Central and Northeast Severe Weather
One of the severe storm disasters on NOAA’s billion-dollar list: $1.5 billion in losses at 2024 prices ($1.2 billion at the time) and 1 deaths.
What the offices filed during it
The 346 most significant severe storm episodes filed in these dates, colored by kind.
- Tornadoes
- Tropical storms and surge
- Floods
- Wind
- Hail
- Winter weather
- Heat and drought
- Cold
- Fire, smoke and dust
- Marine and coastal
- Other
The toll
- Losses, 2024 dollars
- $1.5 billion
- Losses at the time
- $1.2 billion
- Deaths
- 1
The losses and deaths are NCEI’s, counting everything the disaster did. The episodes below are only what the Weather Service filed in its Storm Events record, which counts damage differently and often not at all, so the two never add up and are shown apart.
By state, as filed
| State | Events | Deaths | Injuries | Damage filed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey | 51 | 0 | 6 | $32 million |
| Illinois | 102 | 0 | 14 | $27 million |
| Iowa | 366 | 1 | 4 | $13 million |
| Ohio | 80 | 0 | 0 | $7.0 million |
| Georgia | 92 | 0 | 0 | $6.9 million |
| Pennsylvania | 134 | 1 | 9 | $5.4 million |
| Michigan | 26 | 0 | 7 | $4.7 million |
| North Dakota | 78 | 0 | 0 | $2.9 million |
| South Dakota | 180 | 0 | 1 | $2.9 million |
| Florida | 67 | 1 | 2 | $2.3 million |
| Nebraska | 120 | 0 | 0 | $1.7 million |
| Wisconsin | 42 | 0 | 0 | $1.3 million |
| West Virginia | 60 | 0 | 0 | $1.2 million |
| Texas | 16 | 0 | 0 | $676,000 |
| Mississippi | 46 | 0 | 0 | $480,000 |
| Virginia | 184 | 0 | 0 | $452,000 |
| South Carolina | 120 | 1 | 0 | $392,000 |
| New York | 60 | 0 | 0 | $390,000 |
| Indiana | 54 | 2 | 2 | $340,000 |
| Massachusetts | 27 | 0 | 0 | $294,000 |
| North Carolina | 115 | 1 | 0 | $239,000 |
| Minnesota | 48 | 0 | 0 | $225,000 |
| Missouri | 167 | 2 | 0 | $221,000 |
| Kentucky | 113 | 0 | 0 | $204,000 |
| Maryland | 135 | 1 | 0 | $193,000 |
| Connecticut | 22 | 0 | 0 | $193,000 |
| Arkansas | 30 | 0 | 0 | $175,000 |
| Delaware | 17 | 0 | 0 | $130,000 |
| Rhode Island | 8 | 0 | 0 | $97,000 |
| Oklahoma | 14 | 0 | 0 | $85,000 |
| Kansas | 66 | 0 | 0 | $76,000 |
| Colorado | 45 | 0 | 18 | $75,000 |
| Wyoming | 47 | 0 | 0 | $58,000 |
| Louisiana | 17 | 0 | 0 | $54,000 |
| Tennessee | 46 | 0 | 0 | $52,000 |
| Alabama | 60 | 2 | 0 | $49,000 |
| New Mexico | 6 | 0 | 0 | $26,000 |
| Arizona | 6 | 0 | 0 | $17,000 |
| Puerto Rico | 12 | 0 | 1 | $6,000 |
| Alaska | 1 | 0 | 0 | $5,000 |
| District of Columbia | 1 | 0 | 0 | $2,000 |
| Montana | 25 | 0 | 0 | |
| New Hampshire | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Maine | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vermont | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Utah | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Episode by episode
- Hail in Wyoming, June 19, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over northeastern Campbell County and tracked across Crook County, producing quarter sized hail in Pine Haven.
- Hail in Minnesota, June 19, 2015Thunderstorms produced large hail in Rock and Nobles Counties in southwest Minnesota during the early evening of June 19th.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Wyoming, June 19, 2015A severe thunderstorm tracked southeast from Montana across northeastern Crook County, bringing large hail and strong wind gusts to the Colony area before moving into South Dakota.
- Damaging Wind in South Carolina, June 19, 2015Isolated thunderstorms developed during the evening across the extreme northern South Carolina Piedmont. One storm produced brief damaging winds across Cherokee County.
- Tornado and Hail in South Dakota, June 19, 2015A long-lived complex of severe thunderstorms tracked from southeastern Montana across northwestern South Dakota. The strongest storms produced hail to six inches in diameter, wind gusts over 80 mph, and a tornado in southern Meade County.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Wyoming, June 19, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over western Crook County, producing hail and strong wind gusts before moving into South Dakota.
- Flash Flood in Mississippi, June 19, 2015The remnants of Tropical Storm Bill moved north of the region on June 19, 2015. Numerous bands of showers and thunderstorms moved across North Mississippi producing locally heavy rain and isolated flash flooding.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Wyoming, June 19, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over northern Campbell County and tracked southeastward into Crook County.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 19, 2015A line of severe thunderstorms dropped large hail as they tracked southeastward across the Black Hills during the evening.
- Damaging Wind in South Dakota, June 19, 2015Strong wind gusts accompanied a severe thunderstorm over southern Ziebach County.
- Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 20, 2015Strong wind gusts accompanied early morning severe thunderstorms across Tripp County.
- Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 20, 2015Thunderstorms produced damaging winds across southeast South Dakota, mostly near Interstate 90 from Chamberlain to east of Sioux Falls, during the darkness hours after midnight on June 20th.
- Damaging Winds in Nebraska, June 20, 2015A line of thunderstorms moved into north central Nebraska and produced winds up to 69 miles per hour.
- Damaging Winds in Nebraska, June 20, 2015A strong complex of thunderstorms moved across southern South Dakota during the evening of June 19th, and into the early morning hours of June 20th.
- Damaging Winds in Minnesota, June 20, 2015Thunderstorms produced damaging winds at several locations in southwest Minnesota during the predawn hours of June 20th.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Minnesota, June 20, 2015A thunderstorm complex that developed across South Dakota, moved into southwest Minnesota during the early morning hours of Saturday, June 20th. There were several reports of large branches and a few trees blown down across Brown County.
- Tornadoes and Hail in Iowa, June 20, 2015Widespread severe thunderstorms from the late morning through the evening hours June 20th, produced large hail, damaging winds, and heavy rains. In addition 4 tornadoes occurred. One tornado resulted in 2 injuries when a house was destroyed.
- Damaging Wind in Florida, June 20, 2015Thunderstorms developed along sea breeze boundaries along the west coast of central Florida during the early afternoon. One of these storms caused downburst winds that uprooted or snapped several large trees.
- Flash Flood and Heavy Rain in Ohio, June 20, 2015The remnants of Tropical Storm Bill moved east up the Ohio Valley producing very heavy rainfall and flooding across the region.
- Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in West Virginia, June 20, 2015The remnants of what was Tropical Storm Bill moved east, through northern Kentucky during the morning hours, reaching the West Virginia border between Huntington and Point Pleasant during the late afternoon.
- Tornado and Flash Flooding in Ohio, June 20, 2015The remnants of what was Tropical Storm Bill moved east, through northern Kentucky during the morning hours, reaching near Portsmouth during the mid afternoon hours. Showers were more persistent from northern Vinton County and the Hocking River Valley on north.
- Damaging Winds in Georgia, June 20 to 21, 2015A weak stationary front stalled across the region combined with a weak upper-level short wave to produce isolated to scattered strong thunderstorms across North and Central Georgia, with a few reports of damaging thunderstorms winds each afternoon.
- Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in West Virginia, June 20, 2015The remnants of tropical System Bill moved across the upper Ohio valley bringing scattered severe thunderstorms and isolated flash flooding.
- Flash Flooding and Damaging Wind in Ohio, June 20 to 21, 2015The remnants of tropical System Bill moved across the upper Ohio valley bringing scattered severe thunderstorms and isolated flash flooding.
- Hail in Wisconsin, June 20, 2015A surge of warm, humid, unstable air into southern WI resulted in scattered thunderstorms over the area. One storm produced severe hail.
- Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 20, 2015Scattered thunderstorms developed across Upstate South Carolina during the afternoon. While most of the severe weather occurred in North Carolina, brief severe storms affected portions of the Piedmont.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 20, 2015Scattered thunderstorms developed over eastern North Carolina along the inland moving sea breeze during the afternoon and evening of June 20th 2015. a couple of the storms became severe producing large hail and damaging winds.
- Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 20, 2015Scattered thunderstorms developed over Upstate South Carolina during mid-afternoon and organized into clusters as they moved into the North Carolina Piedmont during late afternoon and evening. These clusters produced strong to severe wind gusts across the southern Piedmont.
- Damaging Wind in Texas, June 20, 2015A pulse severe thunderstorm produced some wind damage.
