Alert archive / Alabama / St. Clair County

Weather alerts in St. Clair County, Alabama, 2009

263 weather alerts in 2009, from the National Weather Service and the Storm Prediction Center. An alert counts here when it covered this county.

St. Clair County and its neighbors

Each county as a circle sized by its count in 2009. Tap one for its archive.

Alerts: 263
Warnings: 100
Watches: 55
Advisories: 66
Busiest month: April47 alerts
Busiest day: April 10, 200916 alerts

Over time

By month

The alerts

Every alert, in the order issued. Times are local, Central Time. Each opens its own page with the text, the map, the radar and the sounding.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
Jan 3, 4:09 AM CST	Dense Fog Advisory	BMX	4 hr
Jan 3, 9:06 AM CST	Dense Fog Advisory	BMX	2 hr
Jan 4, 4:19 AM CST	Dense Fog Advisory	BMX	5 hr
Jan 5, 3:47 PM CST	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	26 hr
Jan 6, 2:03 PM CST	Tornado Watch	SPC	5 hr
Jan 6, 3:09 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	4 hr
Jan 6, 3:57 PM CST	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	93 min
Jan 6, 6:56 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	3 hr
Jan 6, 8:06 PM CST	River Flood Warning	BMX	18 hr
Jan 6, 9:57 PM CST	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	8 hr
Jan 7, 4:12 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	14 hr
Jan 7, 11:15 AM CST	River Flood Warning	BMX	5 days
Jan 7, 2:20 PM CST	River Flood Warning	BMX	20 hr
Jan 13, 9:26 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	11 hr
Jan 14, 5:24 AM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	33 hr
Jan 14, 5:41 AM CST	Hard Freeze Watch	BMX	25 hr
Jan 15, 6:00 AM CST	Wind Chill Advisory	BMX	22 hr
Jan 15, 6:37 AM CST	Hard Freeze Watch	BMX	22 hr
Jan 15, 6:37 AM CST	Hard Freeze Warning	BMX	25 hr
Jan 15, 6:37 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	9 hr
Jan 15, 8:45 AM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	20 hr
Jan 16, 4:37 AM CST	Hard Freeze Warning	BMX	23 hr
Jan 17, 5:50 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	12 hr
Jan 19, 10:53 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	13 hr
Jan 20, 3:41 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	14 hr
Jan 23, 1:01 PM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	5 hr
Jan 27, 10:19 PM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	14 hr
Feb 3, 9:13 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	15 hr
Feb 3, 2:54 PM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	37 hr
Feb 3, 3:47 PM CST	Hard Freeze Watch	BMX	20 hr
Feb 4, 11:24 AM CST	Hard Freeze Warning	BMX	22 hr
Feb 5, 4:03 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	14 hr
Feb 10, 4:02 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	33 hr
Feb 10, 3:29 PM CST	Wind Advisory	BMX	27 hr
Feb 11, 11:10 AM CST	Tornado Watch	SPC	6 hr
Feb 11, 1:04 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	26 min
Feb 11, 1:29 PM CST	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	2 hr
Feb 11, 1:41 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	34 min
Feb 16, 5:57 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	11 hr
Feb 17, 7:51 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	5 hr
Feb 18, 4:01 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	14 hr
Feb 18, 12:42 PM CST	Tornado Watch	SPC	7 hr
Feb 18, 2:31 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	29 min
Feb 18, 2:39 PM CST	Tornado Warning	BMX	51 min
Feb 18, 3:22 PM CST	Tornado Warning Emergency	BMX	38 min
Feb 18, 3:22 PM CST	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	83 min
Feb 18, 3:53 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	37 min
Feb 18, 4:24 PM CST	Tornado Warning Emergency	BMX	66 min
Feb 18, 5:33 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	42 min
Feb 19, 4:10 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	12 hr
Feb 19, 2:54 PM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	27 hr
Feb 21, 5:50 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	11 hr
Feb 21, 6:06 PM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	10 hr
Feb 21, 6:06 PM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	21 hr
Feb 22, 2:50 PM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	27 hr
Feb 23, 2:56 PM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	12 hr
Feb 24, 3:05 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	15 hr
Feb 26, 12:13 PM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	6 hr
Feb 27, 4:56 AM CST	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	25 hr
Feb 27, 8:29 AM CST	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	31 min
Feb 27, 10:17 AM CST	Tornado Warning	BMX	28 min
Feb 27, 10:25 AM CST	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	3 hr
Feb 27, 11:26 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	7 hr
Feb 27, 4:52 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	6 hr
Feb 28, 3:16 PM CST	Winter Storm Watch	BMX	13 hr
Mar 1, 3:28 AM CST	Wind Advisory	BMX	18 hr
Mar 1, 3:47 AM CST	Winter Storm Warning	BMX	11 hr
Mar 1, 11:19 AM CST	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	4 hr
Mar 2, 4:22 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	14 hr
Mar 2, 4:35 AM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	23 hr
Mar 3, 3:55 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	14 hr
Mar 3, 5:57 AM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	22 hr
Mar 4, 4:02 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	14 hr
Mar 16, 11:52 AM CDT	Dense Fog Advisory	BMX	21 hr
Mar 20, 11:10 AM CDT	Red Flag Warning	BMX	7 hr
Mar 20, 2:31 PM CDT	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	13 hr
Mar 21, 3:43 AM CDT	Red Flag Warning	BMX	9 hr
Mar 25, 5:00 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	13 hr
Mar 25, 3:22 PM CDT	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	18 hr
Mar 26, 1:36 AM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	9 hr
Mar 26, 5:40 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	35 min
Mar 28, 4:25 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	35 min
