North Central and Southeastern Severe Weather

Losses, 2024 dollars

$1.9 billion

Losses at the time

$1.8 billion

Deaths

1

The losses and deaths are NCEI’s, counting everything the disaster did. The episodes below are only what the Weather Service filed in its Storm Events record, which counts damage differently and often not at all, so the two never add up and are shown apart.

• Damaging Winds in Indiana, July 17, 2023$5,000 · 50 kt wind · 2 eventsThunderstorms developed during the afternoon and evening hours ahead of a cold front moving through the Ohio Valley.
• Hail in Wyoming, July 17, 20232 in hail · 12 eventsA supercell thunderstorm developed over central portions of Campbell County and tracked southeast across northern parts of Weston County. The storm produced large hail and gusty winds, causing some damage along its path.
• Damaging Winds in Oklahoma, July 17, 202353 kt wind · 2 eventsWhile impactful storms remained outside (to the north) of the forecast area, robust supercell storms developed across south-central Kansas during the afternoon of the 17th.
• Damaging Wind in Louisiana, July 17, 202350 kt wind · 1 eventDrier air aloft was in place during the afternoon, and only a few cells were able to form. The dominant one that formed used that dry air to produce damaging gusty winds over southeast Louisiana.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kentucky, July 17, 2023$32,000 · 1.5 in hail · 6 eventsA small complex of thunderstorms tracked eastward across western Kentucky during the early evening hours. Sporadic tree damage and large hail accompanied the strongest storms, most of which followed a west-to-east corridor through Paducah to Princeton.
• Damaging Wind in Illinois, July 17, 2023$10,000 · 56 kt wind · 1 eventA small complex of thunderstorms organized over the Mississippi River Valley before moving southeast into western Kentucky. Strong winds accompanied the leading edge of the storms.
• Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, July 17, 2023$12,000 · 50 kt wind · 4 eventsA line of thunderstorms with damaging wind gusts moved through Scranton and surrounding areas. Multiple trees were knocked down across the area.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in South Dakota, July 17, 20232.75 in hail · 13 eventsA long-lived supercell thunderstorm tracked from northeastern Wyoming across southwestern South Dakota, producing very large hail and wind gusts over 60 mph across portions of Custer, Fall River, and Oglala Lakota Counties.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Indiana, July 17 to 18, 20231.25 in hail · 5 eventsAnother active period of weather set up across central Kentucky and southern Indiana July 17th and 18th, 2023 as multiple waves of showers and thunderstorms moved across the region, bringing damaging straight-line winds, severe hail, and one tornado to the region.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kentucky, July 17, 2023$2,000 · 50 kt wind · 3 eventsThunderstorms developed during the afternoon and evening hours ahead of a cold front moving through the Ohio Valley.
• Tornado and Flash Flooding in Kentucky, July 18, 2023EF0 · 22 eventsAnother active period of weather set up across central Kentucky and southern Indiana July 17th and 18th, 2023 as multiple waves of showers and thunderstorms moved across the region, bringing damaging straight-line winds, severe hail, and one tornado to the region.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Nebraska, July 18, 20231 in hail · 2 eventsWest to northwest upper winds were across south central and central Nebraska. Most unstable CAPE and deep layer shear were fairly high across the area. A shortwave disturbance resulted in thunderstorm development the previous afternoon across the High Plains.
• Hail in South Dakota, July 18, 20231.75 in hail · 2 eventsAn early morning severe thunderstorm developed over portions of Todd County, producing hail to golf ball size.
• Hail in Nebraska, July 18, 20232.25 in hail · 2 eventsThunderstorm clusters, including some supercells, moved southeast across portions of north central Nebraska during the early morning hours of July 18. Some hail was significantly severe, measuring over 2 inches.
• Damaging Wind in Nevada, July 18, 202361 kt wind · 1 eventA moist and convective environment produced thunderstorms with gusty winds across central Nevada.
• Lightning Strike in Florida, July 18, 2023$30,000 · 1 eventHot and unstable southwest winds led to the formation of thunderstorms across parts of SE Florida as the Atlantic seabreeze moved inland.
• Damaging Winds in New York, July 18, 2023$6,000 · 51 kt wind · 3 eventsA weak cold front produced isolated thunderstorms along the south shore of Lake Ontario anchored along the lake breeze. Though the storms did not last more than a few hours, they produced scattered wind damage as they tracked along the south shore of Lake Ontario.
• Damaging Wind in Missouri, July 18, 202357 kt wind · 1 eventA squall line developed over southeast Missouri and moved rapidly east-southeast into western Kentucky. Locally damaging winds occurred shortly before the squall line exited Missouri.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in New Hampshire, July 18, 20231.5 in hail · 6 eventsPersistent southerly flow brought a very moist airmass into the region ahead of a slow moving upper level disturbance and slow moving surface frontal boundary during the afternoon of July 18th.
• Damaging Winds in Illinois, July 18, 2023$23,000 · 56 kt wind · 3 eventsA squall line developed over southeast Missouri and moved rapidly east-southeast across western Kentucky and extreme southern Illinois. Areas along and south of a line from East Cape Girardeau to Golconda received widespread strong winds. Isolated damaging winds occurred.
• Tornadoes and Damaging Winds in Kentucky, July 18, 2023$156,000 · EF1 · 11 eventsA squall line developed over southeast Missouri and moved rapidly east-southeast across western Kentucky. Areas along and southwest of a line from Hopkinsville to Princeton to Smithland received widespread strong winds.
• Lightning Strike in Massachusetts, July 18, 2023$2,000 · 1 eventTypical summer afternoon convection formed. There were many heavy showers and thunderstorms with gusts to 30-45 mph (non-severe). Lightning from one storm caused a power pole fire in Hatfield, MA.