- Damaging Winds in Maryland, June 20, 2015The remnants of tropical System Bill moved across the upper Ohio valley bringing scattered severe thunderstorms and isolated flash flooding.
- Tornado and Damaging Winds in Maryland, June 20, 2015A stalled frontal boundary acted as the triggering point for an initial line of showers and thunderstorms, with many of the storms becoming severe with strong moisture advection combining with diurnal heating and leading to an unstable air mass.
- Damaging Winds in Virginia, June 20, 2015A few severe thunderstorms developed during the afternoon and evening as the outer bands of the remnants of Tropical Depression Bill made their way across the Piedmont, encountering strong surface heating.
- Flash Flood and Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, June 20, 2015The remnants of tropical System Bill moved across the upper Ohio valley bringing scattered severe thunderstorms and isolated flash flooding.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in North Dakota, June 20, 2015A short wave moving through the region resulted in isolated thunderstorms developing over north central North Dakota. Two storms became severe. The first developed over southern Pierce County and tracked southeastward towards Foster County.
- Flash Flood and Hail in Illinois, June 20, 2015Widespread severe thunderstorms from the late morning through the evening hours June 20th, produced large hail, damaging winds, and heavy rains.
- Damaging Winds in West Virginia, June 20, 2015A stalled frontal boundary acted as the triggering point for an initial line of showers and thunderstorms, with many of the storms becoming severe with strong moisture advection combining with diurnal heating and leading to an unstable air mass.
- Tornadoes and Hail in North Dakota, June 20, 2015Afternoon temperatures rose into the upper 70s to around 80 with dew point values in the mid to upper 50s over most of western and central North Dakota. Temperatures were much cooler over eastern North Dakota, or in the mid to upper 60s.
- Flash Flood and Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, June 20, 2015The remnants of Tropical Storm Bill pushed up the Ohio Valley and across southern Pennsylvania on June 20th, 2015.
- Damaging Wind in North Carolina, June 20, 2015A few severe thunderstorms developed during the afternoon and evening as the outer bands of the remnants of Tropical Depression Bill made their way across the Piedmont, encountering strong surface heating.
- Tornadoes and Hail in Iowa, June 20, 2015A low pressure system moved into the state during the day, dragging behind it a cold front that helped trigger off storms across portions of central and southern Iowa. Hail, damaging winds and a tornado occurred with the storms.
- Tornado and Damaging Winds in Virginia, June 20, 2015A stalled frontal boundary acted as the triggering point for an initial line of showers and thunderstorms, with many of the storms becoming severe with strong moisture advection combining with diurnal heating and leading to an unstable air mass.
- Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 20, 2015The remnants of Tropical Storm Bill moved across the Mid-Atlantic region, helping to produce scattered to numerous storms across the northern half of central North Carolina. Some of these storms became severe and produced wind damage.
- Tornado and Hail in Virginia, June 20, 2015Scattered severe thunderstorms in advance of low pressure and a weak cold front produced damaging winds, large hail, and one weak tornado across portions of central and eastern Virginia.
- Hail in Florida, June 20, 2015The collision of the east and west coast sea breezes across the interior of east-central Florida led to the development of severe storms. Quarter sized hail was reported with storms in Eustis, and near Harmony in Osceola County.
- Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 20, 2015A couple of severe storms took down trees in areas of Saluda County and western Lexington County.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in South Dakota, June 20, 2015A thunderstorm strengthened and produced large hail and strong wind gusts over Ziebach County.
- Hail in Wyoming, June 20, 2015A supercell thunderstorm developed over northwestern Weston County and tracked southeastward across the county and eventually into South Dakota. The storm produced large hail along its path.
- Hail in Wyoming, June 20, 2015A thunderstorm developed over northeastern Weston County and produced nickel sized near Buckhorn before moving into South Dakota and becoming severe.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 20, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over eastern Meade County and tracked eastward across central Ziebach County, producing large hail and strong wind gusts.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 20, 2015A severe thunderstorm produced quarter sized hail in the Creighton and Cottonwood areas.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Illinois, June 20, 2015A line of thunderstorms produced a few sporadic reports of severe weather.
- Hail and Lightning Strike in South Dakota, June 20, 2015A thunderstorm briefly became severe over the central Black Hills and produced large hail near Silver City.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 20, 2015A long-lived severe thunderstorm moved from northeastern Wyoming across southwestern South Dakota, producing large hail over portions of Fall River and Shannon Counties.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Missouri, June 20 to 22, 2015On the evening of June 20, an MCS was moving southeastward out of Iowa, into northeastern Missouri. Widespread thunderstorms formed on the southern flank of the original MCS causing widespread thunderstorm wind damage and some large hail up to the size of golf balls.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 20, 2015A severe thunderstorm produced quarter sized hail over southeastern Perkins and northern Ziebach Counties.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 20, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed on the west side of the Black Hills and tracked northeastward across the northern Black Hills and into Meade County, producing large hail and strong wind gusts.
- Damaging Wind in Missouri, June 20, 2015Widespread severe thunderstorms from the late morning through the evening hours June 20th, produced large hail, damaging winds, and heavy rains.
- Flash Flooding and Flooding in Virginia, June 20 to 21, 2015Remnants of Tropical Storm Bill moved into the Mid-Atlantic causing moisture to increase. Showers and thunderstorms led to heavy rain across the Interstate 95 corridor and flash flooding occurred. Some rivers also went to flood into June 21, 2015.
- Flash Flooding and Flooding in Maryland, June 20 to 21, 2015Remnants of Tropical Storm Bill moved into the Mid-Atlantic causing moisture to increase. Showers and thunderstorms led to heavy rain across the Interstate 95 corridor and flash flooding occurred. Some rivers also went to flood into June 21, 2015.
- Damaging Wind in District of Columbia, June 20, 2015A stalled frontal boundary acted as the triggering point for an initial line of showers and thunderstorms, with many of the storms becoming severe with strong moisture advection combining with diurnal heating and leading to an unstable air mass.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Nebraska, June 20 to 21, 2015Severe thunderstorms developed across northwest Nebraska during the late evening hours on June 20th and continued overnight as storms moved southeast. The storms produced large hail up to the size of softballs and damaging winds.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Illinois, June 20, 2015A cold front interacting with a warm and humid airmass triggered strong to severe thunderstorms across parts of central Illinois during the evening of June 20th.
- Damaging Winds in Maryland, June 20, 2015A line of strong to severe thunderstorms moved across the Eastern Shore during the late evening on the 20th. This line formed in the warm sector just to the south of a warm front.
- Damaging Winds in Delaware, June 20, 2015A line of strong to severe thunderstorms moved across Delaware during the evening and overnight of the 20th. The strongest thunderstorms affected Sussex County.
- Flash Flooding and Damaging Wind in Missouri, June 20 to 21, 2015A cold front moved into the region and stalled out, triggering showers and thunderstorms. A number of thunderstorms developed across northern Missouri and west central Illinois. Heavy rain from the storms caused flash flooding across the region.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Indiana, June 20 to 21, 2015Thunderstorms moved into central Indiana during the early morning hours of June 21. These storms produced wind damage across northern sections of the area. Numerous trees and power lines were downed, and some the trees fell on homes causing significant damage.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in South Dakota, June 20 to 21, 2015A thunderstorm became severe over the northern Black Hills and tracked southeastward across southwestern South Dakota into Nebraska during the night. The storm produced golf ball sized hail and gusty winds, which caused damage.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 20, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over Shannon County during the overnight hours and produced hail to golf ball size before moving into Nebraska.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 20 to 21, 2015A thunderstorm became severe over northwestern Shannon County and moved southeastward, producing large hail from south of Red Shirt to Batesland.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 21, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over the southern Black Hills, producing hail to golf ball size from Pringle to Buffalo Gap.
- Flash Flood in Illinois, June 21, 2015A cold front moved into the region and stalled out, triggering showers and thunderstorms. A number of thunderstorms developed across northern Missouri and west central Illinois. Heavy rain from the storms caused flash flooding across the region.
- Flash Flooding and Flooding in Texas, June 21 to 22, 2015Persistent showers and thunderstorms occurred over the northeastern counties of North Texas where a weak upper level trough was located. The heavy rainfall resulted in some flash flooding north to east of DFW.
- Hail in Nebraska, June 21, 2015A severe thunderstorm, that had a history of producing large hail, moved over Red Willow county during the mid morning. Quarter size hail was reported near Indianola from this storm.
- Flash Flooding and Heavy Rain in Oklahoma, June 21, 2015Storms developed in eastern Texas the morning of the 21st. These storms developed slowly westward, bringing flooding rains to south central Oklahoma.
- Hail in Kansas, June 21, 2015On the morning of the 21st a line of thunderstorms moved through northeast KS. Some of these storms were able to produce large hail.
- Hail in Montana, June 21, 2015An unstable atmosphere, favorable winds, and plentiful surface moisture combined to allow severe thunderstorms to develop along and near an advancing frontal system through eastern Montana.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Kentucky, June 21, 2015Strong to severe thunderstorms affected eastern Kentucky yet again on June 21, 2015. The storms formed in a very moist and unstable air mass that was situated over the Ohio and Tennessee valley regions.
- Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in Florida, June 21, 2015A surface ridge axis was south of the region with a dominate west coast sea breeze regime and deep moisture in place from the Gulf Coast region. Storm coverage focused toward the I-95 corridor in the late afternoon and evening where damaging downburst winds occurred.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in North Dakota, June 21, 2015A surface low pressure system which developed over eastern Montana combined with a strong short wave to produce thunderstorms throughout the region. Many storms became severe with very strong instability and shear noted.
- Flash Flooding in Texas, June 21 to 22, 2015Isolated thunderstorms formed in southerly flow in a moist, conditionally unstable airmass on consecutive days. A few of these storms produced heavy rain that led to flash flooding.
- Hail in West Virginia, June 21, 2015Upper level ridging became established across the central Plains, with upper level troughing observed across the Great Lakes region, resulting in west northwesterly wind flow aloft for the central Appalachians.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Virginia, June 21, 2015Upper level ridging became established across the central Plains, with upper level troughing observed across the Great Lakes region, resulting in west northwesterly wind flow aloft for the central Appalachians.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Virginia, June 21, 2015A moderately unstable atmosphere developed across the region during the afternoon. Severe convection resulting in wind damage with limited hail production occurred just ahead of an outflow boundary that formed across the Ohio Valley earlier in the day.
- Damaging Wind in New Jersey, June 21, 2015Scattered strong thunderstorms moved through western New Jersey during the afternoon and evening of the 21st. An isolated severe thunderstorm occurred in Sussex County.
- Damaging Wind in Pennsylvania, June 21, 2015Scattered thunderstorms developed across western Pennsylvania as a cold front crossed the region. An isolated severe thunderstorm was reported.
- Damaging Wind in Mississippi, June 21, 2015An isolated, pulse severe thunderstorm produced minor damage in Greene County Mississippi on the afternoon of June 21st.
- Damaging Wind in New Jersey, June 21, 2015A passing cold front triggered an isolated severe thunderstorm over eastern Passaic County.
- Tornado and Hail in Montana, June 21, 2015A strong upper level wave moved across Eastern Montana during the afternoon and evening hours of the 16th. An axis of instability combined with strong and low, deep layer shear and high dewpoints resulted in a very unstable environment.
- Damaging Wind in New York, June 21, 2015Ahead of a cold front, a line of heavy showers and embedded thunderstorms moved across eastern New York during the late afternoon and early evening hours on Sunday, June 21st.
- Damaging Wind and Heavy Rain in Illinois, June 21, 2015Isolated thunderstorms formed along an old thunderstorm outflow boundary over southern Illinois. The storms expanded in coverage as they moved southeast into western Kentucky. A few storms produced gusty winds and very heavy rain.
- Hail in West Virginia, June 21, 2015Daytime heating in a humid environment helped form a few thunderstorms during the mid afternoon into the early evening.
- Damaging Winds in Arkansas, June 21, 2015A weak shear axis in the wake of the remnants of Tropical Storm Bill was situated across Southwest Arkansas on June 21st.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in North Carolina, June 21, 2015An isolated storm developed near the Buncombe/Henderson County line during the evening and quickly became severe, producing damaging winds and brief large hail.
- Damaging Winds in Indiana, June 21, 2015A tornado-warned storm pushed southeast across Patricksburg and near Freedom in Owen County on the evening of the 21st of June. Reports of large tree limbs being down came in as this storm moved across Owen County.
- Damaging Winds in Tennessee, June 21, 2015A moderately unstable atmosphere developed across the region during the afternoon. Severe convection resulting in wind damage with limited hail production occurred just ahead of an outflow boundary that formed across the Ohio Valley earlier in the day.
- Hail in Iowa, June 21, 2015A lingering stationary front was draped across far southern Iowa that helped to initiate a few storms and hail reports.
- Damaging Wind in New Mexico, June 21, 2015The dryline was located just east of the Rio Grande Valley with northeast flow aloft which allowed some storms to develop off the higher terrain of Dona Ana County and move southwest into Las Cruces. Some wind damage was reported on the NMSU campus from a dying thunderstorm.
- Tornadoes and Hail in South Dakota, June 21, 2015A long-lived supercell thunderstorm moved across far northern Harding County, central Perkins County, and northern Ziebach County. The storm produced large hail along its track and several tornadoes over northern Perkins and Ziebach Counties.
- Damaging Wind in North Carolina, June 21, 2015Upper level ridging became established across the central Plains, with upper level troughing observed across the Great Lakes region, resulting in west northwesterly wind flow aloft for the central Appalachians.
- Flash Flood and Heavy Rain in Indiana, June 21 to 22, 2015Isolated thunderstorms formed along an old thunderstorm outflow boundary over southern Illinois and western Kentucky. The storms congealed into a mass of heavy rain as they propagated east across southwest Indiana in the evening.
- Flash Flood and Hail in Kentucky, June 21, 2015Isolated thunderstorms formed along an old thunderstorm outflow boundary over southern Illinois. The storms expanded in coverage as they moved southeast into western Kentucky. A few storms produced gusty winds and hail.
- Damaging Winds in North Dakota, June 21, 2015A line of showers and thunderstorms tracked from central North Dakota into portions of northwest Minnesota, with the strongest storms traveling along the highway 200 corridor. There were several bowing segments which produced strong winds and a tornado.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 21 to 22, 2015The second windstorm in a few days occurred from the evening of June 21st to the morning of June 22nd. Some of the same areas hit by the June 19th and 20th event were impacted once again.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Wyoming, June 21, 2015Late evening thunderstorms produced large hail and gusty winds across portions of Crook County.
- Flash Flooding in Illinois, June 21 to 22, 2015A very humid airmass interacted with lingering outflow boundaries and a weak upper level disturbance to produce widely scattered thunderstorms in parts of southeast Illinois very late in the evening on June 21st.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 21 to 22, 2015Severe thunderstorms tracked from northeastern Wyoming and across northwestern into south central South Dakota, producing strong winds from Spearfish to Mellette County.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 21, 2015Wind gusts over 60 mph were recorded as a small line of severe thunderstorms developed over the central Black Hills and moved east across the Rapid City area.
- Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 21 to 22, 2015A supercell thunderstorm developed over eastern Jackson County and tracked eastward across south central South Dakota, producing strong wind gusts along Interstate 90.
- Tornado in Minnesota, June 22, 2015A line of showers and thunderstorms tracked from central North Dakota into portions of northwest Minnesota, with the strongest storms traveling along the highway 200 corridor. There were several bowing segments which produced strong winds and a tornado.
- Damaging Winds and High Wind in South Dakota, June 22, 2015Thunderstorms caused damaging winds at numerous locations in southeast South Dakota before sunrise on the morning of June 22nd. Some of the winds spread away from the storms, still at damaging levels despite no longer being directly connected with the storms.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Iowa, June 22, 2015An MCS rolled through northern Iowa in the AM hours bringing with it numerous reports of high/damaging winds and some hail. The damaging winds brought down large tree limbs, power lines, large trees and damaged chicken and hog facilities.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Iowa, June 22, 2015Several rounds of severe thunderstorms moved over Iowa, Illinois, and northern Missouri from the early morning hours through the late evening hours. Many locations saw damaging winds during this multiple round event.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Iowa, June 22, 2015Thunderstorms caused damaging winds at several locations in northwest Iowa from just before to a little after sunrise on the morning of June 22nd. There was also one report of penny size hail.
- Tornado and Hail in Minnesota, June 22, 2015During the early morning hours of Monday, June 22nd, a complex of thunderstorms (classified by some as a weak derecho event) developed across western South Dakota and moved rapidly eastward into southwest Minnesota before daybreak.
- Damaging Winds and High Wind in Minnesota, June 22, 2015Damaging winds, directly and indirectly associated with thunderstorms, were reported at several locations in southwest Minnesota near and a little after sunrise on the morning of June 22nd.
- Tornado and Flash Flooding in Iowa, June 22 to 24, 2015An early morning squall line moved across northeast Iowa on June 22nd. This squall line produced winds of 60 to 70 mph and at least one tornado. The tornado destroyed one farm house near Maynard (Fayette County) causing injuries to both occupants of the house.
- Tornado and Lightning Strike in Florida, June 22, 2015Deep moisture and light flow produced early morning showers and thunderstorms along the Tampa Bay coast. A lightning strike from one of these storms ignited a fire in a condominium building. Thunderstorms later in the afternoon produced a brief lived tornado.
- Hail in Minnesota, June 22, 2015Strong warm air advection and a low level jet led to scattered strong to severe storms over northeast Minnesota.
- Tornadoes and Hail in Wisconsin, June 22, 2015An early morning squall line moved across southwest Wisconsin on June 22nd. This squall line produced winds of 60 to 70 mph and two small tornadoes. The first tornado damaged trees along its path north of Wauzeka (Crawford County).
