 2 and injuring 16.
Winter storms and snow
The Blizzard of 1947 \The Big Snow\ was ranked category 3, Major, on NOAA’s Regional Snowfall Index, strongest in the Northeast. It lasted from December 25, 1947 to December 27, 1947.
Earthquakes
A magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck Eastern, Flores Island, Indonesia. It killed 13 people, injured 390, destroyed 1,875 houses and did $1.5 million in damage. It caused a tsunami.
35 on December 25, oldest first.
An F3 tornado touched down in Crawford, Jones, Baldwin counties, Georgia and tracked 0.1 miles, 600 yards wide at its widest, killing 2 and injuring 16.
An F3 tornado touched down in Okaloosa County, Florida and tracked 12.8 miles, 67 yards wide at its widest, injuring 4.
An F3 tornado touched down in Vermilion Parish, Louisiana and tracked 1.5 miles, 100 yards wide at its widest, killing 1 and injuring 8.
An F3 tornado touched down in Iberville Parish, Louisiana and tracked 13.5 miles, 50 yards wide at its widest, injuring 1.
On December 24th an area of surface low pressure developed in the Gulf of Mexico as a result of a strong upper level trough and an associated powerful branch of the subtropical jet.
A line of thunderstorms ahead of a cold front moved across the eastern Gulf of Mexico and through much of Florida. Doppler radar showed bow echoes with several of the storms.
Isolated supercells formed ahead of a squall line that moved across southern Georgia during the predawn hours of Christmas Day.
A vigorous short wave trough and squall line moved across north Florida on Christmas Day resulting in severe weather across the northern and central portions of the state and a tornado near Lake City, Columbia County, Florida.
An EF3 tornado touched down in Pearl River County, Mississippi and tracked 24.05 miles, 175 yards wide at its widest, injuring 8.
An EF3 tornado touched down in Houston County, Texas and tracked 9.72 miles, 300 yards wide at its widest.
A powerful storm system moved out of the plains on|Christmas, producing numerous strong storms across southeast|Mississippi, southwest Alabama, and the western Florida panhandle|out ahead of a strong cold front and accompanying squall line.
On Christmas Day strong to severe thunderstorms developed along a warm front that was lifting north through the area. One of those storms produced an EF-3 tornado near Pennington, TX.
33 tornadoes were recorded on December 25, 2012, in Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama.
A strong low pressure system moving across the middle Mississippi River Valley drove a strong cold front through the area. A squall line developed ahead of the cold front with isolated supercells ahead of the squall line. Multiple reports of severe weather were received.
A regional severe weather outbreak unfolded during Christmas Day 2012 as a result of an anomalously strong and southward positioned trough axis over the southern plains and lower Mississippi River valley.
A warm front lifted out of the Gulf of Mexico early Christmas morning with mostly small hail in storms along the boundary, however one storm did become severe.
A regional severe weather outbreak unfolded during Christmas Day 2012 as a result of an anomalously strong and southward positioned trough axis over the southern plains and lower Mississippi River valley.
Late Christmas Eve, a well amplified upper level trough dug into the southern Plains. In response, a surface low developed Christmas morning over southern Texas. As the upper low deepened and tilted negatively, the surface low strengthened as it moved eastward.
A strong low pressure system moving across the middle Mississippi River Valley drove a strong cold front through the area. A squall line developed ahead of the cold front with isolated supercells ahead of the squall line. Multiple reports of severe weather were received.
A powerful storm system moved out of the plains on|Christmas, producing numerous strong storms across southeast|Mississippi, southwest Alabama, and the western Florida panhandle|out ahead of a strong cold front and accompanying squall line.
A slow moving storm system approached Arkansas on Christmas Day, bringing several rounds of rainfall and some severe weather to the state from the 25th to the 28th. Northwest sections of the area saw several inches of rainfall, which resulted in many reports of flash flooding.