• Flash Flood in New Jersey, July 18, 20231 eventThunderstorms brought locally heavy rain to Monmouth County on the afternoon of July 18. Rainfall totals were as high as 1.5 to 2.5 inches.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Wind in New York, July 18, 2023$46,000 · 9 eventsClusters of slow-moving, training, and heavy rain producing thunderstorms resulted in a downed tree and flash flooding over parts of eastern New York on July 18.
• Damaging Winds in New York, July 18, 2023$9,000 · 50 kt wind · 3 eventsA cold front swept through Central New York and kicked off scattered showers and thunderstorms. There was enough instability to support isolated severe thunderstorms. There were a few reports of trees knocked down by the strong winds.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Tennessee, July 18, 2023$174,000 · 1 in hail · 21 eventsMultiple mesoscale convective systems developed in northwest flow aloft and tracked across the Mid-South. The first tracked from southeast Missouri and southwest Kentucky into West Tennessee during the early-mid afternoon on July 18th.
• Flash Flooding in New Hampshire, July 18, 20236 eventsScattered showers and thunderstorms with heavy rainfall developed across the White Mountains and areas northward on the afternoon of the 18th. Moist air supported torrential rainfall rates between 2 to 3 inches an hour, all of which fell over saturated soils.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Tennessee, July 18, 2023$129,000 · 52 kt wind · 31 eventsA squall line developed to the northwest of Tennessee early on July 18, 2023, and quickly traveled southeast through the early afternoon and evening hours. Damaging winds were the primary threat with this squall line with wind gusts of 60 to 70 mph common.
• Damaging Wind in Maine, July 18, 202352 kt wind · 1 eventThunderstorms developed during the afternoon of the 18th. An isolated severe thunderstorm produced damaging winds near the town of Guerette in northeast Aroostook county. Several trees were toppled around Cross Lake.
• Damaging Winds in Kentucky, July 18, 2023$59,000 · 65 kt wind · 22 eventsA warm, muggy and unstable air mass was in place across eastern Kentucky on July 18th as a wavering front remained northwest of the Lower Ohio River.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Ohio, July 18, 2023$143,000 · 1.5 in hail · 23 eventsScattered thunderstorms developed along a boundary that had stalled across the the Ohio Valley.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, July 18, 202350 kt wind · 4 eventsScattered thunderstorms developed over the North Carolina mountains during the afternoon. A couple of these storms produced brief damaging wind gusts. A weakening line of thunderstorms then moved into the mountains from east Tennessee late in the evening.
• Damaging Wind in Utah, July 18, 202355 kt wind · 1 eventAfter high pressure dominated eastern Utah for several days, moisture gradually increased ahead of an approaching system. This led to the development of isolated to scattered high-based thunderstorms.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Wind in Maine, July 18, 202350 kt wind · 4 eventsScattered showers and thunderstorms with heavy rainfall developed of the Western Maine Mountains on the afternoon of the 18th. Moist air supported torrential rainfall rates between 2 to 3 inches an hour, all of which fell over saturated soils.
• Hail in South Dakota, July 18, 20231.75 in hail · 3 eventsA supercell thunderstorm developed southeast of the Black Hills and tracked across western and southern portions of Oglala Lakota County before moving into Nebraska.
• Tornado and Hail in Nebraska, July 18, 20233 in hail · 13 eventsAn isolated supercell initially moved south through the panhandle during the mid and late afternoon hours of July 18, which was responsible for very large hail and some damaging winds. Additional storms developed ahead of that cell toward the Colorado border.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Arkansas, July 18, 2023$25,000 · 56 kt wind · 7 eventsMultiple mesoscale convective systems developed in northwest flow aloft and tracked across the Mid-South. The first tracked from southeast Missouri and southwest Kentucky into West Tennessee during the early-mid afternoon on July 18th.
• Damaging Winds in Kentucky, July 18, 2023$400 · 50 kt wind · 8 eventsA passing upper level disturbance with additional contribution from preceding hot and muggy conditions led to strong to severe thunderstorms on the afternoon of July 18th.
• Tornado and Damaging Winds in Alabama, July 18, 2023$39,000 · EF0 · 30 eventsA squall line dropped south-southeast from middle Tennessee through north Alabama during the mid to late afternoon hours of the 18th. One brief tornado was spawned along the line in northern Madison County, and numerous other reports of wind damage were received.
• Damaging Wind in Vermont, July 18, 2023$5,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventA weak cold front moved across a marginally unstable air mass across central-southern VT during the afternoon and evening hours of July 18th. A few thunderstorms developed with one storm producing localized wind damage.
• Hail in Nebraska, July 18, 20231 in hail · 1 eventStorms developed over the Nebraska Panhandle late in the afternoon on the 18th including a discrete severe thunderstorm over Cheyenne County, Nebraska with quarter size hail resulting in crop damage.
• Damaging Winds in Mississippi, July 18, 2023$60,000 · 65 kt wind · 8 eventsMultiple mesoscale convective systems developed in northwest flow aloft and tracked across the Mid-South. The first tracked from southeast Missouri and southwest Kentucky into West Tennessee during the early-mid afternoon on July 18th.
• Damaging Winds in South Carolina, July 18 to 19, 202350 kt wind · 3 eventsAn isolated storm developed over the Blue Ridge mountains and moved southeast into upstate South Carolina during the evening. The storm produced brief damaging wind gusts over northern Pickens County.
• Tornado and Hail in South Dakota, July 18, 2023EF0 · 23 eventsThunderstorms developed along a cold front brought severe weather to central South Dakota during the evening hours. A storm moved into Pierre and Fort Pierre, SD, producing hail.
• Hail in Colorado, July 18, 20231 in hail · 1 eventA severe thunderstorm in Sedgwick County produced quarter size hail near Ovid.
• Flash Flooding in Kentucky, July 18, 2023$50,000 · 2 eventsScattered thunderstorms developed along a boundary that had stalled across the Ohio Valley.