- Flash Flood and Flooding in Minnesota, June 22 to 23, 2015A line of thunderstorms with very heavy rain moved across southeast Minnesota during the early morning of June 22nd. In the Austin (Mower County) area, over three inches of rain fell in about three hours.
- Damaging Winds in Wisconsin, June 22, 2015A strong surge of warm, moist, and unstable air ahead of an approaching warm front led to a large bow echo with damaging straight line winds across southern WI. Numerous tree damage and some structural damage occurred.
- Flash Flood and Hail in Illinois, June 22, 2015Several rounds of severe thunderstorms moved over Iowa, Illinois, and northern Missouri from the early morning hours through the late evening hours. Many locations saw damaging winds during this multiple round event.
- Tornadoes and Flash Flooding in Illinois, June 22 to 23, 2015During the evening of June 22, twelve tornadoes occurred across northern Illinois, including ten in the WFO Chicago forecast area.
- Tornado and Damaging Winds in Michigan, June 22, 2015A NWS storm survey confirmed that an EF-1 tornado struck Portland in Ionia county between 1:30 pm and 1:36 pm. It had peak winds of 110 mph with a path length a little over 4 miles. The path width was 50 to 100 yards.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Puerto Rico, June 22, 2015A tropical wave combined with an upper level trough to produce scattered to numerous showers with isolated strong thunderstorms. Some thunderstorms produced strong gusty winds and hail.
- Damaging Wind in Tennessee, June 22, 2015Widely scattered showers and thunderstorms spread eastward across Middle Tennessee during the late morning and afternoon hours on June 22. One report of wind damage was received in Humphreys County.
- Damaging Wind in Tennessee, June 22, 2015A few storms developed in a weakly to moderately unstable air mass across the Southern Appalachians. The storms produced limited wind damage and some localized flooding in a couple spots.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in South Carolina, June 22, 2015Pulse convection developed during the afternoon along the seabreeze boundary and as a result of boundary collisions. The airmass was very unstable and there were several reports of hail and one report of wind damage.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Florida, June 22, 2015An upper level ridge dominated over the SE with a surface ridge axis south of the forecast area with a mean layer SW flow in place.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 22, 2015Scattered diurnal thunderstorms developed in the early and middle afternoon hours across southeast South Carolina. Several of these storms became severe, producing large hail and damaging wind gusts.
- Damaging Winds in Florida, June 22 to 24, 2015Scattered summertime convection developed during the afternoon hours with a few storms becoming severe.
- Tornadoes and Damaging Winds in Michigan, June 22 to 23, 2015Two rounds of severe thunderstorms impacted southeast Michigan. First round occurred during the afternoon hours, with the stronger second round occurring around and just after Midnight, spawning four tornadoes.
- Flash Flooding in Tennessee, June 22, 2015Slow moving thunderstorms produced localized heavy rainfall amounts near the mountain tops along the TN/NC state line, upstream from Cosby and Pittman Center. Flash flooding occurred in the Great Smoky Mountains Park, endangering hikers and campers.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 22, 2015Scattered thunderstorms produced large hail and wind damage across the Midlands. Some structural damage occurred to homes and other structures.
- Damaging Wind in Georgia, June 22, 2015An isolated thunderstorm developed near the North Carolina border during the late afternoon and produced brief damaging winds.
- Damaging Winds in Georgia, June 22 to 23, 2015Despite moderate upper-level ridging across the southeastern U.S., strong afternoon heating each afternoon resulted in moderate instability and scattered thunderstorms with several reports of damaging thunderstorm winds.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Ohio, June 22, 2015June 22-23, 2015|A low pressure system moved across the Great Lakes on the evening of Monday, June 22.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 22, 2015Scattered thunderstorms developed across the mountains and foothills during mid-afternoon and moved into the Piedmont during the late afternoon and early evening. A few storms produced damaging winds, mainly across the Piedmont.
- Hail in North Carolina, June 22, 2015Pulse convection developed during the afternoon along the seabreeze boundary and as a result of boundary collisions. The airmass was very unstable and there were a couple of hail reports.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 22 to 24, 2015Thunderstorms produce large hail and damaging winds across portions of the Midlands. One storm severely damaged a few barns at a turkey farm in Fairfield County.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Virginia, June 22, 2015A weak upper level disturbance passing across the region triggered a lone severe thunderstorm along the Virginia and North Carolina state line. Westerly wind flow for the most part maintained a strong capping inversion which kept the coverage of storms isolated.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Georgia, June 22, 2015Scattered diurnal thunderstorms developed in the middle to late afternoon hours across southeast Georgia. Several of these storms became severe, producing large hail and damaging wind gusts.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in South Carolina, June 22, 2015Isolated thunderstorms moved across the South Carolina mountains during the late afternoon. One storm produced brief damaging winds over Oconee County.
- Damaging Wind in Georgia, June 22, 2015Isolated severe thunderstorms produced some wind damage southeast of Augusta.
- Damaging Wind in Virginia, June 22, 2015A weak boundary remaining over the region was the trigger point for diurnally driven thunderstorms, with isolated severe.
- Lightning Strike in Florida, June 22, 2015A moist and unstable environment caused scattered afternoon showers and thunderstorms.
- Tornadoes and Flash Flooding in Iowa, June 22, 2015In the afternoon storms fired up ahead of and along a cold front that was entering Iowa from the northwest. Numerous storms had severe hail, produced damaging winds, and two tornadoes.
- Damaging Winds in Georgia, June 22, 2015An upper level ridge dominated over the SE with a surface ridge axis south of the forecast area with a mean layer SW flow in place.
- Damaging Wind in Wisconsin, June 22, 2015Thunderstorms that developed in moist and unstable ahead of an approaching cold front downed trees in far northern Wisconsin.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Alabama, June 22, 2015An isolated, pulse severe storm developed on the afternoon of June 22nd, resulting in some wind damage and a couple of hail reports in around the city of Mobile.
- Damaging Winds in Georgia, June 22 to 24, 2015Scattered summertime convection developed during the afternoon hours with a few storms becoming severe.
- Hail in Mississippi, June 22, 2015An isolated, pulse severe storm developed on the afternoon of June 22nd, resulting in some hail in southeast Mississippi.
- Damaging Wind in Michigan, June 22, 2015A few severe thunderstorms developed ahead of a cold front near Randville in southern Dickinson County on the evening of the 22nd.
- Tornado in Kansas, June 22, 2015A developing weak thunderstorm produced a landspout that was highly visible from many miles around, with numerous pictures taken.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in New Mexico, June 22, 2015Two isolated thunderstorms that developed over the northern end of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains moved slowly east during the afternoon hours. Outflow boundaries from these two storms advanced eastward toward Interstate 25 and merged with another thunderstorm near Maxwell.
- Tornadoes in Illinois, June 22, 2015Severe thunderstorms produced both significant straight line winds and tornadoes as they moved east through Whiteside County the evening of June 22nd.
- Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Missouri, June 22, 2015Several rounds of severe thunderstorms moved over Iowa, Illinois, and northern Missouri from the early morning hours through the late evening hours. Many locations saw damaging winds during this multiple round event.
- Damaging Wind in Missouri, June 22, 2015A cold front moved through the region, triggering showers and thunderstorms. Some of the storms caused wind damage.
- Damaging Wind in Illinois, June 22, 2015A cold front moved through the region, triggering showers and thunderstorms. Some of the storms caused wind damage.
- Damaging Wind in Arizona, June 22, 2015High pressure over northeast New Mexico resulted in weak east flow aloft. Thunderstorms initiated in northern Sonora Mexico and far southeast Arizona with isolated severe wind gusts in Cochise County.
- Hail in Indiana, June 22, 2015A line of thunderstorms moved into northwestern Indiana.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Indiana, June 23, 2015Significant severe weather occurred in northern Illinois and in Michigan, but avoided northern Illinois. Supercells formed across northern Illinois during the afternoon of June 22 and moved eastward. Storms weakened as they moved into Indiana due warm mid-levels.
- Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Ohio, June 23, 2015In the early morning hours of June 23, a cluster of thunderstorms developed over Lake Erie. These storms moved ashore off of Lake Erie around 4am with extensive tree damage to the immediate lake shore counties around the Cleveland metro area.
- Damaging Winds in New York, June 23, 2015An area of showers and thunderstorms moved across the lower Great Lakes region during the overnight and very early morning hours. The first round of showers moved across southern Ontario and cross the Buffalo area before moving across the Genesee Valley and western Finger Lakes.
- Damaging Wind in Pennsylvania, June 23, 2015In the early morning hours of June 23rd, a cluster of thunderstorms developed over Lake Erie. These storms moved onshore and caused some damage in Erie and Crawford Counties.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, June 23, 2015An organized thunderstorm complex tracked southeast from the Great Lakes and produced wind damage across north-central Pennsylvania during the pre-dawn and early morning hours.
