Storm Surge/Tide
Water pushed ashore above the normal tide by a storm’s winds and low pressure. Every one the National Weather Service has filed, by year and by state, with the deadliest and costliest.
The deadliest and costliest on the map
The deadliest and costliest storm surge/tide episodes on record.
- Tornadoes
- Tropical storms and surge
- Floods
- Wind
- Hail
- Winter weather
- Heat and drought
- Cold
- Fire, smoke and dust
- Marine and coastal
- Other
The record
- Events
- 1,657
- Deaths
- 45
- Injuries
- 43
- Damage
- $61 billion
Deaths and injuries are direct and indirect together, as the offices filed them. Damage is property and crops in the dollars of the year, not adjusted for inflation, and only where an office estimated it.
Every year
Deaths each year
The deadliest
Deaths from this kind of event within each episode.
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Texas, September 12 to 14, 2008The eye of Hurricane Ike moved ashore in Galveston County near the city of Galveston.
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in Florida, September 27 to 30, 2022A tropical depression formed in the central Caribbean Sea on September 23rd, then was upgraded to Tropical Storm Ian at 11 PM on September 23rd. Ian moved westward, then turned northwest on September 25th, passing just west of Jamaica and near the Cayman Islands.
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Florida, October 10, 2018Hurricane Michael started as typical weak October Caribbean tropical system. However, after approximately a week of slow development, the system moved into warm Gulf of Mexico waters and rapidly intensified into a major hurricane as it moved north towards the Florida Panhandle.
- Hurricane and Storm Surge in Louisiana, August 28 to 31, 2012Isaac entered the Gulf of Mexico as a tropical storm on August 26, moving northwest after crossing Haiti, Cuba and the Florida Straits. Isaac strengthened into a hurricane on the morning of the 28th when it was 75 miles south-southeast of the mouth of the Mississippi River.
- Tornado and Tropical Storm in New Jersey, August 27 to 31, 2011Irene produced torrential downpour rains that resulted in major flooding and a number of record breaking crests on area rivers, tropical storm force wind gusts with record breaking outages for New Jersey utilities, one confirmed tornado and a three to five foot storm surge that…
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Florida, September 15 to 16, 2020Hurricane Sally made landfall in Gulf Shores, AL at 5am on Wednesday, September 16th as a strong Category 2 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph.
- Storm Surge in California, October 28 to 29, 199915 foot swell in association with a relatively high tide produced waves as high as 40 feet which broke trough the seawall in Capitola and flooded low lying streets and businesses. A number of boats were ripped from their moorings and washed ashore or sunk.
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in Louisiana, August 28 to 31, 2021The ninth named storm, fourth hurricane, and second major hurricane of the 2021 Atlantic hurricane season, Ida originated from a tropical wave in the Caribbean Sea on August 23rd.
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Texas, September 12 to 14, 2008Hurricane Ike caused wind damage and significant storm surge flooding across southeast Texas. Ike made landfall near Galveston, TX early in the morning on September 13th as a strong category 2 hurricane.
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Alabama, September 15 to 16, 2020Hurricane Sally made landfall in Gulf Shores, AL at 5am on Wednesday, September 16th as a strong Category 2 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph.
- Hurricane and Tornado in Mississippi, October 28, 2020A tropical depression formed in the northwestern Caribbean on the afternoon of October 24th. 9 hours later, it became the twenty-seventh named storm and eleventh hurricane of the exceptionally active 2020 Atlantic hurricane season.
- Tornado and Tropical Storm in Florida, November 11 to 12, 2020Hurricane Eta originated from a tropical depression that formed in the central Caribbean Sea on October 31st.
- Storm Surge in New York, August 28, 2011Irene made landfall locally as a tropical storm around 900 am August 28, 2011 over New York City. Irene then moved across Southeastern New York and Western Connecticut before dissipating over Northern New England near the Canadian Border the evening of August 28.
- Hurricane and Storm Surge in Florida, September 9 to 11, 2017Hurricane Irma made landfall over the Lower Florida Keys as a category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, with the eye crossing directly over Cudjoe Key.
- Storm Surge and Coastal Flood in California, November 15, 2020King Tides returned to the region in on the 15th and 16th of the month. High tide at San Francisco reached 6.9 feet above sea level Sunday morning. Minor roadway flooding was observed in Sausalito. These high tides also brought rough seas to the coast.
- Storm Surge and Sneakerwave in California, May 29, 2022A modest swell brought some larger waves to the coast. This was not a large event, nor unusual.
- Storm Surge in California, June 9, 2026Strong southerly swells generated from south of the equator migrated up into the southern California coastal waters to produce large surf at the beaches, resulting in some minor coastal flooding for low-lying areas.