• Hail in North Dakota, July 18, 20231 in hail · 4 eventsThunderstorms developed during the evening hours ahead of an advancing surface trough where ample moisture was present. Two storms became severe, producing one-inch diameter hail. In addition, one storm produced a funnel cloud in southeastern Wells County.
• Flash Flooding in Nevada, July 18 to 19, 20232 eventsAmple mid and upper level moisture that streamed across western Nevada, coupled with summer daytime heating, increased instability across the region that allowed for increased shower and thunderstorm chances (15-30%) that extended mostly south of US-50 from southern Mono County…
• Damaging Winds in Alabama, July 18, 202350 kt wind · 6 eventsAn outflow boundary from a decaying MCS tracked southward produced a line of strong to severe thunderstorms across the northern portions of Alabama, mainly during the evening hours.
• Damaging Winds and High Wind in South Dakota, July 18, 202353 kt wind · 3 eventsA few storms developed along a pre-frontal boundary in a zone of weak moisture convergence. An abundance of dry air above the surface resulted in healthy downdrafts, which produced spotty thunderstorm wind gusts and some stronger non-thunderstorm winds.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in South Dakota, July 18 to 19, 20231 in hail · 3 eventsA thunderstorm occasionally became severe as it tracked across portions of southwestern and south central South Dakota. The storm produced large hail and wind gusts to 60 mph.
• Flash Flooding and Flood in West Virginia, July 19, 2023$8,000 · 3 eventsA line of thunderstorms passed across Mercer County during the early morning hours of July 19th, producing anywhere from 1.75 inches to 2.25 inches of rainfall within a hour. Automated rain gages indicated that rainfall rates at times were in excess of 3 inches per hour.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Kentucky, July 19, 2023$5.3 million · 1.25 in hail · 17 eventsHistoric flash flooding struck parts of far western Kentucky. Among the hardest hit counties was Graves County, which had not completely recovered from a catastrophic tornado in December of 2021.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Missouri, July 19, 20231 in hail · 2 eventsIsolated storms developed across the area, mainly south of I-70. Some of the storms were severe and produced large hail and damaging winds.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Tennessee, July 19, 2023$5,000 · 1 in hail · 7 eventsA mesoscale convective system moved into the northeast portion of West Tennessee during the early morning hours of July 19, 2023.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Illinois, July 19, 2023$601,000 · 1 in hail · 7 eventsMajor flash flooding struck parts of far southern Illinois. The hardest hit counties were Alexander, Pulaski, and Massac in the southern tip of Illinois.
• Lightning Strike in Florida, July 19, 2023$2,000 · 1 eventLightning damaged a dock at Big Coppitt Key as a tropical wave moved west through the Florida Keys, accompanied by scattered thunderstorms.
• Flash Flood in Missouri, July 19, 2023$50,000 · 1 eventCape Girardeau County was on the western edge of a swath of extremely heavy rainfall that caused catastrophic flooding in western Kentucky and the southern tip of Illinois.
• Tornadoes and Flash Flood in North Carolina, July 19, 202316 injured · $300 million · EF3 · 6 eventsAn old thunderstorm complex moving across the area from the prior evening of the 18th entered a more favorable environment by midday and developed a tornado that tracked several miles over the northern Coastal Plain of central NC.
• Tornado and Hail in Minnesota, July 19, 20231.75 in hail · 6 eventsStorms moved through NW MN in the afternoon hours of July 19th. They produced hail up to golf ball sized and a brief touchdown in Beltrami county.
• Hail in South Dakota, July 19, 20231.25 in hail · 2 eventsA few storms developed during the afternoon along a cold frontal boundary with up to 2000 J/kg available CAPE and 40 to 50 knots of effective shear. Rotating storms produced large hail, and isolated very large hail across southwest Minnesota.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Minnesota, July 19, 2023$25,000 · 2.75 in hail · 28 eventsA warm front moved across the Northland during the day on the 19th setting the stage for severe storms during the afternoon and evening across the region.
• Flash Flooding in Virginia, July 19, 20233 eventsScattered thunderstorms associated with a surface trough of low pressure produced heavy rain which caused flash flooding across portions of southeast Virginia.
• Hail in Minnesota, July 19, 2023$70,000 · 2.5 in hail · 11 eventsA few storms developed during the afternoon along a cold frontal boundary with up to 2000 J/kg available CAPE and 40 to 50 knots of effective shear. Rotating storms produced large hail, and isolated very large hail across southwest Minnesota.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, July 19, 2023$8,000 · 50 kt wind · 8 eventsScattered thunderstorms developed across inland portions of southeast South Carolina in the mid afternoon hours near a surface trough. These thunderstorms moved toward the coast and produced damaging wind gusts.
• Hail in Wyoming, July 19, 20232.75 in hail · 12 eventsSevere thunderstorms with large hail developed over portions of Platte and Goshen County late in the afternoon on the 19th. One particular left-moving supercell thunderstorm produce very large hail near Torrington damaging numerous cars and home windows.
• Flash Flood in Nevada, July 19 to 20, 20231 eventHeavy rain from showers and thunderstorms caused flooding and mudslides across central and northern Nevada.
• Damaging Wind in North Carolina, July 19, 2023$15,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventIsolated severe thunderstorm associated with a surface trough of low pressure produced damaging winds across portions of northeast North Carolina.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Minnesota, July 19, 2023$25,000 · 1.75 in hail · 19 eventsSeveral supercell thunderstorms developed across the region and produce widespread hail, with occasional strong wind gusts and wind damage.