- Damaging Winds in New York, June 23, 2015A shortwave trough moved across the Great Lakes Region Tuesday and the attendant surface low pressure system drifted northeast into central Quebec. This surface low pushed a cold front across the area.
- Flash Flooding and Flood in Pennsylvania, June 23, 2015Showers and thunderstorms were widespread across Western Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia on the 23rd, ahead of a slow moving cold front. Some thunderstorms were severe, with isolated flash flooding as well.
- Hail and Heavy Rain in Iowa, June 23 to 24, 2015The evening of the 23rd and into the AM hours of the 24th a few training storms set up over central Iowa, namely Ames area, and produced locally heavy rainfall and a couple of hail reports.
- Hail and Heavy Rain in Nebraska, June 23, 2015When considering the time of day, this Tuesday featured a somewhat rare type of severe weather event in far southeastern portions of the local area (mainly Thayer County): severe hail-producing storms that didn't initiate until a few hours after sunrise, peaked in intensity…
- Hail in Nebraska, June 23, 2015Thunderstorms developed during the mid to late morning, and continued into the afternoon hours along an elevated warm front near the Kansas and Nebraska border. Due to strong shear along the boundary and sufficient instability, some of the hail was significant and damaging.
- Tornadoes and Hail in Massachusetts, June 23, 2015A strong cold front combined with a remnant of an elevated mixed layer (EML) and a significant amount of deep layer shear and instability to produce showers and thunderstorms across southern New England.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Kansas, June 23, 2015During the day of the 23rd storms produced hail in isolated locations. These storms trained over the same areas which caused flooding.
- Tornado and Hail in Ohio, June 23, 2015Isolated severe thunderstorms developed ahead of a cold front, which was dropping southeast through the region.
- Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in Pennsylvania, June 23, 2015The combination of an unseasonably hot and humid air mass, an approaching cold front and strong winds aloft caused a squall line of severe thunderstorms to move through southeast Pennsylvania during the late afternoon and early evening of the 23rd.
- Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in New Jersey, June 23, 2015The combination of an unseasonably hot and humid air mass, an approaching cold front and strong winds aloft caused a squall line of severe thunderstorms to move through southern New Jersey during the very late afternoon and early evening of the 23rd.
- Hail in Pennsylvania, June 23, 2015A shortwave trough moved across the Great Lakes Region Tuesday and the attendant surface low pressure system drifted northeast into central Quebec. This surface low pushed a cold front across the area.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in West Virginia, June 23, 2015Showers and thunderstorms were widespread across Western Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia on the 23rd, ahead of a slow moving cold front. Some thunderstorms were severe, with isolated flash flooding as well.
- Hail in Kansas, June 23, 2015Northeast Kansas and western Missouri had several consecutive days of severe thunderstorms during the June 21-23 time period. Most of this activity was in western Missouri, but one storm formed in extreme northeast Kansas and provided nickel sized hail.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Alabama, June 23, 2015Isolated, pulse severe thunderstorms developed across southwest and south central Alabama during the afternoon and evening of June 23, 2015.
- Damaging Winds in Mississippi, June 23, 2015Isolated severe thunderstorms developed during the afternoon of the 23rd, producing one report of wind damage.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in New York, June 23, 2015A passing cold front triggered widespread severe thunderstorms across Long Island and isolated severe thunderstorms across the lower Hudson Valley and Queens.
- Damaging Wind in Ohio, June 23, 2015Storms intensified in a narrow line during the afternoon. This was just ahead of a surface cold front.
- Damaging Winds in New York, June 23, 2015A warm front moved northward across eastern New York during the morning hours on Tuesday, June 23rd. Behind this front, a warm and humid air mass moved into the region. As clouds gave way to partial sunshine, the atmosphere became unstable for the afternoon hours.
- Damaging Winds in Connecticut, June 23, 2015A passing cold front triggered multiple severe thunderstorms across the entirety of Southern Connecticut.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Massachusetts, June 23, 2015A warm front moved northward across western Massachusetts during the morning hours on Tuesday, June 23rd. Behind this front, a warm and humid air mass moved into the region. As clouds gave way to partial sunshine, the atmosphere became unstable for the afternoon hours.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Florida, June 23, 2015Isolated, pulse severe thunderstorms developed across northwest Florida during the afternoon and early evening of June 23, 2015.
- Flash Flood in Pennsylvania, June 23, 2015A Flash flood was observed in the Carlisle area of Cumberland County. Several water rescues were noted, include one on Lincoln Street.
- Damaging Winds in Connecticut, June 23, 2015A strong cold front combined with a remnant of an elevated mixed layer (EML) and a significant amount of deep layer shear and instability to produce showers and thunderstorms across southern New England.
- Damaging Wind in New Mexico, June 23, 2015The focus for showers and thunderstorms shifted into western New Mexico as shallow low level moisture advanced westward to the Continental Divide on the 23rd. As the afternoon progressed this activity became more a mixture of wet and dry thunderstorms.
- Damaging Winds in Connecticut, June 23, 2015A warm front moved northward across northwestern Connecticut during the morning hours on Tuesday, June 23rd. Behind this front, a warm and humid air mass moved into the region. As clouds gave way to partial sunshine, the atmosphere became unstable for the afternoon hours.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Maryland, June 23, 2015A cold front moved south through the region. Southerly flow ahead of the front led to an unstable air mass, which combined with steepening mid level lapse rates and increased sheer led to numerous severe thunderstorms being triggered right ahead of the front.
- Damaging Wind in Vermont, June 23, 2015A warm front moved northward across southern Vermont during the morning hours on Tuesday, June 23rd. Behind this front, a warm and humid air mass moved into the region. As clouds gave way to partial sunshine, the atmosphere became unstable for the afternoon hours.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in West Virginia, June 23, 2015A cold front moved south through the region. Southerly flow ahead of the front led to an unstable air mass, which combined with steepening mid level lapse rates and increased sheer led to numerous severe thunderstorms being triggered right ahead of the front.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in New Hampshire, June 23, 2015A strong shortwave swinging in from the west rapidly increased shear across the region ahead of an approaching cold front on the afternoon of June 23rd. Numerous strong to severe cells developed across New Hampshire with wind damage being the main feature of this event.
- Hail in South Carolina, June 23, 2015An isolated thunderstorm developed over central Greenville County late in the afternoon and briefly became severe, producing large hail.
- Damaging Winds in Maryland, June 23, 2015The combination of an unseasonably hot and humid air mass, an approaching cold front and strong winds aloft caused a squall line of strong to severe thunderstorms to move through the Eastern Shore during the late afternoon and early evening of the 23rd.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Virginia, June 23, 2015A cold front moved south through the region. Southerly flow ahead of the front led to an unstable air mass, which combined with steepening mid level lapse rates and increased sheer led to numerous severe thunderstorms being triggered right ahead of the front.
- Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in Rhode Island, June 23, 2015A strong cold front combined with a remnant of an elevated mixed layer (EML) and a significant amount of deep layer shear and instability to produce showers and thunderstorms across southern New England.
- Damaging Winds in Delaware, June 23, 2015The combination of an unseasonably hot and humid air mass, an approaching cold front and strong winds aloft caused a squall line of strong to severe thunderstorms to move through Delaware during the late afternoon and early evening of the 23rd.
- Damaging Winds in Alabama, June 23 to 27, 2015Scattered summertime convection developed during the afternoon hours with a few storms becoming severe.
- Damaging Winds in North Dakota, June 23, 2015A passing upper level jet streak combined with modest instability to produce isolated severe weather in southwest North Dakota.
- Damaging Wind in Louisiana, June 23, 2015Isolated severe thunderstorms developed during the afternoon of the 23rd, producing one report of wind damage.
- Flash Flooding in Maryland, June 23, 2015A cold front moved south through the region. Southerly flow ahead of the front led to an unstable air mass, which combined with steepening mid level lapse rates and increased sheer led to numerous severe thunderstorms being triggered right ahead of the front.
- Hail in West Virginia, June 23, 2015Two distinct convection lines formed during the afternoon and moved southeast during the early evening. There were still gaps between the cells in both lines. One line was well ahead of a surface cold front.
- Damaging Winds in Maine, June 23, 2015A strong shortwave swinging in from the west rapidly increased shear across the region ahead of an approaching cold front on the afternoon of June 23rd. Numerous strong to severe cells developed across southwest Maine with wind damage being the main feature of this event.
- Damaging Wind in Arizona, June 23, 2015A thunderstorm produced very strong winds in St Johns.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 23, 2015An isolated severe thunderstorm in northeast Lexington and northern Richland counties produced large hail and wind damage.
- Damaging Winds in Louisiana, June 23 to 24, 2015A ridge of high pressure remained centered over Texas during the 23rd and 24th while a pair of short waves traveled southwest along the eastern edge of the high. A cluster of storms moved west into Acadiana on the 23rd. Additional storms occurred on the 24th.
