Central and Eastern Tornadoes and Hail Storms

Losses, 2024 dollars

$3.6 billion

Losses at the time

$3.4 billion

Deaths

1

The losses and deaths are NCEI’s, counting everything the disaster did. The episodes below are only what the Weather Service filed in its Storm Events record, which counts damage differently and often not at all, so the two never add up and are shown apart.

• Hail in Iowa, May 8, 20231 in hail · 3 eventsA weak convergent zone across northwest Iowa became to focus for storm develop on the evening of May 8th. Despite modest CAPE, a few storms grew to produce quarter sized hail.
• Hail in Texas, May 8, 20232 in hail · 5 eventsA weak mesoscale convective vortex (MCV), leftover from showers and thunderstorms that developed during the afternoon and evening across North Texas on May 7th, drifted east into Northeast Texas, Southwest Arkansas, and Northwest Louisiana during the late morning and afternoon…
• Hail in Minnesota, May 8, 20230.88 in hail · 1 eventA weak cold front passed through, with around 1500 to 2000 J/kg of SBCAPE ahead of it. Deep layer shear was 30 to 40 kts. Several storms developed, and a few produce sub-severe hail in Minnesota. The largest hail stone was nickel size hail in Watonwan county.
• Hail in Iowa, May 8, 20231 in hail · 1 eventLow top, brief storms developed in western Iowa which produced some hail reports. One report met severe criteria in Monona County.
• Damaging Winds in Oklahoma, May 8, 202356 kt wind · 2 eventsA weak mesoscale convective vortex (MCV), leftover from showers and thunderstorms that developed during the afternoon and evening across North Texas on May 7th, drifted east into Northeast Texas, Southwest Arkansas, and Northwest Louisiana during the late morning and afternoon…
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Missouri, May 8, 2023$138,000 · 1 in hail · 14 eventsAn organized line of severe thunderstorms produced widespread wind damage across several counties in southeast Missouri.
• Damaging Winds in Illinois, May 8, 2023$20,000 · 61 kt wind · 2 eventsAn organized line of severe thunderstorms clipped the southern tip of Illinois during the evening. The line of storms crossed the Mississippi River from southeast Missouri.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Ohio, May 8, 2023$8,000 · 50 kt wind · 2 eventsIsolated showers and thunderstorms developed across the region as a low pressure system moved through the Ohio Valley.
• Hail in Kentucky, May 8 to 9, 20231.75 in hail · 4 eventsDuring the late evening hours on May 8th, clusters of showers and thunderstorms developed across the Ohio River valley in the vicinity of a quasi-stationary front.
• Hail in Tennessee, May 8, 20231 in hail · 2 eventsA mesoscale convective system developed over southern Missouri during the evening hours of May 8, 2003. This system and its associated cold pool tracked into the northern part of the Mid-South where the airmass and shear profile supported a few severe storms with large hail.
• Hail in Arkansas, May 8 to 9, 20231 in hail · 2 eventsA mesoscale convective system developed over southern Missouri during the evening hours of May 8, 2003. This system and its associated cold pool tracked into the northern part of the Mid-South where the airmass and shear profile supported a few severe storms with large hail.
• Damaging Winds in Texas, May 9, 2023$1.6 million · 77 kt wind · 9 eventsA cluster of thunderstorms in northern Mexico began to bow out south of Hidalgo County and the Rio Grande River and headed for the southern half of Cameron County.
• Flash Flooding and Hail in Kentucky, May 9, 20231 in hail · 3 eventsA low pressure system and frontal boundary were slowly sinking southward into the Commonwealth during the overnight hours from May 8th through May 9th. A line of storms had dropped southward of the frontal boundary, creating an outflow boundary pushing southeast.
• Hail in Minnesota, May 9, 20230.88 in hail · 1 eventA few weak thunderstorms developed during the evening of the 8th due to daytime heating. Most of the storms remained well below severe limits, but one storm did produce nickel-sized hail in Carlton County during the early morning hours.
• Hail in Indiana, May 9, 20232.75 in hail · 4 eventsDuring the early morning hours on May 9th, a cluster of showers and thunderstorms developed along the Ohio River in the vicinity of a quasi-stationary front.