• Damaging Winds in New Mexico, July 19, 202361 kt wind · 2 eventsAn upper level disturbance passing over CO combined with sufficient low-level moisture allowed for scattered storms to develop over northeastern NM during the afternoon of July 19th.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Wisconsin, July 19, 2023$20,000 · 2 in hail · 15 eventsA warm front moved across the Northland during the day on the 19th setting the stage for severe storms during the afternoon and evening across the region.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kansas, July 19, 2023$142,000 · 1 in hail · 10 eventsOn the evening of July 19th, showers and thunderstorms moved through the northwestern region of Kansas. Some of the thunderstorms became severe and produced hail up to quarters in size along with damaging wind gusts up to an estimated 90 mph.
• Hail in Nebraska, July 19, 20232.5 in hail · 5 eventsStrong to severe thunderstorms moved into the Nebraska Panhandle from eastern Wyoming late in the afternoon on the 19th producing large hail in southern Sioux County.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Wisconsin, July 19, 2023$100,000 · 2.5 in hail · 15 eventsSeveral supercell thunderstorms developed across the region and produce widespread hail, with occasional strong wind gusts and wind damage. Of particular note was hail that was 2 to 2.5 inches south of Rice Lake WI.
• Damaging Wind in North Carolina, July 19, 202350 kt wind · 1 eventA few thunderstorms developed and moved through during the evening hours. One such storm became severe and produced damaging winds.
• Hail in Nebraska, July 19, 20231 in hail · 1 eventOn the evening of July 19th, showers and thunderstorms moved through the far southwestern region of Nebraska. One of the thunderstorms became severe and produced hail up to quarters in size.
• Damaging Winds in Georgia, July 19, 2023$1,000 · 50 kt wind · 2 eventsScattered thunderstorms developed across inland portions of southeast Georgia in the early evening hours near a surface trough. These thunderstorms moved toward the coast and produced damaging wind gusts.
• Hail in Nebraska, July 19, 20231 in hail · 1 eventA line of storms developed near a surface boundary in northern Nebraska in a deep shear environment and produced 1-inch hail in Knox County.
• Damaging Wind in Arizona, July 19, 2023$1,000 · 52 kt wind · 1 eventScattered thunderstorms move west across southeast Arizona during the afternoon and evening. One storm downed several trees on the Pascua Yaqui Pueblo.
• Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, July 19, 2023$34,000 · 52 kt wind · 3 eventsWidely scattered showers and storms formed over south-central Pennsylvania during the late afternoon and evening of July 19, 2023 in a moderately unstable (MLCAPE 1500 J/Kg) environment ahead of an approaching shortwave.
• Damaging Wind in Wisconsin, July 19, 202356 kt wind · 1 eventA widespread area of strong to severe storms progressed through the Upper Mississippi River Valley during the nighttime hours of July 19th.
• Damaging Wind in North Carolina, July 19, 202352 kt wind · 1 eventA small cluster of thunderstorms produced a wind gust in Pender County, NC.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Wind in Missouri, July 20, 202350 kt wind · 3 eventsSevere storms moved into western Missouri during the morning of the 20th. A couple of these storms produced wind gusts over 60 mph, and localized flash flooding occurred over central Missouri as two to three inches of rain fell over areas that were saturated from the previous…
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Tennessee, July 20, 202352 kt wind · 11 eventsA warm front lifting northward through the area produced training showers and thunderstorms, which produced strong to severe damaging winds and locally heavy rainfall in East Tennessee.
• Damaging Winds in Missouri, July 20, 202356 kt wind · 2 eventsAs a cluster of storms moved east across southern Missouri into southern Illinois, some of the storms became severe with a few reports of damaging winds.
• Damaging Wind in Michigan, July 20, 2023$5,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventA line of strong storms initiated along a cold front sliding across far eastern Wisconsin in the morning, eventually tracking over Lake Michigan into the forecast area.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Missouri, July 20, 2023$5,000 · 56 kt wind · 2 eventsA thunderstorm cluster moved east-southeast across Cape Girardeau County. The lead thunderstorm contained locally strong winds. The storms occurred along and ahead of a cold front that stretched from the Great Lakes region to the southern Plains.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Tennessee, July 20, 2023$1.1 million · 1 in hail · 43 eventsA very strong squall line made its way through Middle Tennessee during the morning and afternoon hours of July 20, 2023. Damaging straight-line winds were the primary threat associated with this line of thunderstorms with wind gusts of 65 to 80 mph common.
• Damaging Winds in Illinois, July 20, 202356 kt wind · 3 eventsAs a cluster of storms moved east across southern Missouri into southern Illinois, some of the storms became severe with a few reports of damaging winds.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kentucky, July 20, 2023$41,000 · 1 in hail · 5 eventsA thunderstorm complex moved east-southeast across western Kentucky. A thunderstorm along the leading edge of this complex produced locally damaging winds from the Paducah area eastward to the northern part of the Land-Between-The-Lakes region.
• Damaging Wind in Illinois, July 20, 2023$25,000 · 1 eventA thunderstorm complex moved east-southeast across southern Illinois. A thunderstorm along the leading edge of this complex produced damaging winds in Massac County.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Michigan, July 20, 2023$125,000 · 1.25 in hail · 11 eventsThere were numerous reports of hail and damaging wind gusts as a result of severe storms on July 20th.
• Flash Flood and Hail in Colorado, July 20 to 21, 2023$15,000 · 2 in hail · 22 eventsSevere thunderstorms produced large hail and damaging wind gusts across portions of Adams, Denver, Elbert, Lincoln and Logan Counties. The hail ranged in size from 1 to 2 inches in diameter. Peak wind gusts up to around 70 mph were observed.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, July 20, 2023$7,000 · 2 in hail · 11 eventsA surface low moved east-southeastward from northwestern Lower MI to the southeastern shore of Lake Huron during the late morning through mid-evening of the 20th.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Michigan, July 20, 2023$20 million · 2.75 in hail · 32 eventsA combination of squall line thunderstorms tied to a strong cold front and pre-frontal supercells brought severe weather to parts of Southeast Michigan Thursday afternoon and early evening on July 20,2023.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Indiana, July 20, 2023$73,000 · 2.5 in hail · 33 eventsOn the morning of July 20th, a warm front moved north through the forecast area, followed by a cold front in the late afternoon. Scattered supercells developed ahead of the cold front near the Indiana-Michigan Stateline.