- Damaging Winds in Maryland, June 23, 2015Scattered severe thunderstorms in advance of a cold front produced damaging winds across portions of the Lower Maryland Eastern Shore.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Tennessee, June 23 to 24, 2015Scattered showers and thunderstorms moved southeast across Middle Tennessee during the late afternoon and evening hours on June 23. Several reports of large hail, damaging winds, and flash flooding were received.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Montana, June 23 to 24, 2015A couple of isolated severe thunderstorms moved across Southeast Montana during the evening hours of the 23rd into the early morning hours of the 24th.
- Damaging Wind in Florida, June 23, 2015Deep moisture allowed for sea breeze thunderstorms to develop and move across the area during the afternoon and early evening hours. The strongest of these storms produced damaging wind gusts.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Colorado, June 23, 2015A severe thunderstorm produced hail up to quarter size, along with a wind gust to 60 mph.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Tennessee, June 23 to 24, 2015Showers and thunderstorms developed over West Tennessee in response to daytime heating during the evening hours of June 23, 2015.
- Damaging Winds in Virginia, June 23, 2015Scattered severe thunderstorms in advance of a cold front produced damaging winds across portions of eastern Virginia.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Alabama, June 23, 2015A weak short wave in the mid levels combined with an unstable atmosphere to produce several reports of wind damage and a report of large hail in northern Alabama.
- Hail in Wyoming, June 23, 2015Surface dew points approaching 60F combined with a weak upper level disturbance to generate a lone late evening thunderstorm over northern Johnson County. Storm intensity increased rapidly as the cell moved east off the Bighorn Mountains onto the plains near Buffalo.
- Flash Flood and Hail in Mississippi, June 23 to 24, 2015Showers and thunderstorms developed over West Tennessee in response to daytime heating during the evening hours of June 23, 2015.
- Flash Flooding and Flooding in Iowa, June 23 to 25, 2015A slowly northward moving boundary/warm front was draped across the area throughout the day. By the evening vigorous storms fired up just north of the boundary and continued as the low level jet began to pick up. Numerous reports of large hail and damaging winds were reported.
- Hail in Wyoming, June 23, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed north of Gillette and tracked northeastward into northwestern Crook County, producing large hail.
- Damaging Wind in Tennessee, June 23, 2015A weak short wave in the mid levels combined with an unstable atmosphere to produce isolated thunderstorm wind damage in southern middle Tennessee.
- Hail in Nebraska, June 23, 2015Between midnight-5 a.m. CDT on Wednesday the 24th, scattered thunderstorms roamed through the northern half of South Central Nebraska, affecting counties along and especially north of Interstate 80.
- Hail in Wyoming, June 23 to 24, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over central Campbell County and tracked southeastward across Weston County, producing hail to the size of quarters.
- Hail in Wyoming, June 23, 2015A thunderstorm briefly became severe over northwestern Campbell County and dropped quarter sized hail east of Recluse.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 23, 2015A thunderstorm briefly became severe southwest of Rapid City, producing hail quarter sized hail on the south edge of town.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in South Dakota, June 24, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over the central Black Hills and tracked eastward onto the plains. The storm produced hail to golf ball size and strong wind gusts.
- Hail in Nebraska, June 24, 2015Isolated severe thunderstorms developed across Sheridan and northwest Cherry counties during the early morning hours and produced hail up to golf ball size.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 24, 2015An overnight thunderstorm produced quarter sized hail in Oelrichs.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 24, 2015A long-lived supercell thunderstorm moved from northeastern Wyoming across far southwest South Dakota during the late night hours. The storm produced large hail across portions of Custer, Fall River, and Shannon Counties.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in South Dakota, June 24, 2015A thunderstorm briefly became severe over Shannon County, with large hail and strong wind gusts reported at Manderson.
- Lightning Strike in Florida, June 24, 2015Lightning from strong thunderstorms resulted in structural damage to a residence in Santa Rosa County.
- Hail in Wyoming, June 24, 2015A severe thunderstorm developed over east central Campbell County and moved southeast into Weston County, producing large hail over the area.
- Hail in Nebraska, June 24, 2015A thunderstorm produced nickel size hail at Emerson in Dakota County in extreme northeast Nebraska on the morning of June 24th.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Wyoming, June 24, 2015A thunderstorm became severe as it moved from southeastern Montana across Crook County. The storm produced hail and wind gusts to 70 mph over portions of the area.
- Lightning Strike in Florida, June 24, 2015Thunderstorms developed during the early afternoon over Pinellas County as the sea breeze circulation setup. A lightning strike from one of these storms caused minor damage to a residence.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Mississippi, June 24 to 27, 2015Strong to severe storms developed across the area during the afternoon. This was aided by instability from daytime heating along with various outflow boundaries combined with a moist air mass. The severe storms had produced damage in the form of blown down trees and power lines.
- Flash Flood and Hail in Georgia, June 24, 2015Strong afternoon heating and a very moist airmass combined to produce a very unstable atmosphere by the afternoon of the 24th.
- Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in Florida, June 24, 2015A mid level over south Georgia pushed a dominate west coast sea breeze inland where it intersected the east coast sea breeze along the I-95 corridor in the late afternoon. Scattered severe storms with wet microbursts developed.
- Damaging Wind in North Carolina, June 24, 2015Convergence along a weakening cool front along with heating in a moderately unstable air mass resulted in the development of a few severe thunderstorms across Southwest North Carolina.
- Damaging Winds in Georgia, June 24, 2015Numerous thunderstorms developed during early-to-mid afternoon across the northeast Georgia mountains and foothills, then moved slowly south, impacting the Piedmont by late afternoon. Several of the storms produced brief severe weather in the form of damaging winds.
- Flash Flood and Damaging Winds in Tennessee, June 24, 2015Convergence along a weakening cool front along with heating in a moderately unstable air mass resulted in the development of a few severe thunderstorms across Southeast Tennessee.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Georgia, June 24 to 27, 2015A line of thunderstorms moved through the CSRA causing some wind damage...mainly to trees and utility lines.
- Hail in South Dakota, June 24, 2015A severe thunderstorm moved southeast from Crook County, Wyoming toward Spearfish, producing hail to quarter size.
- Flash Flood and Hail in Colorado, June 24, 2015A severe storm produced hail up to the size of golf balls and flash flooding in the Pueblo area.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 24, 2015Isolated to widely scattered thunderstorms developed across western the North Carolina mountains during the afternoon, and across the Piedmont during the evening. A couple of these storms produced brief damaging wind gusts.
- Damaging Wind in Mississippi, June 24, 2015An isolated, pulse severe thunderstorm produced some damage in Stone County during the afternoon of June 24th.
- Lightning Strike in Colorado, June 24, 2015A lightning strike affected five people at a construction site in the northeast part of Colorado Springs. No one was seriously injured.
- Damaging Winds in Mississippi, June 24, 2015An outflow boundary developed from a complex of severe thunderstorms over southern Alabama and Mississippi during the early morning hours of the 24th.
- Flash Flood and Damaging Wind in Louisiana, June 24, 2015An outflow boundary developed from a complex of severe thunderstorms over southern Alabama and Mississippi during the early morning hours of the 24th.
- Damaging Wind in Utah, June 24, 2015A single severe thunderstorm was reported on June 24, producing a strong wind gust in Emery County in eastern Utah.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 24, 2015Isolated to scattered thunderstorms developed across Upstate South Carolina and the eastern Piedmont during the late afternoon and evening.
- Damaging Winds in North Dakota, June 24, 2015A few thunderstorms flared up during the late afternoon of June 24th, producing some strong wind gusts.
- Damaging Wind in Arizona, June 24, 2015High pressure was over the Four Corners area with an inverted trough in Chihuahua, Mexico. Thunderstorms moved off the White Mountains in weak northeast flow aloft and became severe across Graham County while other storms occurred in Cochise County.
- Tornado and Flash Flood in Colorado, June 24 to 25, 2015Two colliding outflow boundaries merged over east Denver and northwest Aurora at the height of rush hour. The collision quickly spawned a severe thunderstorm that produced an EF1 tornado, damaging hail, torrential rain and flash flooding.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Alabama, June 24, 2015An upper high centered over Arkansas produced north to northeast flow across Alabama. A weak upper impulse over Georgia moved down the eastern side of the high and triggered a meso-scale convective system over east Alabama.
- Hail in Minnesota, June 24, 2015A thunderstorms dropped hail in Itasca County.
- Damaging Winds in Louisiana, June 24, 2015Several complexes of strong to severe storms developed during the afternoon. This was aided by instability from daytime heating along with mesoscale processes from outflow boundaries combined with a moist air mass.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 24, 2015A strongly unstable environment produced afternoon convection along the seabreeze. These storms later propagated southwest along colliding outflow boundaries. The storms were prolific lightning producers with echo tops 10 kft beyond the computed equilibrium level.