Barely over one day after a major tornado outbreak affected Tennessee and surrounding states, another round of severe storms with one tornado, wind damage, large hail, and flooding impacted Middle Tennessee on Christmas Day.
The weather on Christmas 2016 was so significant and unusual that it's probably a safe bet to categorize it as once in a lifetime Christmas weather for this 24-county South Central Nebraska area.
It seemed more like spring than Christmas Day as a vigorous, negatively-tilted upper level wave underwent intense cyclogenesis as it surged northeast from New Mexico to the Nebraska/South Dakota border.
A very anomalous weather set-up was in place on Christmas Day across the area. Early morning dew points had risen to around 60 degrees F which is extremely usual and perhaps unprecedented for southwest Kansas for December 25.
3 on December 25, oldest first.
Hurricane Jack reached its peak of 125 kt (145 mph) with a central pressure of 935 mb, a category 4 storm.
Hurricane Nock-Ten reached its peak of 140 kt (160 mph) with a central pressure of 918 mb, a category 5 storm.
Tropical Depression Usman was a weak but deadly tropical cyclone that impacted the southern Philippines in late December 2018. Tropical Depression Usman originated first as a low-pressure area to the east of Palau on December 23.
From Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
11 on December 25, oldest first.
Steady light to moderate rain began falling over the burned areas of the San Bernardino Mountains on 0600 PST 12/24/03. Approximately 24 hours later, mud, rock, and debris flows were being reported along highways and roads leading into the mountain resort communities.
Heavy rain from a gulf low produced 2 to 5 inches across the Midlands and Pee Dee region causing considerable areal flooding and some flash flooding.
Another unseasonably warm and moist air mass was prompted by deep upper level troughing over the Central Plains states, and a slow moving cold front over middle and western Tennessee. Heavy rain falling upon nearly saturated soils resulted in widespread flooding.
Numerous systems affecting the Tennessee valley earlier in the month set the stage widespread flash flooding and areal flooding across much of the region during the final week of 2015.
Widespread showers and thunderstorms occurred along a stationary boundary across North Mississippi on Christmas Day. Showers and thunderstorms trained over the same areas for several hours with Monroe County taking the brunt of the rainfall.
A mesoscale convection system rode east and northeast out of Kentucky during Christmas morning. Support for the rain was aided by a stalled out front in southern West Virginia, just south of Charleston, on into southeast Kentucky. Abundant moisture was available.
Heavy rain and flooding affected portions of eastern Kentucky on Christmas day 2015. Several locations received between 1.5 and 2.75 inches of rain during this event.
A mesoscale convection system rode east and northeast into eastern Kentucky during Christmas morning. Support for the rain was aided by a stalled out front in southern West Virginia, just south of Charleston, on into southeast Kentucky.
An anomalously deep, full-latitude mid-level trough over the Mississippi Valley caused a strong frontal system to move up the Appalachians.
A wet and windy storm moved across Canada and NY on Christmas Eve and Christmas. Temperatures were in the 50s, melting any existing snowpack and rainfall was 1 to 2 inches across much of the region with localized 3 inches in portions of Essex county.
A large and intense storm system tracked through the region from December 23-25, 2022. Heavy rain and snowmelt led to rises on the Raquette River in St. Lawrence County.
26 on December 25, oldest first.
The Christmas Hurricane of 1902 was a strong European windstorm which struck Denmark and Sweden on 25 December 1902.
From Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Strong winds accompanied by a winter storm caused damage to a school roof, a shed and several house roofs near Worley and Plummer in Benewah County.
The late December 1999 European storms were two intense and rapidly developing mid-latitude low-pressure systems, named Lothar and Martin, which affected Western Europe between 26 and 28 December 1999. 2 billion in material losses.
From Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
A strong cold front associated with an intense low pressure center over Hudson Bay swept across Upper Michigan Christmas Night with 35 to 45 mph winds and gusts over 60 mph.