Mar 28, 4:59 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	3 hr
Mar 28, 7:15 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	45 min
Mar 28, 7:23 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	37 min
Mar 28, 7:29 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	4 hr
Mar 28, 7:47 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	17 min
Mar 29, 4:21 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	14 hr
Mar 29, 8:56 PM CDT	Frost Advisory	BMX	8 hr
Mar 31, 9:52 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	113 min
Apr 1, 12:57 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	33 min
Apr 1, 1:18 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	27 min
Apr 2, 4:35 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	15 hr
Apr 2, 1:09 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	66 min
Apr 2, 1:33 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	5 hr
Apr 2, 3:42 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	63 min
Apr 2, 6:02 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	7 hr
Apr 2, 7:14 PM CDT	Wind Advisory	BMX	9 hr
Apr 2, 8:48 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	57 min
Apr 2, 9:15 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	90 min
Apr 2, 9:40 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	65 min
Apr 2, 10:24 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	66 min
Apr 3, 3:59 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	8 hr
Apr 5, 3:16 PM CDT	Freeze Watch	BMX	23 hr
Apr 5, 3:16 PM CDT	Freeze Watch	BMX	47 hr
Apr 6, 4:49 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	15 hr
Apr 6, 2:12 PM CDT	Freeze Warning	BMX	18 hr
Apr 7, 4:16 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	12 hr
Apr 7, 1:59 PM CDT	Freeze Warning	BMX	18 hr
Apr 8, 6:28 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	12 hr
Apr 10, 4:25 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	95 min
Apr 10, 5:40 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	7 hr
Apr 10, 6:02 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	28 min
Apr 10, 11:23 AM CDT	Tornado Watch PDS	SPC	8 hr
Apr 10, 12:35 PM CDT	Wind Advisory	BMX	6 hr
Apr 10, 2:39 PM CDT	Tornado Watch PDS	SPC	8 hr
Apr 10, 3:18 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	24 min
Apr 10, 3:30 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	30 min
Apr 10, 3:43 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	92 min
Apr 10, 3:49 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	41 min
Apr 10, 4:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	34 min
Apr 10, 4:28 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	47 min
Apr 10, 5:01 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	44 min
Apr 10, 5:29 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	61 min
Apr 10, 5:37 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	23 min
Apr 10, 5:45 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	60 min
Apr 13, 12:41 AM CDT	High Wind Warning	BMX	7 hr
Apr 19, 4:36 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	13 hr
Apr 19, 2:19 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	7 hr
Apr 19, 7:05 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	55 min
Apr 19, 8:19 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	56 min
Apr 19, 8:23 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	52 min
Apr 19, 8:45 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	4 hr
Apr 19, 9:01 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	29 min
Apr 19, 9:28 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	47 min
Apr 21, 3:56 AM CDT	Wind Advisory	BMX	14 hr
May 1, 10:27 AM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	3 hr
May 2, 2:38 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	97 min
May 2, 2:55 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	6 hr
May 2, 5:22 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	53 min
May 2, 7:30 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	60 min
May 2, 8:19 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	41 min
May 2, 8:43 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	6 hr
May 3, 10:56 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	64 min
May 3, 11:35 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	5 hr
May 3, 1:49 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	56 min
May 3, 2:02 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	58 min
May 3, 2:48 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	BMX	57 min
May 3, 3:20 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	55 min
May 5, 11:45 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	90 min
May 6, 4:03 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	6 hr
May 6, 4:50 AM CDT	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	13 hr
May 6, 7:22 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	83 min
May 6, 9:04 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	56 min
May 6, 9:13 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	62 min
May 6, 9:27 AM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	9 hr
May 6, 10:08 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	52 min
May 6, 10:27 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	33 min
May 9, 5:31 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	89 min
May 9, 7:01 PM CDT	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	22 hr
May 16, 9:54 AM CDT	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	33 hr
Jun 11, 12:24 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	51 min
Jun 11, 12:43 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	47 min
Jun 12, 2:38 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	67 min
Jun 12, 3:01 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	7 hr
Jun 12, 5:24 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	96 min
Jun 12, 6:01 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	29 min
Jun 12, 8:00 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	90 min
Jun 12, 8:14 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	46 min