- Hail in Iowa, June 24, 2015A volatile atmosphere developed over western Iowa during the afternoon of June 24th with the juxtaposition of high instability, strong wind shear, and a warm front in the area.
- Tornado and Hail in North Dakota, June 24, 2015A persistent upper level jet combined with ample low level moisture to produce isolated severe thunderstorms over west central North Dakota. The largest hail was in Mercer County where half dollar size hail fell.
- Damaging Wind in Louisiana, June 24, 2015A strong upper level ridge was present across the Central Plains and the Mid Atlantic Region of the country.
- Hail in Michigan, June 24, 2015Isolated severe thunderstorms developing along lake breeze boundaries produced large hail near Nisula and Alston in Houghton County on the evening of the 24th.
- Lightning Strike in Alaska, June 24 to 25, 2015A thermal trough helped produce numerous thunderstorms during the afternoon of June 24th. Lightning from one of these thunderstorms struck a residence in Healy, Alaska.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Iowa, June 24, 2015Late evening storms became severe over eastern Iowa the evening of June 24th, as storms progressed south, the hail threat transitioned to very heavy rainfall, and flash flooding. Wind damage also occurred overnight as the storms pushed into northeast Missouri.
- Damaging Winds in Alabama, June 24, 2015An isolated, pulse severe thunderstorm produced damage in Wilcox County during the late evening of June 24th.
- Flash Flooding and Flood in Missouri, June 24 to 26, 2015Widespread wind, hail, and flooding occurred, starting overnight on the 24th into the 25th. While flooding was the biggest problem, mainly in Missouri for the morning of the 25th, severe weather moved in and brought a wide area of severe reports across the area.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 24 to 25, 2015Numerous showers and thunderstorms developed after midnight following an afternoon where the atmosphere was sufficiently capped. Thunderstorms developed along mesoscale boundaries and produced damaging wind gusts and even some hail.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Missouri, June 24 to 25, 2015Late evening storms became severe over eastern Iowa the evening of June 24th, as storms progressed south, the hail threat transitioned to very heavy rainfall, and flash flooding. Wind damage also occurred overnight as the storms pushed into northeast Missouri.
- Hail in Wyoming, June 25, 2015A severe thunderstorm moved across southern Campbell County during the night, producing large hail.
- Tornado and Hail in Wyoming, June 25, 2015Thunderstorms over east central and southeast Wyoming produced large hail, strong winds, heavy rain and a weak tornado.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Indiana, June 25, 2015A northeast to southwest oriented line of thunderstorms moved east-southeast from west-central Indiana into central Indiana during the morning hours of June 25th. These storms produced a singular wind damage and small hail report.
- Flash Flood in Illinois, June 25, 2015Early morning, elevated thunderstorms developed north of a nearly stationary front, which extended from low pressure in northwest Missouri to the lower Ohio Valley.
- Flash Flooding in Missouri, June 25, 2015A complex of storms developed over northern Missouri and tracked to the east, dumping a lot of rain over northeastern Missouri. There were numerous reports of flash flooding over Knox and Lewis counties.
- Flash Flood and Flood in Wyoming, June 25 to 26, 2015One to three inches of rain fell across southern Campbell and Weston Counties. Runoff caused flooding, which washed out a few roads in southern Weston County.
- Hail in Kentucky, June 25, 2015A large overnight thunderstorm complex moved eastward into the region.
- Flash Flood and Hail in North Dakota, June 25, 2015A variety of weak short waves moving through the region resulted in multiple thunderstorms developing. Initial storms in the mid-afternoon produced multiple funnel clouds, with large hail developing by late afternoon.
- Tornado and Flash Flooding in Nebraska, June 25, 2015Thunderstorms over the western Nebraska Panhandle produced very heavy rain, strong winds, a weak tornado and numerous reports of large hail.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Florida, June 25, 2015Strong thunderstorms developed along the east and west coast sea breezes as they moved inland during the afternoon. Nickel sized hail was reported with a strong storm along the east coast sea breeze over northern Brevard County.
- Damaging Winds in South Dakota, June 25, 2015A thunderstorm became severe as it tracked across the eastern slopes of the central Black Hills, producing strong wind gusts from Keystone to near Hermosa.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Nebraska, June 25, 2015Severe thunderstorms developed during the afternoon hours in Sheridan County and moved southward through the eastern panhandle and portions of southwest Nebraska during the evening hours.
- Damaging Wind in Florida, June 25, 2015Deep moisture and weak flow over central Florida led to scattered to numerous thunderstorms developing during the afternoon and early evening hours. One of these storms produced a damaging wind gust.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Arizona, June 25, 2015High pressure was near the Four Corners area along with northeasterly steering flow around 20 kts. Thunderstorm winds uprooted trees in Benson and Tucson.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Virginia, June 25, 2015An upper level disturbance passed across the Piedmont during the evening of June 25th. Westerly windflow across the region and minimal cloud cover allowed afternoon temperatures to reach into the 90s east of the Blue Ridge.
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Georgia, June 25, 2015Despite only marginal instability and weak upper-level ridging over the region, an isolated severe thunderstorm was able to develop in Bartow County producing a report of damaging winds and large hail.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 25 to 26, 2015A stalled cold front during the morning lifted northward in the afternoon. Several rounds of storms develop in the vicinity of the front. Some of the storms became severe and produced severe hail and damaging winds, along with localized flash flooding.
- Damaging Winds in Indiana, June 25, 2015Scattered showers developed across northern Indiana and far southern Lower Michigan with one cell intensifying, eventually taking on a supercellular structure.
- Hail in Colorado, June 25, 2015Severe thunderstorms developed late in the afternoon and continued in the late evening hours. The largest hail occurred near Aurora and Keenseburg, with hail up to tennis ball size or 2.5 inches in diameter. Elsewhere, the hail size ranged from nickel to half dollar size.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 25, 2015Scattered severe thunderstorms associated with a warm front produced damaging winds and large hail across portions of northeast North Carolina.
- Hail in Kentucky, June 25, 2015Thunderstorms formed during the late afternoon in western Carter County. Additional storms formed during the evening. These storms quickly pulsed to severe limits as they moved southeast.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Kentucky, June 25, 2015Strong to severe thunderstorms rolled across portions of eastern KY on June 25, 2015. Some of these storms dropped quarter sized hail.
- Damaging Wind in Georgia, June 25, 2015Numerous showers and thunderstorms developed after midnight following an afternoon where the atmosphere was sufficiently capped. Thunderstorms developed along mesoscale boundaries and produced damaging wind gusts and even some hail.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Illinois, June 25 to 26, 2015A frontal boundary was slowly sinking south across forecast area. Several rounds of storms developed and moved east along the front dumping up to 8 inches of rain in a 24 hour period from 7 am June 25th to 7 am June 26th.
- Tornado and Hail in Kansas, June 25 to 28, 2015An MCS in northwest flow aloft moved out across the plains. Early on though widely scattered thunderstorms in a very unstable airmass were able to produce severe weather, including a landspout tornado that was highly visible and which moved across a lake.
- Hail in Colorado, June 25, 2015A few severe storms produced quarter size hail.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Kentucky, June 25 to 29, 2015A very warm and unstable air mass brought a few rounds of severe thunderstorms to central Kentucky, starting during the evening hours Thursday June 25th. Isolated storms developed first, producing some sporadic wind damage.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Missouri, June 25 to 26, 2015A frontal boundary was slowly sinking south across forecast area. Several rounds of storms developed and moved east along the front dumping up to 8 inches of rain in a 24 hour period from 7 am June 25th to 7 am June 26th.
- Hail and Lightning Strike in Colorado, June 25 to 28, 2015A lightning strike injured several hikers as they were descending from the summit of Mt Bierstadt. Severe thunderstorms produced hail, from quarter to half dollar size, over parts of Arapahoe, Elbert and Weld Counties.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 25, 2015A severe thunderstorm over northeast Richland and western Kershaw county produced some large hail and wind damage.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Kansas, June 25, 2015On the evening of June 25th, a severe thunderstorm hit Barton County with hail as large as tennis balls and winds around 70 mph.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Virginia, June 25, 2015A potent upper level disturbance moving through the Great Lakes lifted the associated surface warm front through during the day, eventually stalling near the Mason-Dixon line.
- Damaging Wind in New Mexico, June 25, 2015Isolated to scattered storms developed along and east of the central mountains and slowly drifted to the southeast through the evening.
- Damaging Wind in North Carolina, June 25, 2015Scattered showers and thunderstorms developed along a stalled front over the northern portion of eastern North Carolina during the evening of June 25th 2015. One of the storms produced damaging winds across Washington County.
- Hail in West Virginia, June 25, 2015Thunderstorms formed during the late afternoon in northeast Kentucky. Additional storms formed during the evening. These storms moved southeast into southern West Virginia.
- Damaging Winds in Illinois, June 25, 2015Severe thunderstorms developed within an increasingly unstable air mass to the south of a cold front. Moderate vertical wind shear supported organized southeastward-moving storms with damaging winds.