Wind gusts greater than 58 mph continued for 25 consecutive hours in the Santa Ana Mountains. In Orange County, power poles, power lines, and many trees were knocked down in the cities of Orange, Tustin, Irvine, Santa Ana, Westminister, Garden Grove, and La Palma.
High winds during the afternoon downed numerous trees and power lines across the region. A man in Meat Camp was killed when a tree fell onto a tractor he was riding. The tracter was also damaged.
High winds during the afternoon of the 25th downed numerous trees and power lines across the area. A tree was downed onto a house in Roanoke, causing damage to the roof and crushing the front porch.
High winds downed trees and knocked out power to about 7000 homes.
Many trees were blown down, falling on power lines, cars, houses, and roads between Crestline and Forest Falls.
Strong winds knocked out power to about 20,000 people across western Washington. Most of the power outages were in Kitsap county, although they ranged from Olympia to Bellingham. On Camano Island, a man was injured when a tree fell on his moblie home.
A very strong and deep negatively titled upper trough moved from the southern plains into the southeast Christmas Eve and early Christmas morning.
Strong offshore flow on Christmas Day caused sporadic power outages, uprooted trees, and overturned semi-tractor trailer rigs. The strongest winds were confined to areas below the Cajon Pass in the Inland Empire and in the Santa Ana Mountains and Foothills.
A strong cold front moved across the Northeast during the early morning hours of December 25. Gusty northwest winds of 40 to 50 mph behind the front toppled a 40 foot tree onto a car traveling on the Garden State Parkway in Bloomfield, New Jersey, at approximately 0110EST.
A strong fast moving low pressure system brought strong southerly winds and mountain snow to the San Francisco Bay area. This holiday wind event toppled trees and left many with out power in San Mateo and Santa Clara counties.
A weakening upper-level low, along with a strong Polar Jet over California, brought periods of light to moderate rain, mountain snow, and strong winds over the Christmas holiday.
Strong winds in Estes Park caused a roof under construction at the YMCA of the Rockies to collapse. The wind caught the end section of the roof truss, and in a domino effect, blew it into the second and thirds trusses, on down the line of the roof.
A strong south and southeast flow existed across the mountainous counties during the morning and early afternoon hours on Christmas. Peak gusts were near 60 mph, but most gusts were in the 45 to 55 mph range.
A strong cold front brought high wind to the central coast and several northern zones. A 9 year old girl was killed when part of a tree fell on the vehicle she was in.
A strong cold front moved through Southeast Texas during Christmas Day with strong winds and small hail in storms along the boundary, strong gradient winds behind the boundary, and low tides caused by persistent strong north winds behind the front.
A storm system that moved through just before Christmas brought gusty winds across the mountains and desert areas of Kern county as well as the west side of the San Joaquin Valley early in the morning on December 25.
A prolonged period of high winds developed across much of southeast Wyoming. Wind gusts of 65 to 85 mph were common. The high winds produced areas of blowing and drifting snow, with poor visibilities and slick snow-covered roads.
A line of northward moving thunderstorms moved east across Northwest Kansas. The line of storms produced wind gusts strong enough to tear down a porch and blow out car windows in Grinnell. Estimated wind gusts based on the damage were 90 MPH.
Fast-moving low pressure moved up the coast from the Carolinas and passed near Nantucket before moving into the Gulf of Maine. This brought a several inches of snow to much of Southern New England, along with some rain to southeast areas.
Strong winds developed behind deepening low pressure and a cold front.
Strong winds developed behind deepening low pressure and a cold front.
A wet and windy storm moved across Canada and along the eastern seaboard across Vermont during Christmas Eve and Christmas. One to two inches of rainfall and similar amounts of water equivalent of snow melt occurred across southern VT.
44 on December 25, oldest first.
The Blizzard of 1947 \The Big Snow\ was ranked category 3, Major, on NOAA’s Regional Snowfall Index, strongest in the Northeast. It lasted from December 25, 1947 to December 27, 1947.