• Damaging Wind in Tennessee, May 9, 2023$2.0 million · 52 kt wind · 1 eventScattered thunderstorms once again impacted Middle Tennessee on May 9, 2023. These thunderstorms were generally non-severe, however, one did produce a microburst in Lebanon.
• Damaging Winds in Tennessee, May 9, 202350 kt wind · 3 eventsA broken line of thunderstorms in the early morning hours produced a couple incidents of severe damaging winds in and around the Knoxville metro area.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kansas, May 9, 20232.5 in hail · 16 eventsThis was the first of three day active severe weather days. The day started out with hail up to tennis ball size falling. The largest hail was reported near Rexford. Wind gusts up to 65 MPH were reported, with the strongest wind gust occurring in Norton.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kansas, May 9, 20234 in hail · 44 eventsNumerous thunderstorms moved through portions of southwest Kansas.
• Hail in Nebraska, May 9, 20230.88 in hail · 2 eventsStrong thunderstorms moved across far Southwest Nebraska during the morning hours. Hail up to nickel size was reported with these storms at Benkelman.
• Tornadoes and Hail in Kansas, May 9, 20231.25 in hail · 34 eventsA line of thunderstorms moved southeast across much of north central and east central Kansas during the day on May 9th. There were numerous reports of large hail and sporadic wind damage reports along with a few wind gusts in excess of 70 mph.
• Hail and High Wind in Nebraska, May 9, 20231.25 in hail · 6 eventsComplex of thunderstorms brings large hail and damaging wind gusts at rather odd time of day to portions of south central Nebraska on May 9th.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kansas, May 9, 2023$1.4 million · 2.5 in hail · 15 eventsComplex of thunderstorms brings large hail and damaging wind gusts at rather odd time of day to portions of north central Kansas on May 9th.
• Flash Flooding in Texas, May 9 to 10, 2023$200,000 · 3 eventsA storm system moved into the area on the morning of the May 9, producing widespread heavy rain and some flash flooding through the morning of May 10.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kansas, May 9, 2023$4,000 · 2 in hail · 39 eventsA mesoscale convective system developed across north central Kansas during the morning hours of May 9th, 2023.
• Flash Flood and Hail in Alabama, May 9, 202350 kt wind · 8 eventsAn outflow boundary from a decaying MCS triggered isolated strong to severe thunderstorms during the afternoon and evening hours on May 9th. Due to the slow movement of the storms, some localized flooding also occurred.
• Flash Flooding in Louisiana, May 9, 2023$17,000 · 12 eventsA more typical summertime pattern was in place on May 9th as scattered showers and thunderstorms started to develop during the late morning.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Georgia, May 9, 20231 injured · 1.5 in hail · 5 eventsScattered afternoon and evening thunderstorms moved across parts of north and central Georgia. A few of these storms became severe, producing hail up to 1 inch (quarter-sized) and brief strong wind gusts.
• Tornado in Minnesota, May 9, 2023EF0 · 1 eventWith steep near surface lapse rates and a diffuse boundary across southwest Minnesota, a quick spin-up developed during the updraft phase of a thunderstorm which resulted in a brief landspout.
• Flash Flooding in Texas, May 9 to 10, 2023$10,000 · 3 eventsThunderstorms trained over the eastern parts of San Patricio County during the afternoon on the 9th and over Aransas and eastern Calhoun Counties on the morning of the 10th. The storms produced very heavy rainfall with amounts between 3 to 5 inches.
• Damaging Wind in Texas, May 9, 2023$2,000 · 61 kt wind · 1 eventA thunderstorm developed along an old outflow boundary and produced damaging wind gusts.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Missouri, May 9, 2023$597,000 · 2 in hail · 32 eventsSevere storms developed over far southwest Missouri and southeast Kansas during the early morning of the 9th as a low level jet interacted with a stalled front along the northwest Arkansas and northeast Oklahoma border.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, May 9, 2023$90,000 · 1 in hail · 9 eventsTwo rounds of severe thunderstorms moved across the northern and central Coastal Plain and the northeast Piedmont of North Carolina during the afternoon and evening hours on May 9th. The storms produced both large hail and wind damage across about a half dozen counties.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in North Carolina, May 9, 20232 in hail · 32 eventsA cold front sagged into Eastern NC during the afternoon hours. An unstable atmosphere with strong shear in place ahead of the front primed the region for severe thunderstorm development.