• Hail in Illinois, July 20, 20231 in hail · 1 eventA cold front moved through central Illinois during the day, interacting with an unstable airmass characterized by 3000 J/kg of CAPE. This resulted in scattered strong thunderstorms which produced isolated large hail.
• Damaging Wind in Indiana, July 20, 2023$2,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventScattered to numerous thunderstorms moved across central Indiana yesterday which generally remained sub-severe outside of a lone stronger storm near Lafayette where several large tree limbs were downed.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kansas, July 20, 2023$799,000 · 2.5 in hail · 21 eventsIn the morning of the 20th, widespread showers with some imbedded storm cells moved southeast through eastern Colorado. During the afternoon, a storm on the southern end of that same storm cluster intensified and caused extreme straight-line wind damage in West Central Kansas.
• Tornadoes and Hail in Georgia, July 20, 2023$905,000 · EF1 · 116 eventsA large squall-line (Mesoscale Convective System) moved across mainly North and East-Central GA during the afternoon and early evening hours of July 20th.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Kansas, July 20, 20232.5 in hail · 22 eventsLarge hail and damaging winds were reported across western Kansas. Flooding was also reported across Garden City.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Ohio, July 20, 20231 death · $9,000 · 1.25 in hail · 7 eventsOn the morning of July 20th, a warm front moved north through the forecast area, followed by a cold front in the late afternoon. Scattered supercells developed ahead of the cold front near the Indiana-Michigan Stateline.
• Damaging Winds in South Carolina, July 20, 2023$200 · 65 kt wind · 14 eventsA line of severe thunderstorms, aided by some upper energy and deep layer shear, developed over north Georgia and moved SE across the Midlands of SC, during the late day and evening, and produced widespread wind damage.
• Flash Flooding in Wyoming, July 20, 2023$60,000 · 5 eventsA strong monsoonal moisture push led to afternoon thunderstorms with heavy rainfall leading to flash flooding in Cheyenne and Laramie and areas in-between.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Alabama, July 20, 2023$1,000 · 1.75 in hail · 6 eventsA complex of strong to severe thunderstorms dropped south-southeast during the early to mid afternoon hours into north central and northeast Alabama. The tail end of this line spawned a couple of supercell thunderstorms which produced hail and even a brief funnel cloud.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Ohio, July 20, 2023$4.0 million · 2 in hail · 41 eventsA surface low moved generally eastward from east-central Lower MI to the southeastern shore of Lake Huron during the evening of the 20th.
• Damaging Winds in Idaho, July 20, 202362 kt wind · 5 eventsSeveral sited measured 50 plus knot winds.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Ohio, July 20, 2023$129,000 · 1.5 in hail · 30 eventsThunderstorms developed during the afternoon and evening hours ahead of a cold front moving into the region.
• Flash Flood in Virginia, July 20, 20231 eventScattered thunderstorms associated with a surface trough of low pressure produced heavy rain which caused flash flooding across portions of southeast Virginia.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, July 20 to 21, 2023$176,000 · 2.5 in hail · 42 eventsA squall line pushed from the Great Lakes into central Pennsylvania during the evening of July 20, 2023. An intense storm formed just ahead of the squall line over Warren County producing damaging winds and large hail.
• Damaging Winds in New York, July 20, 2023$84,000 · 65 kt wind · 48 eventsThunderstorms that formed over the central Great Lakes during the morning survived and tracked east across western New York by early evening.
• Lightning Strike in Virginia, July 20, 2023$20,000 · 1 eventIsolated thunderstorms that featured frequent lightning struck a house, causing a house fire in Botetourt County.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Pennsylvania, July 20 to 21, 20231 injured · $490,000 · 50 kt wind · 42 eventsThe passage of a warm front during the morning of July 20th provided a moist and unstable air mass. A strong, progressive upper trough tracked southeastward from the Great Lakes, with an associated cold front crossing during the evening hours.
• Damaging Winds in Georgia, July 20, 2023$600 · 74 kt wind · 20 eventsA line of severe thunderstorms, aided by some upper energy and deep layer shear, developed over north Georgia and moved SE across the Central Savannah River Area of GA, during the late day and evening, and produced widespread wind damage.
• Damaging Wind in South Carolina, July 20, 202350 kt wind · 1 eventLocalized thunderstorm caused wind damage.
• Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in South Carolina, July 20, 2023$1.0 million · 50 kt wind · 3 eventsScattered wind damage was observed from thunderstorms mainly across portions of SC.
• Damaging Winds in New York, July 20, 2023$9,000 · 50 kt wind · 4 eventsA line of strong thunderstorms moved through Central New York during the overnight hours. Reports were isolated to Steuben County where there were multiple reports of trees down.
• Flash Flood and Hail in Colorado, July 20, 20230.88 in hail · 2 eventsMultiple rounds of heavy rain led to flash flooding in Burlington where flood water began enter a residential basement. Nickel sized hail was also report from one of the rounds of storms.
• Damaging Winds in Georgia, July 20, 202350 kt wind · 3 eventsA line of thunderstorms developed during the evening along an inland trough. This line of storms then tracked toward the coast and producing a few instances of damaging wind gusts.
• Damaging Winds in Ohio, July 20, 2023$28,000 · 60 kt wind · 5 eventsThe passage of a warm front during the morning of July 20th provided a moist and unstable air mass. A strong, progressive upper trough tracked southeastward from the Great Lakes, with an associated cold front crossing during the evening hours.