The Post Christmas Storm of 1969 was ranked category 4, Crippling, on NOAA’s Regional Snowfall Index, strongest in the Northeast. It lasted from December 25, 1969 to December 29, 1969.
One of the costliest winter storms on record occurred on Christmas Day in 1987. For the next two days, ice accumulations of up to two inches, from near Duncan, to Norman, to Tulsa, left many areas without power for a week or more.
From the National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma.
Two hikers were killed by an avalanche in Alpental Valley northwest of Snoqualmie Pass. It was unsure when and how the avalanche started.
Icy roads and strong winds caused several accidents in which vehicles slipped on patches of ice and went into the ditch and rolled.
Light rain froze on roads in the western part of the county, causing three car accidents. One accident occurred on US15 , 9 miles west of Bennettsville, and the other two happened on SC9 in Wallace.
Blizzard conditions were reported across much of the southwest Alaskan coast, Bristol Bay, the eastern Aleutians and Pribilofs Sunday. Wind gusts reached close to 50 mph in places, with local wind chills to 70 below calculated in the southwest interior.
A strong storm system in the upper atmosphere moved from the four corners region into southwestern New Mexico and then moved slowly into west Texas producing heavy snowfall across all of the Texas panhandle.
Occured near Dead Horse Pass. Time is estimated.
A strong upper level disturbance translated into the southern Rockies on the 25th and across West Texas on the 26th. A shallow cold air mass was in place over the Southern Plains well ahead of this system.
Freezing rain downed trees and power lines and caused power outages generally along and north of interstate 20 on the 25th and 26th. Thousands of people were without power along the Red River.
After a major Winter Storm on the 12th and 13th, a long term Ice Storm developed during the morning of December 25, 2000 and continued through the early morning hours of December 27, 2000.
Low pressure developed along the western Gulf Coast during Tuesday morning, December 24th, and moved northeast into the Ohio Valley from late Tuesday into Tuesday night.
A major winter storm impacted southern New England on Christmas Day, bringing heavy, wet snow and high winds to the Bay State.
Low pressure moved northeast along the Appalachians and brought a general heavy snow to much of the region on Christmas eve and Christmas day. A eight to twelve inch blanket of snow covered the area with higher amounts generally over the Finger Lakes Region.
A storm system along the coast of Virginia early on Wednesday, December 25th, moved northeast just south of New England. Snow spread across southern and eastern Vermont during Christmas Day and became heavy at times during the afternoon and night.
A mammoth 3-day winter storm blasted portions of Utah, just in time for Christmas travelers. The worst hit area was from the Tooele Valley east through Salt Lake and Davis Counties, and east into the Wasatch Mountains.
A steady snow accumulated 2 to 6 inches over southwest Minnesota during the daytime and early evening hours of Christmas Day.
An avalanche in a popular snowmobiling area killed one man.
The third upper level trough of the Christmas week brought high winds and moderate snows to northern and central New Mexico. Snow amounts ranged from just a few inches at low elevations to one to two feet in the ski areas.
Another weather system brought more snow to parts of the western Washington interior.
An upper level disturbance on the west coast moved southward over the southern Rockies and then out onto the southern plains from approximately December 21st through the 26th. This system affected the Cheyenne CWA in two waves.
A complex and slow-moving system brought an extended period of snow to central Illinois from December 25th through December 27th. The first wave of significant snow occurred during the night of December 25th through midday on the 26th.
A powerful winter storm moved across the Northern and Central Plains, bringing heavy snow and very strong winds.
A large and powerful low pressure system over the upper midwest moved slowly northeastward as it weakened on Saturday, December 26th. In the meantime, a secondary low had formed over the mid atlantic region and moved gradually northeast.
A powerful winter storm moved across the region, bringing heavy snow to the area. Snowfall amounts across the northern Black Hills were generally in the two to four foot range. Lighter snow fell across the central and southern Black Hills, with amounts to eight inches.