Jun 12, 8:36 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	39 min
Jun 14, 8:38 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	97 min
Jun 14, 8:50 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	6 hr
Jun 14, 10:45 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	90 min
Jun 14, 11:16 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	59 min
Jun 14, 11:41 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	64 min
Jun 14, 12:00 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	2 hr
Jun 15, 5:35 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	6 hr
Jun 15, 7:50 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	55 min
Jun 15, 8:52 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	38 min
Jun 15, 9:25 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	50 min
Jun 15, 9:55 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	50 min
Jun 28, 11:39 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	66 min
Jun 28, 12:34 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	7 hr
Jun 28, 2:15 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	45 min
Jun 28, 2:24 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	66 min
Jun 28, 3:52 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	53 min
Jun 28, 5:29 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	31 min
Jun 28, 6:27 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	2 hr
Jun 30, 6:05 AM CDT	Red Flag Warning	BMX	13 hr
Jul 12, 4:21 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	39 min
Jul 13, 1:07 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	23 min
Jul 13, 1:27 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	33 min
Jul 13, 1:38 AM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	3 hr
Jul 13, 1:45 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	90 min
Jul 30, 5:01 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	59 min
Jul 30, 5:38 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	3 hr
Jul 30, 6:29 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	61 min
Aug 1, 4:55 AM CDT	Dense Fog Advisory	BMX	3 hr
Sep 10, 11:53 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	3 hr
Sep 17, 7:23 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	112 min
Sep 17, 8:06 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	3 hr
Sep 17, 9:26 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	3 hr
Sep 18, 12:33 AM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	5 hr
Sep 18, 5:02 AM CDT	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	5 days
Sep 19, 2:54 AM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	111 min
Sep 21, 9:56 AM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	3 hr
Sep 21, 12:53 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	BMX	3 hr
Sep 26, 4:15 AM CDT	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	16 hr
Sep 26, 10:25 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	2 hr
Sep 26, 11:23 AM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	3 hr
Sep 26, 1:42 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	2 hr
Oct 9, 1:41 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	94 min
Oct 9, 2:39 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	4 hr
Oct 9, 3:51 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	23 min
Oct 9, 5:12 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	93 min
Oct 11, 9:20 PM CDT	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	19 hr
Oct 13, 9:06 AM CDT	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	19 hr
Oct 17, 9:27 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	9 hr
Oct 17, 2:53 PM CDT	Freeze Watch	BMX	22 hr
Oct 18, 12:26 PM CDT	Frost Advisory	BMX	21 hr
Oct 18, 5:02 PM CDT	Freeze Warning	BMX	16 hr
Oct 19, 5:29 PM CDT	Frost Advisory	BMX	16 hr
Oct 22, 2:44 PM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	20 hr
Oct 24, 3:35 PM CDT	Frost Advisory	BMX	5 hr
Oct 30, 3:41 AM CDT	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	27 hr
Oct 30, 5:20 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	3 hr
Oct 30, 7:58 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	92 min
Nov 5, 10:55 AM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	4 hr
Nov 5, 2:55 PM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	27 hr
Nov 5, 3:29 PM CST	Frost Advisory	BMX	17 hr
Nov 8, 2:32 PM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	29 hr
Nov 8, 2:32 PM CST	Wind Advisory	BMX	52 hr
Nov 9, 4:17 AM CST	Flood Watch	BMX	44 hr
Nov 10, 8:49 AM CST	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	3 hr
Nov 10, 12:42 PM CST	Areal Flood Warning	BMX	4 hr
Nov 10, 3:29 PM CST	Areal Flood Warning	BMX	3 hr
Nov 10, 6:02 PM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	21 hr
Nov 10, 6:22 PM CST	Areal Flood Warning	BMX	4 hr
Nov 11, 11:10 AM CST	River Flood Warning	BMX	23 hr
Nov 11, 11:10 AM CST	River Flood Warning	BMX	23 hr
Nov 14, 9:56 AM CST	River Flood Warning	BMX	7 hr
Nov 18, 3:09 AM CST	Frost Advisory	BMX	28 hr
Nov 19, 12:47 PM CST	Frost Advisory	BMX	19 hr
Dec 1, 2:41 PM CST	Wind Advisory	BMX	30 hr
Dec 4, 2:54 PM CST	Winter Weather Advisory	BMX	15 hr
Dec 4, 11:18 PM CST	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	6 hr
Dec 8, 4:36 AM CST	Lake Wind Advisory	BMX	24 hr
Dec 8, 4:56 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	32 min
Dec 8, 10:24 PM CST	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	96 min
Dec 8, 11:09 PM CST	Tornado Watch	SPC	5 hr
Dec 8, 11:14 PM CST	Tornado Warning	BMX	22 min
Dec 9, 12:09 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BMX	51 min
Dec 9, 12:25 AM CST	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	3 hr
Dec 9, 4:16 AM CST	Wind Advisory	BMX	13 hr
Dec 10, 4:10 PM CST	Fire Weather Watch	BMX	13 hr
Dec 11, 4:56 AM CST	Red Flag Warning	BMX	13 hr
Dec 13, 2:42 PM CST	Dense Fog Advisory	BMX	21 hr
Dec 14, 2:49 PM CST	Dense Fog Advisory	BMX	12 hr
Dec 17, 8:52 AM CST	Flash Flood Watch	BMX	27 hr
Dec 17, 9:00 PM CST	Wind Advisory	BMX	15 hr
Dec 18, 8:50 AM CST	Areal Flood Advisory	BMX	3 hr
Dec 23, 2:46 PM CST	Wind Advisory	BMX	36 hr
Dec 25, 4:08 AM CST	Wind Advisory	BMX	8 hr