• Hail in Minnesota, May 9, 20231.25 in hail · 2 eventsA mid-level disturbance interacted with a stationary frontal boundary, generating afternoon showers and thunderstorms across Western MN. A strong thunderstorm produced quarter size hail in eastern Lac Qui Parle County and half dollar sized hail in southwestern Pope County.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in South Carolina, May 9, 20232.25 in hail · 12 eventsMultiple strong to severe thunderstorms developed near a cold front during the late afternoon and evening across Greenville and vicinity. Some of the storms produced swaths of large to very large hail along with some isolated damaging wind gusts.
• Hail in Wyoming, May 9, 20231 in hail · 5 eventsScattered strong to locally severe thunderstorms developed across far southeast Wyoming during the early evening hours on 5/9.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Virginia, May 9, 2023$3,000 · 1 in hail · 4 eventsScattered severe thunderstorms along a frontal boundary produced damaging winds and large hail across portions of south central Virginia.
• Hail in South Carolina, May 9, 2023$600 · 0.7 in hail · 3 eventsDiurnal heating, convergence along surface boundaries, and an unstable atmosphere contributed to scattered late afternoon and evening thunderstorms. A few produced small hail.
• Tornado and Damaging Winds in Texas, May 9, 2023$50,000 · 56 kt wind · 4 eventsBroad lee troughing and a closed upper-low over the Texas Gulf coast aided in the development of scattered thunderstorms near and adjacent to the west Texas high terrain. A few severe reports resulted from this activity.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Kansas, May 9, 20231.5 in hail · 4 eventsOn the late afternoon of May 9th, a squall line brought damaging winds and one report of ping pong ball sized hail to far eastern Kansas.
• Damaging Winds in Kansas, May 9, 2023$10,000 · 53 kt wind · 3 eventsSevere storms developed over southeast Kansas during the early morning of the 9th as a low level jet interacted with a stalled front along the northwest Arkansas and northeast Oklahoma border.
• Hail in North Dakota, May 9, 2023$1.5 million · 1.75 in hail · 6 eventsThunderstorms initially developed along a warm front over southwestern North Dakota during the late afternoon and early evening hours. One storm strengthened and became a supercell near the border of Mercer and Morton counties.
• Flash Flood and Hail in Nebraska, May 9 to 10, 20231.25 in hail · 7 eventsA line of severe thunderstorms swept across the western Nebraska Panhandle during the late afternoon and early evening hours on 5/9, primarily producing damaging straight line winds.
• Tornado in Montana, May 9, 2023$2,000 · EF0 · 1 eventA modestly unstable environment led to the development of thunderstorms across western Montana. Conditions were favorable for the formation of cold air funnels and landspouts.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, May 9, 20231 in hail · 10 eventsA cluster of thunderstorms developed across portions of southeast South Carolina in the early evening hours and tracked toward the coast. These thunderstorms produced several reports of strong damaging wind gusts and large hail.
• Hail in South Dakota, May 9, 20231 in hail · 1 eventAn isolated strong storm developed along a boundary in northeast South Dakota. This cell produced hail up to 1 inch.
• Hail in Colorado, May 9, 20232.5 in hail · 21 eventsSevere thunderstorms with large hail developed across Adams, Boulder, Denver, Larimer, Morgan and Weld counties. The hail ranged from 1.0 to 2.5 inches in diameter. Extensive damage to homes and vehicles was reported in Longmont, Erie, Johnstown and Firestone.
• Hail in Texas, May 9, 20231 in hail · 2 eventsScattered thunderstorms occurred over south-central Texas into the Brush Country during the afternoon and evening of the 9th. A severe thunderstorm formed south of Choke Canyon Reservoir and moved to the southwest of George West.
• Damaging Wind in Oklahoma, May 9, 202351 kt wind · 1 eventA squall line developed over northwestern Kansas during the late morning of the 9th, and translated southeast across the state during the day. The line of storms moved into northeastern Oklahoma during the evening. The strongest storm in the line produced 59 mph wind gusts.