A powerful winter storm struck North Carolina bringing a prolonged period of heave snow lasting from late Christmas morning through much of December 26th.
There was a break in the weather on December 23rd and 24th, as a weak upper-level ridge moved into California. Light winds and a stable airmass aloft allowed areas of dense fog to develop over parts of the central and southern San Joaquin Valley.
A deep closed upper low was rotating through the eastern and southeastern U.S. from the 25th through the 26th. Ample Gulf moisture was present across the region in advance of the upper trough to support widespread light to moderate rain.
Low pressure moving north just off the Mid Atlantic Coast produced between five and sixteen inches of snow across central and eastern Virginia from Saturday afternoon, December 25th, into Sunday evening December 26th.
An area of low pressure tracked through region producing snow over a 3 day period. Generally 1 to 4 inches of snow was reported in the lower elevations, while up to 7.5 inches of snow fell across the higher elevations.
An upper level trough and cold front moved across the Texas Panhandle during the morning hours. Plenty of moisture combined with the cold air in place resulted in about one to three inches of snow across the southern and eastern Texas Panhandle.
Early on Christmas Day, a stationary front was located to the south of Arkansas. During the day, a low pressure center formed along the front, eventually tracking across southeast Arkansas on the evening of the 25th and on toward Middle Tennessee by midnight on the 26th.
A powerful upper level low pressure system tracked across the Mid-South into the Ohio Valley the night of December 25th, 2012 into the morning of December 26th, 2012. The system brought snow and gusty winds to much of West Tennessee.
A strong upper level system and cold front first brought hail-producing thunderstorms to the region, then a winter weather event that included snow and sleet. The storms produced lots of pea sized hail and occasionally slightly larger hail.
A powerful upper level low pressure system tracked across the Mid-South into the Ohio Valley the night of December 25th, 2012 into the morning of December 26th, 2012. The system brought heavy snow and gusty winds to much of Eastern Arkansas.
An intense surface low pressure area moved from northeast Colorado to South Dakota from the 24th through the 26th. This storm was unusually warm for the region for late December and produced record breaking heavy rain along with flooding in some cases.
An intense storm system moved across the Northern Plains, producing snow and strong winds across much of western South Dakota. Areas of freezing rain, freezing drizzle, sleet, and snow developed over the area in the morning, before changing to snow.
One person was killed and another injured in a two vehicle crash that occurred on State Highway 71 southeast of Kendall (Monroe County).
A potent upper level wave moved from the eastern shores of Russia, across the Pacific, and into the western United States where it strengthened into a potent storm which lifted into the Northern Plains.
A clipper storm system moved from the northern Great Lakes on December 24th to New England on Christmas Day with a secondary development off the New England coast. A widespread 4 to 8 inches of snow fell across Vermont.
A strong and very cold low pressure system dropped southward along the California coast on Christmas Day bringing some light precipitation inland into central California.
Low pressure across the Great Lakes on Christmas Eve (December 24th) slowly traveled and transferred energy to a new coastal low near Cape Cod during the night of December 25th.
Strong low pressure meandered near the Minnesota-Iowa border while a deep upper low was slightly offset to the southwest. This resulted in a large area of precipitation developing to the north and west of the surface low.
8 on December 25, oldest first.
On this date in 1922, the temperature in Oklahoma City warmed to 73 degrees, resulting in the warmest Christmas on record. The warmest Christmas on record in Wichita Falls occurred in 1971, with the mercury reaching 75 degrees. Back in 1983, the temperature fell to minus 1 degree in Oklahoma City, and 5 degrees in Wichita Falls, making it the coldest Christmas on record for both cities.
From the National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma.
Cold weather was partly to blame for two fatalities (direct). An elderly man wandered away from home during the night and was found in a creek the next morning. An elderly woman turned the heat down to 50 degrees and died from hypothermia.