• Damaging Winds in South Carolina, July 20, 20231 injured · $1,000 · 50 kt wind · 8 eventsA line of thunderstorms developed during the evening along an inland trough. This line of storms then tracked toward the coast and producing damaging wind gusts along the way.
• Damaging Wind in Arizona, July 20, 202357 kt wind · 1 eventA few thunderstorms moved southwest across areas east and south of Tucson during the late afternoon and evening. Severe thunderstorm outflow gusts reached the Santa Rita Mountains.
• Damaging Wind in Tennessee, July 20, 2023$7,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventA cold front pushed into West Tennessee during the evening hours of July 20, 2023. A very unstable airmass was in place and scattered thunderstorms developed. There was an isolated report of damaging wind in Chester County.
• Damaging Wind in West Virginia, July 20, 2023$15,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventThe passage of a warm front during the morning of July 20th provided a moist and unstable air mass. A strong, progressive upper trough tracked southeastward from the Great Lakes, with an associated cold front crossing during the evening hours.
• Damaging Winds in Maryland, July 21, 2023$24,000 · 52 kt wind · 6 eventsA line of thunderstorms (Mesoscale Convective Complex, MCS) that developed over the Midwest moved across northern Maryland and eastern West Virginia producing localized wind damage overnight. The event was noteworthy due to its timing.
• Damaging Winds in West Virginia, July 21, 2023$10,000 · 52 kt wind · 3 eventsA line of thunderstorms (Mesoscale Convective Complex, MCS) that developed over the Midwest moved across northern Maryland and eastern West Virginia producing localized wind damage overnight. The event was noteworthy due to its timing.
• Damaging Winds in Oklahoma, July 20, 2023$10,000 · 78 kt wind · 3 eventsOn the evening of the 20th into the early AM hours of the 21st a large complex of storms moved into the Oklahoma Panhandle from southeast Colorado and southwest Kansas.
• Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, July 21, 202350 kt wind · 14 eventsA strong line of thunderstorms moved through the area early in the morning of July 21 producing damaging wind gusts.
• Flash Flooding in Tennessee, July 21, 2023$75,000 · 6 eventsDuring the pre-dawn hours on July 21, 2023, an elevated east-west boundary was positioned across the Memphis Metropolitan area. Moderately strong low-level moisture transport across this boundary resulted in back-building storms and locally heavy rainfall.
• Damaging Winds in Oklahoma, July 21, 2023$125,000 · 73 kt wind · 7 eventsA robust mesoscale convective system (MCS)/bow echo swept across portions of northern Oklahoma during the early morning hours of the 21st.
• Damaging Wind in Maryland, July 21, 202350 kt wind · 1 eventA strong line of thunderstorms moved through the area early in the morning of July 21 producing damaging wind gusts.
• Flash Flooding in Alabama, July 21, 202311 eventsThunderstorms repeatedly moved across from NW to SE across Central Madison County, dumping in excess of 7.5 in Harvest, AL. This heavy rainfall caused widespread flash flooding, closing roads, and water into several homes in Harvest, Monrovia, and portions of North Huntsville.
• Damaging Winds in New Jersey, July 21, 202354 kt wind · 2 eventsA strong line of thunderstorms moved through the area early in the morning of July 21 producing damaging wind gusts.
• Damaging Wind in Oklahoma, July 21, 2023$2,000 · 61 kt wind · 1 eventStrong to severe thunderstorms moved across northeastern Oklahoma during the morning hours of the 21st, ahead of a mid level mesoscale convective vortex that translated eastward through the region. The strongest thunderstorms produced damaging wind gusts.
• Damaging Winds in Arkansas, July 21, 202356 kt wind · 5 eventsA cold front moved across the state from north to south bringing isolated damaging winds to central Arkansas.
• Damaging Winds in Arkansas, July 21, 202361 kt wind · 2 eventsStrong to severe thunderstorms moved across northwestern Arkansas during the morning hours of the 21st, ahead of a mid level mesoscale convective vortex that translated eastward through the region. The strongest thunderstorms produced damaging wind gusts.
• Flash Flood in Missouri, July 21, 20231 eventAs storms tracked eastward over southern Missouri during the morning, they produced localized wind gusts over 50 mph and flash flooding in the town of Seneca in western Newton County.
• Damaging Winds in Arkansas, July 21, 2023$43,000 · 65 kt wind · 3 eventsA residual boundary left over from pre-dawn storms was located near the Tennessee/Mississippi state line during the morning hours of July 21, 2023. By early afternoon a progressive mid-level trough moved into the region on northwest flow aloft.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Massachusetts, July 21, 2023$9,000 · 50 kt wind · 43 eventsA warm front stalled across Connecticut and Rhode Island, producing thunderstorms with very heavy rainfall. This caused significant flash flooding. Also, wind shear was just strong enough for a few thunderstorms to become severe, with locally damaging wind gusts.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Tennessee, July 21, 20231 injured · $318,000 · 66 kt wind · 20 eventsA residual boundary left over from pre-dawn storms was located near the Tennessee/Mississippi state line during the morning hours of July 21, 2023. By early afternoon a progressive mid-level trough moved into the region on northwest flow aloft.
• Flash Flood and Damaging Winds in Mississippi, July 21, 2023$74,000 · 61 kt wind · 9 eventsA residual boundary left over from pre-dawn storms was located near the Tennessee/Mississippi state line during the morning hours of July 21, 2023. By early afternoon a progressive mid-level trough moved into the region on northwest flow aloft.
• Flash Flood and Damaging Winds in Connecticut, July 21, 2023$41,000 · 50 kt wind · 4 eventsA warm front stalled across Connecticut and Rhode Island, producing thunderstorms with very heavy rainfall. Also, wind shear was just strong enough for a few thunderstorms to become severe in both Connecticut and Massachusetts, with locally damaging wind gusts.