• Tornadoes and Hail in Colorado, May 10, 2023$500,000 · EF1 · 57 eventsNumerous severe thunderstorms developed southwest of Denver and pushed north-northeast through the metro area. The storms produced extensive hail, ranging from quarter to tennis ball size.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Missouri, May 10, 20231.5 in hail · 5 eventsShowers and storms persistent over the region as moisture was pulled northward ahead of an upper level low that moved northward from central Texas into western Missouri.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Tennessee, May 10, 2023$7,000 · 1 in hail · 4 eventsSlow-moving bands of showers and thunderstorms associated with an upper low located over the Lower Mississippi Valley intensified during the afternoon hours on May 10, 2023, when instability peaked.
• Damaging Wind in Arkansas, May 10, 2023$10,000 · 65 kt wind · 1 eventSlow-moving bands of showers and thunderstorms associated with an upper low located over the Lower Mississippi Valley intensified during the afternoon hours on May 10, 2023, when instability peaked.
• Tornado and Flash Flooding in Kansas, May 10, 2023$16,000 · 1.75 in hail · 28 eventsDuring the afternoon hours, scattered storms developed over Northwest Kansas as a warm front moved north. These storms produced hail ranging from pea to golf ball in size and a brief tornado near the town of Selden.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in New Mexico, May 10, 20231 in hail · 17 eventsA strong upper level storm system accompanied by a strong portion of the jetstream brought high winds to portions of central and eastern NM.
• Flash Flooding and Flood in Alabama, May 10, 2023$5,000 · 52 kt wind · 8 eventsA band of thunderstorms developed during the afternoon hours in northwest into central Alabama, which lifted slowly northeast during the early evening hours. Very heavy downpours resulted in flash flooding in parts of northwest Alabama, including the Florence area.
• Flash Flood in Mississippi, May 10, 20231 eventSlow-moving bands of showers and thunderstorms associated with an upper low located over the Lower Mississippi Valley intensified during the afternoon hours on May 10, 2023, when instability peaked.
• Flash Flood and Heavy Snow in Colorado, May 10 to 17, 20231 in hail · 38 eventsA closed low propagated from SW CONUS and rapidly intensified over the southeast Colorado plains. A combination of strong lift due to the rapidly intensifying cyclone and orographic lift created heavy snow over the mountains.
• Hail in Florida, May 10, 20231 in hail · 1 eventAfternoon sea breeze thunderstorms produce severe hail near Bronson in Levy County.
• Hail in Texas, May 10, 2023$1,000 · 1.75 in hail · 1 eventA lone supercell developed near the Davis Mountains and tracked northeast along the Pecos River Valley.
• Hail in Colorado, May 10, 20232.75 in hail · 3 eventsDuring the afternoon hours a cluster of storms developed over Northwest Kansas, moving northwest into Yuma County. As the storms approached the eastern side of the city of Wray large hail ranging from the size of quarters to baseballs fell.
• Hail in Nebraska, May 10, 20231.75 in hail · 1 eventThunderstorms formed along a warm front, situated along the Kansas/Nebraska border during the late afternoon hours of May 10th. As this activity lifted north of the front, it became severe with large hail. Golf ball sized hail was reported in southern Chase County.
• Damaging Wind in Nevada, May 10, 202358 kt wind · 1 eventIsolated thunderstorms and showers across central and eastern Nevada, caused gusty outflow winds.
• Hail in Georgia, May 10, 20231.25 in hail · 1 eventA backdoor cool front moved NE to SW across the local forecast in the afternoon. Convergence near this front and the inland progressing east coast sea breeze front over a moist and diurnally unstable airmass triggered strong to isolated severe storms.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Texas, May 10, 20231 in hail · 4 eventsDuring the late afternoon of the 10th a line of thunderstorms developed over eastern New Mexico. This line eventually moved into the western combined Oklahoma and Texas Panhandles where a few of the storms produced some severe wind gusts and large hail.