By product

Every kind of product issued here, grouped by hazard. Each opens the same place narrowed to that product.

Product	Alerts
Severe storms
Severe Thunderstorm Warning	44
Tornado Warning	14
Severe Thunderstorm Watch	9
Tornado Watch	16
Mesoscale Discussion	42
Flooding
Areal Flood Warning	3
Flash Flood Warning	10
River Flood Warning	6
Flash Flood Watch	11
Flood Watch	1
Areal Flood Advisory	10
Winter
Winter Storm Warning	1
Winter Storm Watch	1
Winter Weather Advisory	1
Cold
Freeze Warning	3
Hard Freeze Warning	3
Freeze Watch	3
Hard Freeze Watch	3
Frost Advisory	7
Wind Chill Advisory	1
Wind and dust
High Wind Warning	1
Lake Wind Advisory	29
Wind Advisory	11
Fire
Red Flag Warning	15
Fire Weather Watch	11
Fog and smoke
Dense Fog Advisory	7

The busiest days

Days with the most alerts issued, by UTC date.

Nearby

Alerts in force now Tornadoes on record Forecast The radar archive 2008 2010

Sources

National Weather Service watches, warnings, advisories and statements from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's VTEC archive, which reconstructs tornado, severe thunderstorm, flash flood and marine warnings back to 1986 from the NWS text archive. Storm Prediction Center watches and mesoscale discussions from SPC's archive through the Mesonet. County centers from the US Census Bureau. Rebuilt daily.