• Damaging Wind in Florida, July 21, 2023$3,000 · 1 eventA strong thunderstorm over Lee County caused damage to fences and temporary tents.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Vermont, July 21, 2023$15,000 · 1 in hail · 5 eventsA weak area of low pressure moved across a marginally unstable air mass across Vermont on July 21st. Scattered thunderstorms developed and moved across Vermont, some of these storms brought damaging winds.
• Flash Flood and Hail in New Hampshire, July 21, 20231.25 in hail · 5 eventsA cluster of severe storms developed across Massachusetts on the afternoon of the 21st. The heaviest rainfall persisted south of the New Hampshire and Massachusetts state line, however one storm edged into the Nashua area.
• Damaging Winds in Tennessee, July 21, 2023$20,000 · 52 kt wind · 2 eventsA few thunderstorms impacted southwestern Middle Tennessee during the afternoon of July 21, 2023. One of these thunderstorms produced wind damage in Lawrence County with downed trees and powerlines.
• Damaging Winds in Alabama, July 21, 202350 kt wind · 6 eventsAn upper impulse tracked southeast in a northwest flow pattern and produced scattered to numerous thunderstorms across north Alabama during the peak heating of the day, some severe with damaging winds.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Georgia, July 21 to 22, 2023$151,000 · 61 kt wind · 58 eventsStrong to severe thunderstorms moved across much of north and central GA during the afternoon and evening hours of July 21st. Numerous reports of damaging winds, along with significant flash flooding (around downtown Atlanta) occurred along the I-20 corridor.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in New Mexico, July 21 to 22, 2023$40,000 · 1.25 in hail · 11 eventsNorthwest flow rounding the northeastern periphery of an upper high over AZ combined with abundant low-level moisture over the high plains of eastern NM to produce severe weather along and east of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains on July 21st and 22nd.
• Tornado and Damaging Winds in Alabama, July 21, 2023$53,000 · EF1 · 20 eventsA complex of strong to severe thunderstorms spread east from the southern Plains through the mid South during the morning hours, and arrived in the Tennessee Valley during the afternoon hours. One of the thunderstorms spawned a tornado in Madison County.
• Damaging Wind in Georgia, July 21, 202350 kt wind · 1 eventIsolated thunderstorms developed over northeast Georgia during the late afternoon and evening. One of the storms produced brief damaging wind gusts in Elbert County.
• Flash Flood in Vermont, July 21, 2023$75,000 · 1 eventScattered showers and thunderstorms, a few with heavy rainfall affected portions of Vermont during the afternoon on July 21. A few storms trained across northern Franklin County, VT, leading to scattered flash flooding.
• Hail in South Dakota, July 21, 20231.75 in hail · 1 eventA thunderstorm briefly became severe over eastern Custer County, producing hail to golf ball size east of Hermosa.
• Flash Flood in Vermont, July 21, 2023$100,000 · 1 eventScattered showers and thunderstorms with heavy rainfall affected the area on the evening of the 21st, leading to a few areas of flash flooding in the Richford area.
• Damaging Wind in Connecticut, July 21, 2023$3,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventAn upper level trough slowly moved through aloft as a cold front passed through southern CT at the surface. A cluster of severe thunderstorms developed and produced damaging wind gusts.
• Hail in South Dakota, July 21, 2023$700,000 · 1 in hail · 5 eventsDespite less than 1000 J/kg MLCAPE and less than 30 knots deep-layer shear, a few storms managed to produce brief marginally large hail.
• Damaging Winds in Arizona, July 21, 2023$500 · 53 kt wind · 2 eventsScattered thunderstorms developed and moved west across southeast Arizona during the afternoon and evening. Severe thunderstorm outflow gusts occurred in Graham and Greenlee counties and some tree damage occurred in Tucson.
• Damaging Wind in New Mexico, July 21, 202353 kt wind · 1 eventA weak surface low was located just south of the New Mexico Bootheel while a disturbance associated with an upper trough crossing the Great Lakes. A large temperature/dew point spread aided in strong wind gusts which crossed the Lordsburg Playa.
• Flash Flood in New Hampshire, July 21, 20231 eventA cold front brought showers and thunderstorms across the region which resulted in severe weather and flash flooding. The backbuilding nature of the storms resulted in localized flash flooding in Hillsborough County. Add detail for svr....
• Damaging Wind in Iowa, July 21, 202356 kt wind · 1 eventAn isolated storm along a frontal boundary produced a local burst of damaging wind.
• Hail in Colorado, July 21, 20231.5 in hail · 3 eventsA severe thunderstorm in Weld County produced large hail, up to half dollar size.
• Damaging Winds in South Carolina, July 21, 202355 kt wind · 3 eventsDaytime heating and a surface boundary led to scattered showers and thunderstorms developing, an isolated one or two reached severe limits.
• Hail in South Dakota, July 21, 20232 in hail · 2 eventsA thunderstorm was occasionally severe as it tracked southeastward across the northeastern and eastern foothills of the Black Hills. The storm produced hail larger than golf ball size.
• Hail in Nebraska, July 21, 20231 in hail · 1 eventA lone supercell moved south across the central Sandhills during the late evening of July 21, producing large hail in Blaine County.
• Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in Georgia, July 21 to 23, 2023$23,000 · 55 kt wind · 37 eventsScattered to numerous showers and thunderstorms occurred within a favorable environment for downbursts. Several reports of damaging winds were received.
• Damaging Wind in Nevada, July 21, 202352 kt wind · 1 eventThunderstorms over eastern White Pine county produced gusty winds.
• Damaging Winds in Alabama, July 22, 202350 kt wind · 2 eventsA typical summer pattern persisted with scattered thunderstorms across the area with a few reports of severe weather.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Wisconsin, July 22, 20231.25 in hail · 3 eventsThunderstorms developed along the lake breeze around midday along the Lake Michigan shoreline. These storms produced hail up to half dollar size. Another round of thunderstorms developed across northeast Wisconsin during the late afternoon and early evening hours.