• Hail in North Dakota, May 10, 20231 in hail · 1 eventSevere storms with wind gusts near 60 MPH and hail up to half dollar sized moved through the Devils Lake Basin and into the northern RRV.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Nebraska, May 10, 20231 in hail · 2 eventsA large swath of strong thunderstorms tracked north across the western Nebraska Panhandle during the evening hours on 5/10. An embedded severe thunderstorm produced a localized instance of marginally severe hail in Sidney.
• Hail in Minnesota, May 10, 2023$5,000 · 0.88 in hail · 1 eventEffective shear values of around 40 kts with weakly capped elevated CAPE on the order of 500-1000 J/kg allowed for isolated storms to develop on the leading edge of warm advection with retreat of an upper-level ridge.
• Hail in Nebraska, May 10, 20231.25 in hail · 2 eventsSouthwest upper winds were over south central Nebraska with an upper level trough moving towards the Four Corners region. A surface low was over eastern Colorado with storms that developed over the High Plains during the afternoon.
• Hail in Iowa, May 10, 20232 in hail · 6 eventsEffective shear values of 30 to 40 kts with weakly capped elevated CAPE on the order of 1000 J/kg allowed for storms to develop on the leading edge of warm advection with retreat of an upper-level ridge. Stronger storms produced one- to two-inch hail.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Texas, May 10 to 11, 20231 in hail · 2 eventsThe approach of an upper level storm system through the Four Corners, in combination with a gradual return of Gulf of Mexico moisture, combined with a tightening dryline and lifting warm front to trigger scattered thunderstorms late on the 10th.
• Damaging Winds and High Wind in Texas, May 11, 2023$20,000 · 70 kt wind · 4 eventsAn ejecting shortwave trough resulted in westerly high winds across the Guadalupe and Delaware Mountains. An associated frontal boundary with this system caused a line of severe thunderstorms across the northern Permian Basin that produced damaging winds.
• Flash Flooding in Texas, May 11, 20237 eventsAn upper level low pressure system slowly ejected northeast across the piney woods of East Texas during the evening through the morning hours of May 10th-11th.
• Flash Flood in Minnesota, May 11, 20231 eventA slow moving system produced thunderstorms and heavy precipitation in the Trough of Warm Air Aloft (TROWAL) region of an upper low over South Central Minnesota.
• Tornadoes and Flash Flooding in Louisiana, May 11, 2023$80,000 · EF1 · 15 eventsAn upper level low pressure system slowly ejected northeast across the piney woods of East Texas during the evening through the morning hours of May 10th-11th.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Wind in Arkansas, May 11 to 12, 202355 kt wind · 9 eventsA cold front stalled across the northern counties of Arkansas, and the focus shifted to a storm system headed this way from Texas on the 10th/11th. As the system approached, moisture levels went through the roof.
• Damaging Winds in Louisiana, May 11, 2023$40,000 · 56 kt wind · 10 eventsSevere storms occurred..
• Flash Flood in Arkansas, May 11, 20231 eventAn upper level low pressure system slowly ejected northeast across the piney woods of East Texas during the evening through the morning hours of May 10th-11th.
• Tornado in Arkansas, May 11, 2023$40,000 · EF1 · 1 eventA compact weather system moved through the region on Thursday May 11th and brought a round of severe storms during the late morning and afternoon hours. Most of the events were damaging winds but there were a few instances of hail and one tornado in SE Arkansas.
• Tornadoes and Flash Flooding in Kansas, May 11 to 12, 2023$10,000 · EF1 · 20 eventsA high impact storm system moved across Northwest Kansas. The storm system produced an environment that was favorable for any of the developing thunderstorms to produce a tornado, which led to multiple tornadoes occurring on this day.
• Tornadoes and Hail in Colorado, May 11, 2023EF1 · 5 eventsA high impact storm system moved across East Central Colorado. The storm system produced an environment that was favorable for any of the developing thunderstorms to produce a tornado, which led to several tornadoes occurring on this day.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Mississippi, May 11, 2023$253,000 · 1.75 in hail · 33 eventsA compact weather system moved through the region on Thursday May 11th and brought a round of severe storms during the late morning and afternoon hours. Most of the events were damaging winds but there were a few instances of hail and one tornado in SE Arkansas.