The costliest
Damage from this kind of event within each episode, in the dollars of its year.
- Storm Surge in Louisiana, August 29, 2005
- Storm Surge in Mississippi, August 29, 2005
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Texas, September 12 to 14, 2008
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in Louisiana, August 28 to 31, 2021
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Florida, October 10, 2018
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Texas, September 12 to 14, 2008
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Florida, September 25 to 27, 2024
- Hurricane and Tornado in Texas, August 25 to 31, 2017
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Florida, November 8 to 10, 2022
- Hurricane and Storm Surge in Louisiana, August 28 to 31, 2012
- Storm Surge in Louisiana, September 23 to 24, 2005
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in Louisiana, September 12 to 15, 2008
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in North Carolina, August 26 to 28, 2011
- Tropical Storm and Storm Surge in Louisiana, September 11 to 14, 2008
- Tropical Storm and Storm Surge in Florida, September 1 to 6, 2016
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Louisiana, October 28, 2020
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in Florida, September 1 to 2, 2016
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in Texas, July 25 to 26, 2020
- Tropical Storm and Storm Surge in Maryland, September 18 to 19, 2003
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Florida, October 6 to 7, 2016
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in Louisiana, September 1 to 2, 2008
- Hurricane and Tropical Storm in Florida, August 30, 2023
- Tornadoes and Tropical Storm in Florida, June 24 to 30, 2012
- Hurricane and Tornadoes in Florida, September 8 to 30, 2017
- Hurricane and Tornado in Mississippi, October 28, 2020
By state
| State or waters | Events | Deaths | Injuries | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florida | 335 | 18 | 6 | $2.8 billion |
| Louisiana | 296 | 4 | 0 | $37 billion |
| New Jersey | 284 | 2 | 0 | $5.0 million |
| Texas | 134 | 13 | 0 | $9.9 billion |
| Mississippi | 63 | 1 | 0 | $11 billion |
| North Carolina | 61 | 0 | 0 | $253 million |
| Alaska | 52 | 0 | 2 | $25 million |
| Delaware | 44 | 0 | 0 | $1.0 million |
| Maine | 43 | 0 | 0 | $2.9 million |
| Massachusetts | 43 | 0 | 0 | $1.8 million |
| Pennsylvania | 39 | 0 | 1 | $120,000 |
| Alabama | 38 | 1 | 0 | $25 million |
| New York | 37 | 1 | 0 | $16,000 |
| South Carolina | 35 | 0 | 0 | |
| California | 33 | 5 | 33 | $4.8 million |
| Maryland | 27 | 0 | 0 | $54 million |
| Ohio | 24 | 0 | 0 | $5.8 million |
| Virginia | 18 | 0 | 0 | $1.8 million |
| Washington | 15 | 0 | 1 | $2.0 million |
| Georgia | 9 | 0 | 0 | $14 million |
| New Hampshire | 8 | 0 | 0 | $590,000 |
| Oregon | 4 | 0 | 0 | $500,000 |
| Guam | 4 | 0 | 0 | $2.3 million |
| Connecticut | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| District of Columbia | 2 | 0 | 0 | $75,000 |
| Rhode Island | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Montana | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| American Samoa | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Hawaii | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Every kind of event
- Thunderstorm Wind
- Hail
- Flash Flood
- High Wind
- Winter Storm
- Drought
- Winter Weather
- Tornado
- Heavy Snow
- Flood
- Marine Thunderstorm Wind
- Heat
- Heavy Rain
- Strong Wind
- Excessive Heat
- Extreme Cold/Wind Chill
- Cold/Wind Chill
- Lightning
- Dense Fog
- Blizzard
- Frost/Freeze
- Ice Storm
- High Surf
- Funnel Cloud
- Wildfire
- Tropical Storm
- Waterspout
- Coastal Flood
- Lake-Effect Snow
- Debris Flow
- Hurricane (Typhoon)
- Dust Storm
- Rip Current
- Storm Surge/Tide
- Marine High Wind
- Sleet
- Avalanche
- Marine Hail
- Astronomical Low Tide
- Marine Tropical Storm
- Tropical Depression
- Freezing Fog
- Lakeshore Flood
- Dust Devil
- Marine Strong Wind
- Dense Smoke
- Marine Hurricane/Typhoon
- Volcanic Ashfall
- Seiche
- Sneakerwave
- Volcanic Ash
- Tsunami
- Marine Tropical Depression
- Marine Dense Fog
- Northern Lights
- Marine Lightning
- Hurricane
Sources
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database, compiled from the National Weather Service’s monthly Storm Data. Complete through 2026-06; NCEI adds each month about 75 days after it ends and revises past years a few times a year. Rebuilt 2026-09-24.