• Damaging Winds in Georgia, July 22, 202350 kt wind · 8 eventsA wavering surface boundary across SE Georgia, the dominant Gulf Coast sea breeze and steep mid and upper-level lapse rates combined with some dry pockets of low-level air produced scattered diurnally enhanced strong to severe storms that produced wind gusts of 40-60 mph.
• Damaging Winds in Mississippi, July 22, 2023$5,000 · 50 kt wind · 3 eventsScatter afternoon storms developed and a few were strong to severe.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Florida, July 22 to 24, 2023$11,000 · 50 kt wind · 15 eventsA typical summer pattern persisted with scattered thunderstorms across the area with a few reports of severe weather.
• Hail in Minnesota, July 22, 20232.5 in hail · 9 eventsA potent shortwave diving south out of Manitoba kicked off storms that produced large hail across parts of the region. One storm during the early afternoon produced tennis ball size hail denting vehicles on Highway 38 in northern Itasca County.
• Hail in Michigan, July 22, 20231.25 in hail · 5 eventsScattered thunderstorms formed over northwest lower Michigan as a weak troughing overspread an unstable airmass in place. A few storms produced severe hail, specifically over Grand Traverse and Wexford counties.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Minnesota, July 22, 20231.75 in hail · 16 eventsA subltle shortwave trough within northwest flow moved across the region and provided enought lift for scattered afternoon thunderstorms.
• Hail in Wisconsin, July 22, 20231.75 in hail · 3 eventsA subltle shortwave trough within northwest flow moved across the region and provided enought lift for scattered afternoon thunderstorms.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Wisconsin, July 22, 2023$12,000 · 52 kt wind · 4 eventsA weak surface trough and upper level disturbance led to rounds of strong thunderstorms during the afternoon and evening. Some hail and damaging winds were observed.
• Hail in Nebraska, July 22, 2023$7.8 million · 2.5 in hail · 12 eventsNebraska was on the backside of an upper trough. A weak shortwave trough moved over the Central Plains and resulted in an increase in atmospheric lift. Most unstable CAPE was around 3,000 J/kg and effective bulk shear was around 35 knots.
• Hail in Minnesota, July 22, 2023$56,000 · 1.5 in hail · 7 eventsLimited instability and shear led to rapidly developing and dissipating storms. The strongest storms briefly produced large hail.
• Hail in New Mexico, July 22, 20230.75 in hail · 1 eventA surface trough was located along the Rio Grande Valley with southeast surface winds bringing in modest moisture to the Sacramento Mountains.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Alabama, July 22, 20231.75 in hail · 3 eventsStrong thunderstorms produced large hail in southwest Alabama.
• Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in Florida, July 22, 20231 injured · $10,000 · 50 kt wind · 6 eventsA wavering surface boundary across SE Georgia, the dominant Gulf Coast sea breeze and steep mid and upper-level lapse rates combined with some dry pockets of low-level air produced scattered diurnally enhanced strong to severe storms that produced wind gusts of 40-60 mph.
• Damaging Winds in Louisiana, July 22, 2023$7,000 · 50 kt wind · 8 eventsA weak cold front drifted into the region while a trough dug south to the gulf. Scattered afternoon thunderstorms developed with some becoming severe.
• Tornado and Hail in Kansas, July 22, 20232 in hail · 10 eventsScattered severe t-storms during the afternoon on July 22nd produced a brief small land spout type tornado and numerous large hail reports.
• Tornado and Damaging Wind in Florida, July 22, 2023EF0 · 2 eventsThunderstorms produced a landspout tornado in Volusia County and a severe wind gust in Brevard County.
• Damaging Wind in South Dakota, July 22, 202354 kt wind · 1 eventA thunderstorm briefly became severe over eastern Todd County, producing wind gusts to 60 mph.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Louisiana, July 22, 20231 in hail · 6 eventsA remnant outflow boundary made its way over southern Mississippi during the morning. Once daytime heating increased, convection formed along that boundary.
• Hail in South Dakota, July 22, 20232.75 in hail · 8 eventsLimited instability and shear led to rapidly developing and dissipating storms. The strongest storms briefly produced large hail, with some very large observed in southeast South Dakota near Salem.
• Hail in Louisiana, July 22, 20231 in hail · 1 eventA large upper level ridge of high pressure over the Rockies and Southern Plains began to retreat west of the Four State Region on July 22nd, as a weak upper level disturbance shifted southeast into the region and Lower Mississippi Valley.
• Damaging Wind in Wyoming, July 22, 202353 kt wind · 1 eventAn outflow boundary moved through Cody and brought strong wind. A 61 mph wind gust occurred at the Cody airport.
• Damaging Winds in Nevada, July 22, 202354 kt wind · 2 eventsIsolated strong thunderstorms produced gusty outflow winds across Nevada.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Nebraska, July 22, 20231.75 in hail · 12 eventsScattered supercells moved south from the Sandhills into southwest Nebraska throughout the afternoon and evening of July 22. Multiple reports of large hail and severe winds were received across several counties.
• Hail in Minnesota, July 22, 20231.5 in hail · 10 eventsA cluster of storms moved through the Upper Mississippi River Valley during the evening hours of July 22nd. The line of storms spanned from Mower to Houston County with stronger storms along the western portion of the line.
• Hail in Nebraska, July 22, 20234.25 in hail · 6 eventsIn the afternoon of the 22nd, discrete supercells formed in southwest Nebraska. These cells produced hail of over four inches in diameter.

Every billion-dollar disasterEvery storm of 2023Tornadoes in 2023

NOAA NCEI, U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters (2025), https://doi.org/10.25921/stkw-7w73, and the Storm Events Database for the episodes.