• Tornado in Nebraska, May 11, 20231 eventA highly impactful weather system moved across the High Plains. As a result, multiple storms produced tornadoes, including one in particular that struck Weskan, Kansas.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in South Dakota, May 11, 20231.75 in hail · 4 eventsInstability which reached around 1000 J/kg of MLCAPE in an environment of weak deep-layer flow allowed thunderstorm cores to collapse and produce mainly damaging wind.
• Damaging Wind in Virginia, May 11, 2023$2,000 · 1 eventAn isolated thunderstorm produced minor wind damage in Gordonsville.
• Hail in Florida, May 11, 20231.75 in hail · 4 eventsEasterly steering flow focused the sea breeze merger toward the I-75 corridor. Cool air aloft combined with steep mid-level lapse rates triggered a few pulse severe storms along boundary mergers.
• Hail in Florida, May 11, 20231.25 in hail · 2 eventsA severe storm produced up to half dollar size hail near Lake Apopka.
• Hail in Florida, May 11, 20231.5 in hail · 2 eventsAfternoon sea breeze thunderstorms produce severe hail near Homosassa Springs in Citrus County.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Nebraska, May 11, 2023$30,000 · 52 kt wind · 4 eventsA slow moving, upper level low, situated over Colorado, led to the development of thunderstorms across the high plains of eastern Colorado, western Kansas and western Nebraska during the afternoon and evening hours of May 11th.
• Tornadoes and Hail in Oklahoma, May 11, 2023$319,000 · EF1 · 22 eventsA deepening upper/low pressure system slowly approached portions of the Central Plains on the 11th.
• Damaging Winds and Lightning Strike in Mississippi, May 11, 2023$40,000 · 50 kt wind · 3 eventsAn upper low traveled across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours of May 11, 2023. The feature combined with peak heating produced an arc of showers and thunderstorms that swept across northeast Mississippi resulting in isolated wind damage near Tupelo.
• Damaging Winds in Alabama, May 11, 2023$12,000 · 50 kt wind · 9 eventsA line of strong thunderstorms formed along an outflow boundary that moved northeast from Mississippi across northern Alabama during the evening hours on the 11th. Winds gusted to between 40 and 50 mph in some stronger thunderstorms.
• Tornado and Hail in Texas, May 11, 2023$36,000 · EF1 · 10 eventsThunderstorms developed near a dryline across the Big Country and eventually moved into portions of North and Central Texas during the evening hours. Some of these storms produced severe hail, and one storm produced a brief tornado that caused tree damage in Palo Pinto County.
• Tornado in Kansas, May 11, 2023EF0 · 1 eventLandspouts reported on 05/11.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Georgia, May 11 to 12, 20232.5 in hail · 16 eventsScattered to numerous showers and thunderstorms developed across the tri-state region ahead of an upper level trough. There was sufficient instability and shear for a few storms to become severe with damaging winds and hail.
• Flash Flood and Flooding in South Dakota, May 11 to 16, 20237 eventsA prolonged rain event over several days led to flooding and flash flooding over the Cheyenne and White River basins. Three to five inches of rain fell, with some locations receiving nearly four inches of rain within six hours on the evening of May 11.
• Hail and Damaging Winds in Oklahoma, May 11, 2023$2,000 · 1 in hail · 4 eventsStrong to severe thunderstorms developed over central and southwestern Oklahoma during the afternoon of the 11th, as a dry line sharpened across the area. These thunderstorms moved east and northeast across eastern Oklahoma during the late evening.
• Flash Flooding in Arkansas, May 12, 20236 eventsA small complex of showers and thunderstorms spread southeast into the northern sections of Southwest Arkansas during the morning hours of May 12th with the passage of an upper level disturbance.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Florida, May 12, 20231.5 in hail · 5 eventsScattered to numerous showers and thunderstorms developed across the tri-state region ahead of an upper level trough. There was sufficient instability and shear for a few storms to become severe with damaging winds and hail.
• Tornadoes and Flash Flood in Nebraska, May 12, 2023EF2 · 10 eventsA closed low pressure system moved slowly across the northern Plains and spawned multiple tornadoes across north central Nebraska.