The blizzard of the 16th-18th left in its wake very cold air. Williston set a new state record low of 32 below the morning of the 25th, and Bismarck set a new record low high temperature for the date, with the mercury struggling to 10 below for a high.
One man was found dead in a wooded area. The cause of death was hypthermia.
A Chicago man died from the cold weather on December 25th. Low temperatures were in the lower 30s.
Bitterly cold air and wind chill temperatures prevailed over southern WI from Christmas Day through January 6th. Wind chill temperatures of 20 below to 34 below zero occurred at times with low temperatures below zero for most nights.
Cold overnight temperatures into Christmas morning in the low to mid 40s across Santa Clara County caused two cold exposure deaths around San Jose.
A 30 year old man was found dead in a field near Parker Idaho. The cause was believed to be extended exposure to cold air. At the time of death wind chill temperatures were in the teens.
4 on December 25, oldest first.
The Kyle Fire was discovered on December 25, 1999, in South Dakota, and burned 1,100 acres; the cause was recorded as debris and open burning.
Four wildfires occurred across Creek County during the last week of December. Two homes were damaged and two sheds were destroyed.
A wildfire occurred near County Road 357 and the Hideaway Hills subdivision near Lake Corpus Christi. The wildfire burned 200 acres, destroying 2 homes and 1 vehicle. The wildfire forced the evacuation of 90 residents.
The Solimar Fire was reported on December 25, 2015, in Ventura County, California, and burned 1,288 acres.
24 on December 25, oldest first.
An earthquake struck Ancona, Italy. It did severe (about $5 to $25 million) damage.
An earthquake struck Brescia, Italy. It killed 12,000 people and did extreme (about $25 million or more) damage.
An earthquake struck Sansepolcro, Italy. It killed 2,000 people and did severe (about $5 to $25 million) damage.
An earthquake struck Cubagua Island, Venezuela. It caused a tsunami.
A magnitude 6.7 earthquake struck Arenas del Rey, Vega, Alhama, Malaga, Spain. It killed 745 people, injured 1,475, destroyed 4,399 houses and did extreme (about $25 million or more) damage.
A magnitude 6.5 earthquake struck Xinjiang, China. It killed many people (about 101 to 1,000).
An earthquake struck Tehran, Iran.
A magnitude 6.4 earthquake struck California, United States. It killed 6 people and injured 8. It caused a tsunami.
A magnitude 7.9 earthquake struck Kuril Islands, Russia.
A magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck SE. New Zealand. It caused a tsunami.
A magnitude 7.6 earthquake struck Gansu Province, China. It killed 275 people, injured 320, destroyed 1,167 houses and did severe (about $5 to $25 million) damage.
A magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck Grand Bourg, Guadeloupe. It caused a tsunami.
A magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck Eastern, Flores Island, Indonesia. It killed 13 people, injured 390, destroyed 1,875 houses and did $1.5 million in damage. It caused a tsunami.
A magnitude 4.3 earthquake struck Sicily, Italy. It killed 1 person and injured 14.
A magnitude 5.7 earthquake struck Wuqia, Xinjiang, China.
A magnitude 5.5 earthquake struck Jalalabad, Afghanistan.
A magnitude 6.5 earthquake struck Puerto Armuelles, Panama-Costa Rica. It killed 2 people and injured 75.
A magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck Kochkor, Kyrgyzstan. It destroyed 2,410 houses.
A magnitude 4.8 earthquake struck Simao, Yunnan Province, China. It injured 19 and destroyed 30 houses.
A magnitude 4.7 earthquake struck Myanmar. It injured 19, destroyed 30 houses and did severe (about $5 to $25 million) damage.
A magnitude 7.3 earthquake struck Vanuatu Islands. With the tsunami it caused, it injured 4.
A magnitude 4.5 earthquake struck Christchurch, New Zealand.
A magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck Afghanistan, Pakistan. It killed 4 people and injured 97.
A magnitude 7.6 earthquake struck Chile. It caused a tsunami.