- Flash Flood and Damaging Winds in Missouri, June 25 to 26, 2015A cold front moved through the Missouri Ozarks and developed a few severe thunderstorms with damaging wind gusts.
- Hail in Kansas, June 25, 2015Shortly after sunset on this Thursday evening, between 9:00-9:30 p.m. CDT, a southwest-to-northeast corridor of strong to marginally severe multicell storms ignited over the heart of this six-county North Central Kansas area.
- Flash Flooding in Illinois, June 25 to 26, 2015Clusters of thunderstorms developed along a nearly stationary frontal boundary extending along the I-70 corridor during the late evening of June 25th. Many of the storms produced high rainfall rates, depositing between 2 and 5 inches of rain in a short amount of time.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Indiana, June 25 to 26, 2015A very warm and unstable air mass brought a few rounds of severe thunderstorms to southern Indiana, starting during the evening hours Thursday June 25th. Isolated storms developed first, producing some sporadic wind damage.
- Damaging Wind in Kansas, June 25, 2015During the late evening a severe thunderstorm moved south through Sherman county. As the storm approached Goodland wind speeds increased to 58 MPH.
- Damaging Winds in Kansas, June 25 to 26, 2015During the early morning hours of the 26th a line of storms formed in northern KS. As the storms moved to the southeast they produced isolated areas of severe wind gusts.
- Damaging Winds in Kansas, June 26, 2015Widespread wind, hail, and flooding occurred, starting overnight on the 24th into the 25th. While flooding was the biggest problem, mainly in Missouri for the morning of the 25th, severe weather moved in and brought a wide area of severe reports across the area.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Kentucky, June 26, 2015Severe weather struck eastern Kentucky once again on June 26, 2015. The first strong to severe storms began rolling through the area around 330 am on the 26th. The event finally came to an end around 630 pm on June 26th.
- Damaging Winds in Oklahoma, June 26, 2015Severe thunderstorms resulted in strong wind gusts in Beaver County as high as 64 mph. No damage was reported.
- Lightning Strike in North Carolina, June 26, 2015Isolated thunderstorm along a frontal boundary produced a lightning strike which caused a house fire across portions of northeast North Carolina.
- Damaging Wind in Texas, June 26, 2015Isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms developed overnight in a warm and moist environment as a low level jet strengthened. One of these grew strong enough to produce a severe downburst in Ralls.
- Flash Flood in Kansas, June 26, 2015Isolated thunderstorms produced minor flash flooding in southeast Kansas.
- Flash Flooding in Illinois, June 26, 2015In a wet month of frequent severe storms and heavy rain, another complex of thunderstorms brought several more inches of rain to southeast Iowa, west central Illinois, and northeast Missouri. The flash flooding occurred in northeast Missouri and west central Illinois.
- Flash Flooding and Flooding in Indiana, June 26 to 27, 2015The last widespread rains of the month were the result of a developing low pressure area that moved through the state on the 26th and early on the 27th. Numerous flooding problems developed quickly across mainly northern sections of central Indiana.
- Flash Flooding in Illinois, June 26, 2015Areas of low pressure moving along a stationary from northwest Missouri across central parts of Illinois and Indiana produced several rounds of thunderstorms with moderate to heavy rainfall.
- Flash Flood in Missouri, June 26, 2015In a wet month of frequent severe storms and heavy rain, another complex of thunderstorms brought several more inches of rain to southeast Iowa, west central Illinois, and northeast Missouri. The flash flooding occurred in northeast Missouri and west central Illinois.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Kentucky, June 26, 2015Clusters of thunderstorms intensified across western Kentucky during the afternoon. The storms then propagated slowly southeastward through a moderately unstable environment, with mixed-layer capes around 2000 j/kg.
- Damaging Winds in Alabama, June 26, 2015Numerous thunderstorms developed during the heating of the day and a few produced wind damage over east Alabama.
- Flash Flooding and Flooding in Ohio, June 26 to 27, 2015Severe thunderstorms developed as a low pressure center tracked east along a stationary front which was draped across the region.
- Damaging Winds in Florida, June 26, 2015A weakness in the subtropical ridge dominated with convection driven by sea breezes and outflow boundaries. Sea breezes focused toward the I-95 corridor in the afternoon.
- Hail in Minnesota, June 26, 2015Afternoon temperatures over west central Minnesota peaked in the mid to upper 70s with dew points around 60. The surface flow was very weak, but several thunderstorms did form and produce large hail.
- Damaging Winds in Tennessee, June 26, 2015Scattered thunderstorms developed during the early afternoon hours on June 26, 2015. These storms formed in a moist and unstable airmass ahead of an approaching cold front. A few of these storms were severe with winds greater than 58 mph.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Georgia, June 26, 2015Moderate instability, ample moisture and strong afternoon heating resulted in widespread strong thunderstorms over North and Central Georgia.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Oklahoma, June 26, 2015Thunderstorms developed during the early afternoon hours of June 26th along a weak surface trough of low pressure that stretched across eastern Oklahoma. The storms moved east during the afternoon, producing damaging wind across portions of southeastern and east central Oklahoma.
- Flash Flood and Damaging Winds in Alabama, June 26, 2015A weak mid level weather disturbance moving through the area, resulted in several reports of thunderstorm wind damage and an isolated report of flash flooding in northern Alabama.
- Damaging Wind and Lightning Strike in Mississippi, June 26 to 27, 2015Isolated to scattered thunderstorms developed during the heat of the afternoon across portions of Central Mississippi.
- Flash Flood and Hail in North Carolina, June 26, 2015A pre-frontal trough served as a focus for convective development during the late afternoon and evening hours. Given the very moist and unstable air mass, many of the storms became severe, producing wind damage and large hail.
- Flash Flood and Damaging Winds in Tennessee, June 26, 2015Scattered severe thunderstorms formed in the buoyant air mass south of a cool front across the Mid South. The main area impacted included parts of Southeast Tennessee and Southwest North Carolina.
- Damaging Wind in North Carolina, June 26, 2015Scattered severe thunderstorms formed in the buoyant air mass south of a cool front across the Mid South. The main area impacted included parts of Southeast Tennessee and Southwest North Carolina.
- Lightning Strike in Florida, June 26, 2015Thunderstorms developed over northern Volusia County along the east coast sea breeze. Lightning struck and killed a 25-year-old male in Port Orange as he worked outdoors.
- Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 26, 2015Isolated to widely scattered thunderstorms developed across western North Carolina during the late afternoon and evening. A few of the storms produced brief severe weather, mainly over the Piedmont.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, June 26, 2015Numerous showers and thunderstorms crossed eastern North Carolina during the evening of June 26th 2015 as a cold front approached from the northwest. A few of the storms became severe producing large hail and damaging winds.
- Damaging Wind in Arkansas, June 26, 2015Scattered thunderstorms developed during the early afternoon hours on June 26, 2015. These storms formed in a moist and unstable airmass ahead of an approaching cold front. A few of these storms were severe with winds greater than 58 mph.
- Flash Flooding and Hail in Ohio, June 26, 2015During the afternoon of the 26th, a low pressure system was organizing over the lower Ohio River. Meanwhile, ahead of that system, a frontal boundary stretched east through southern Ohio and central West Virginia.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 26, 2015Scattered thunderstorms developed during the late afternoon and evening across Upstate South Carolina. Some of the storms produced brief severe weather in the form of large hail and damaging winds.
- Flash Flooding and Damaging Wind in Arkansas, June 26, 2015Thunderstorms developed during the early afternoon hours of June 26th along a weak surface trough of low pressure that stretched across eastern Oklahoma. The storms moved east during the afternoon, producing damaging wind across portions of west central Arkansas.
- Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Arkansas, June 26, 2015A storm system dropped southeast across the plains into the Natural State late in June. This storm system interacted with some unstable air in place across the state, resulting in some severe weather and flash flooding.
- Damaging Winds in Kentucky, June 26, 2015Severe thunderstorms developed as a low pressure center tracked east along a stationary front which was draped across the region.
- Damaging Winds and Lightning Strikes in Tennessee, June 26, 2015Widespread showers and thunderstorms spread across Middle Tennessee during the afternoon and evening hours on June 26. A few reports of wind damage were received.
- Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, June 26 to 27, 2015A line of thunderstorms moved through the Midlands and produced wind damage and hail. Most of the wind damage was to trees and powerlines. One woman also died from injuries sustained from a lightning strike at Columbia Metropolitan Airport while she deplaned.
- Tornado and Flash Flooding in West Virginia, June 26, 2015During the afternoon of the 26th, a low pressure system was organizing over the lower Ohio River. Meanwhile, ahead of that system, a frontal boundary stretched east through southern Ohio and central West Virginia.
More
Every billion-dollar disasterEvery storm of 2015Tornadoes in 2015
Sources
NOAA NCEI, U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters (2025), https://doi.org/10.25921/stkw-7w73, and the Storm Events Database for the episodes.