• Tornado and High Wind in New Mexico, May 12 to 13, 2023$2,000 · 53 kt wind · 2 eventsA strong backdoor cold front surged through the gaps of the central mountain chain during the very early morning of May 13, 2023. High winds produced repeated gusts to 60 mph at the Albuquerque Sunport. A tree was blown down in an Albuquerque neighborhood.
• Tornado and Hail in Nebraska, May 12, 2023$800,000 · EF1 · 5 eventsIntense upper level low pressure brings arc of severe thunderstorms to portions of south central Nebraska during the afternoon hours of May 12th.
• Tornadoes and Flash Flooding in Nebraska, May 12, 20232 injured · EF2 · 59 eventsA strong low-pressure system which had been slowly moving east off the Rocky Mountains finally progressed into central Nebraska. This left eastern Nebraska in the warm sector as a warm front moved north into the area.
• Flash Flood and Hail in Texas, May 12, 20231 in hail · 3 eventsA cold front and ejecting shortwave trough resulted in widespread afternoon strong to severe thunderstorms resulting in large hail and strong winds. Additionally, flash flooding due to slow-moving and training thunderstorms.
• Damaging Winds in Alabama, May 12, 202356 kt wind · 5 eventsScattered to numerous showers and thunderstorms developed across the tri-state region ahead of an upper level trough. There was sufficient instability and shear for a few storms to become severe with damaging winds and hail.
• Damaging Winds in Mississippi, May 12, 2023$37,000 · 53 kt wind · 9 eventsSevere thunderstorms occurred.
• Tornado and Flash Flood in Oklahoma, May 12 to 13, 2023$20,000 · EF0 · 31 eventsScattered strong to severe thunderstorms developed from border-to-border in the forecast area, along a cold front that extended from the West Texas Plains into Missouri River Valley.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Texas, May 12, 20232.25 in hail · 5 eventsScattered strong to severe thunderstorms developed from border-to-border in the forecast area, along a cold front that extended from the West Texas Plains into Missouri River Valley.
• Flash Flood and Flood in Texas, May 12, 20231 in hail · 10 eventsThe combination of a stationary dryline and strong instability produced isolated severe thunderstorms across the Big Country and Concho Valley. The storms produce large hail and strong wind gusts.
• Damaging Winds and Heavy Rain in Florida, May 12, 2023$2,000 · 50 kt wind · 7 eventsThunderstorms increased in coverage and intensity along the sea breeze fronts in the afternoon and early evening, with boundary mergers across interior counties of the Suwannee River Valley in the evening.
• Flash Flooding and Damaging Winds in Texas, May 12 to 13, 202361 kt wind · 25 eventsAn upper level trough moved over a moist, unstable airmass and generated thunderstorms. Storms initially formed over the higher terrain in Mexico and moved across the Rio Grande into Texas. Some storms produced damaging wind gusts.
• Tornadoes and Hail in Kansas, May 12, 2023EF2 · 13 eventsA cluster of thunderstorms developed along a dryline and moved slowly across parts of northeast Kansas during the late afternoon and evening of May 12th. At least 5 tornadoes were documented from these storms.
• Damaging Wind and High Wind in Texas, May 12, 202357 kt wind · 2 eventsHot temperatures, coupled with a dryline, triggered widespread thunderstorm development on the afternoon of the 12th.
• Flash Flood and Damaging Wind in Iowa, May 12, 2023$500,000 · 52 kt wind · 3 eventsA strong low-pressure system which had been moving slowly off the lee side of the Rocky Mountains had finally progressed into central Nebraska. This left western Iowa in the warm sector as a warm front moved north into the area.
• Tornadoes and Flash Flood in Iowa, May 12 to 14, 2023$35,000 · EF0 · 29 eventsConvection percolated along a warm front across the area through the morning. By afternoon, storms re-strengthened as as daytime heating helped enhance instability. Despite good instability with MLCAPE over nearing 2000 J/kg, lapse rates were modest and speed shear was weak.
• Damaging Winds in Iowa, May 12, 202352 kt wind · 2 eventsAn arc of convection developed ahead of a slow-moving upper-level low across central Nebraska. With around 2000 J/kg MUCAPE in a narrow zone and around 40 knots of deep layer shear, a few rotating severe storms developed with enhanced wind.