4 on December 25, oldest first.
Merapi, Indonesia erupted with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 2. It killed 32 people.
Bulusan, Philippines erupted with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 2. It killed 9 people and did severe (about $5 to $25 million) damage. The eruption caused a tsunami.
Hood, United States erupted. It killed 1 person.
Lonquimay, Chile erupted with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 3. It killed 1 person.
8 on December 25, oldest first.
A tsunami struck N. Moluccas Islands, Indonesia.
A tsunami struck Tasmania, Australia, with a maximum water height of 1.2 meters.
A tsunami with a source recorded as meteorological struck S. California, United States.
A tsunami caused by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck SE. New Zealand, with a maximum water height of 0.4 meters.
A tsunami with a source recorded as volcano struck E. Samar Island, Philippines. It killed 9 people and did severe (about $5 to $25 million) damage.
A tsunami caused by a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck Grand Bourg, Guadeloupe, with a maximum water height of 0.23 meters.
A tsunami caused by a magnitude 7.3 earthquake struck Vanuatu Islands, with a maximum water height of 4.1 meters. It injured 4.
A tsunami caused by a magnitude 7.6 earthquake struck Southern Chile, with a maximum water height of 0.44 meters.
5 on December 25, oldest first.
A G1 (minor) geomagnetic storm began December 25, 1945, reached Kp 5 and lasted 3 hours, with a daily Ap as high as 21; at that Kp the aurora may be seen from about 60 degrees geomagnetic latitude.
A G2 (moderate) geomagnetic storm began December 25, 1948, reached Kp 6- and lasted 12 hours, with a daily Ap as high as 33; at that Kp the aurora may be seen from about 57 degrees geomagnetic latitude.
A G1 (minor) geomagnetic storm began December 25, 1952, reached Kp 5 and lasted 3 hours, with a daily Ap as high as 21; at that Kp the aurora may be seen from about 60 degrees geomagnetic latitude.
A G1 (minor) geomagnetic storm began December 25, 1968, reached Kp 5 and lasted 3 hours, with a daily Ap as high as 21; at that Kp the aurora may be seen from about 60 degrees geomagnetic latitude.
A G2 (moderate) geomagnetic storm began December 25, 1978, reached Kp 6- and lasted 3 hours, with a daily Ap as high as 21; at that Kp the aurora may be seen from about 57 degrees geomagnetic latitude.
7 on December 25, oldest first.
Freezing fog in north central Oregon and elsewhere in the Columbia Basin led to several accidents in Jefferson Co, Oregon. Poor visibilities and slick roads contributed to a dozen or more accidents on Highway-97 south of Madras. Another accident just west of Sisters, Or.
Strong rip currents led to the drowning of a 16 year old body boarder at Redondo County Beach.
High pressure across the eastern United States produced easterly winds and long period swells across the coastal waters of East Central Florida leading to the formation of moderate to strong rip currents.
A second Hazardous Surf and Strong Rip Current Event.
Abundant moisture and light winds led to the development of patchy dense fog near Cranston, north of Morehead, on Christmas evening.
A shear line, extending from a cold front north of the Marianas with strong to near-gale force winds to the north of the shear line, generating a north to northwest swell.
On Christmas Day, a high risk of rip currents was in effect for northern Puerto Rico until 6 PM AST (becoming moderate after) due to increased winds and breaking waves around 6 feet.
Gathered from this site’s archives: the tornado record (NOAA SPC, and Grazulis before 1950), IBTrACS and the National Hurricane Center, NOAA NCEI’s Storm Events Database, Regional Snowfall Index, billion-dollar disasters list, State Climate Extremes Committee and hazard databases, USGS, NIFC, GFZ Potsdam’s Kp index (CC BY 4.0), the National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma, and Wikidata (CC0), with article leads from Wikipedia under CC BY-SA 4.0, each credited where it appears. Rebuilt 2026-09-24.