• Damaging Wind in South Dakota, May 12, 202352 kt wind · 1 eventAn arc of convection developed ahead of a slow-moving upper-level low across central Nebraska. With around 2000 J/kg MUCAPE in a narrow zone and around 40 knots of deep layer shear, a few rotating severe storms developed with enhanced wind.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Oklahoma, May 12, 2023$5,000 · 1 in hail · 2 eventsStrong to severe thunderstorms developed over north central Oklahoma during the afternoon of the 12th, near a dry line that sharpened over the area. Thunderstorms gradually developed into northeastern Oklahoma during the late evening.
• Tornado and Flash Flood in Oklahoma, May 13, 2023$5,000 · EF0 · 16 eventsSome severe and flood hazard, associated with convection from the 12th, lingered into the early morning hours of the 13th.
• Hail and Damaging Wind in Missouri, May 13, 2023$250,000 · 1 in hail · 2 eventsIsolated severe storms produced quarter sized hail and significant wind damage occurred in the vicinity of Neosho Missouri.
• Tornado in Texas, May 13, 20231 death · 11 injured · $500,000 · EF1 · 1 eventA rapidly-developing mini-supercell formed ahead of an approaching squall line near the Lower Texas coast just before 4 AM Saturday, May 13.
• Damaging Wind in Texas, May 13, 202350 kt wind · 1 eventA line of thunderstorms moved through the Corpus Christi area during the early morning hours. Storm produced a wind gust to 50 knots in Flour Bluff.
• Flash Flooding in Texas, May 13, 20233 eventsLine of thunderstorms moved across the Coastal Bend during the early morning producing locally heavy rainfall. Rainfall amounts between 3 to 4 inches over San Patricio County produced flooding of roads near Odem, Sinton, and Taft.
• Hail in Iowa, May 13, 20231.25 in hail · 2 eventsStrong to severe storms developed through the day, with a couple of isolated storms that led to sporadic reports of large hail. Otherwise, this was a low end severe weather event and localized to two counties.
• Hail in Missouri, May 13, 20233 in hail · 6 eventsA warm front across the region was the focus for thunderstorm development. There were numerous reports of large hail with the severe storms.
• Tornadoes and Flash Flooding in Iowa, May 13, 2023$476,000 · EF0 · 6 eventsA weakening upper level low pressure area moved into far southeast South Dakota by early evening.
• Tornado in Illinois, May 13, 20231 eventA stationary frontal boundary draped across south-central Illinois served as the focus for clusters of thunderstorms during the afternoon and evening of May 13th.
• Damaging Wind in Virginia, May 13, 2023$1,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventIsolated severe thunderstorm in advance of a cold front produced damaging winds across portions of central Virginia.
• Hail in Illinois, May 13, 20231 in hail · 1 eventA warm front across the region was the focus for thunderstorm development. There were numerous reports of large hail with the severe storms.
• Damaging Wind in Georgia, May 13, 202350 kt wind · 1 eventIsolated thunderstorms developed over northeast Georgia during the late afternoon and evening. One of the storms produced brief damaging wind gusts in Stephens County.
• Damaging Wind in Indiana, May 13, 2023$5,000 · 50 kt wind · 1 eventScattered showers and thunderstorms developed along a frontal boundary moving through the region.
• Flash Flooding in Virginia, May 13, 20232 eventsScattered thunderstorms in advance of a cold front produced heavy rain which caused flash flooding across portions of south central Virginia.
• Hail in Oklahoma, May 13, 20230.75 in hail · 1 eventStrong thunderstorms developed over eastern Oklahoma during the evening of the 13th, ahead of a cold front that moved into the region. The strongest storms produced hail up to penny size.
• Damaging Wind in Louisiana, May 13, 202356 kt wind · 1 eventAn outflow boundary from early morning storms extended south from Eastern Oklahoma into East Texas by the afternoon hours on May 13th, while an upper low pressure area remained stationary near the South Texas coast.

Every billion-dollar disasterEvery storm of 2023Tornadoes in 2023

NOAA NCEI, U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters (2025), https://doi.org/10.25921/stkw-7w73, and the Storm Events Database for the episodes.