EF2 tornado, Dayton to Brushy, Iowa, December 15, 2021

1. EF065 to 85 mph

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mph

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mphthis tornado

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF2

Date

December 15, 2021

Touchdown

6:00 PM CST (00:00 UTC)

Lifted

6:04 PM CST (00:04 UTC)

On the ground

4 minutes

Path length

5.5 miles (8.9 km)

Path width

80 yards (73 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

Property damage

$75,000

County

Webster County

Touchdown point

42.424, -94.058

Lift-off point

42.497, -94.011

Record number

2112151800-01

December 15, 2021 was an unprecedented and historic event for the state of Iowa and the central US. It featured the first-ever December derecho observed anywhere in the United States and the first Moderate Risk of severe thunderstorms issued by the NWS Storm Prediction Center in December for Iowa. Unofficially, it set the new single-day Iowa records for the most tornadoes and the most EF-2/F-2 or stronger tornadoes since 1950. Finally, it will break the all-time December record high temperature for Iowa. ||Tornadoes: There were 63 confirmed tornadoes that occurred in Iowa, 21 of which were rated EF-2. Sixty three is unofficially the most tornadoes in Iowa in a single day with the previous being 35 tornadoes on August 31, 2014. Further, 21 EF-2 tornadoes is unofficially the most EF-2/F-2 or stronger tornadoes in a single day with the previous being 16 tornadoes on June 7, 1984. Prior to this event, a total of 5 tornadoes had occurred in Iowa in December since 1950 with all of them in southeastern Iowa. | |Thunderstorm Wind: Numerous straight line wind gusts were also associated with these thunderstorms, some in excess of 80 mph. During the event, nearly the entire state of Iowa was under a Severe Thunderstorm Warning at some point. Audubon reported the highest gust in Iowa at 88 mph. This storm also met the criteria for a ���derecho'', which makes it the first derecho on record in the month of December anywhere in the United States. Finally, we had an unofficial gust of 108 mph recorded by a mesonet station near Sheffield, Iowa associated with one of the tornadic circulations. ||Environmental Wind: After the line of storms had passed, numerous strong, non-thunderstorm wind gusts over 70 mph occurred overnight. The top three non-thunderstorm wind gusts were 83 mph in Decatur City, 81 mph in Marshalltown, and 80 mph in Johnston. The Des Moines International Airport recorded a 74 mph non-thunderstorm wind gust, which is the highest non-thunderstorm wind gust at this location since 1970.| |Temperatures: In addition to the severe weather and strong non-thunderstorm winds, the temperatures were remarkable and record setting. Numerous record daily highs were broken by many degrees. In addition and preliminarily, the all-time December record high temperature for Iowa of 74 degrees that was set in Thurman, IA on December 6, 1939 was broken with four sites reaching 75 degrees (Oskaloosa, Muscatine, Iowa City, and Ottumwa).||For detailed environmental analysis, including soundings, please view the various local NWS office event review pages: NWS Des Moines, NWS Sioux Falls, NWS Omaha, NWS Wichita, NWS Pueblo, NWS Twin Cities, NWS Quad Cities, NWS Hastings, NWS La Crosse, NWS Green Bay, or NWS Milwaukee.

This tornado moved into Webster County from Boone County. It remained in rural areas of southeast Webster County producing tree and utility pole damage. EF2 damage was incurred to the southeast of Dayton along State Highway 175 where 8 utility poles were snapped. The tornado then moved into the Des Moines River east of Dayton valley where it dissipated.

This tornado travelled through both Webster and Hamilton Counties. This short section in Webster County produced no reportable damage but was observed via high resolution satellite imagery. The tornado moved into Hamilton County south of Stratford.

This tornado started on the east side of the Des Moines River valley southwest of Duncombe and moved quickly northeast. The tornado snapped several power poles near the intersection of Taylor Avenue and 220th Street west of Duncombe. Another outbuilding was destroyed northwest of Duncombe near the intersection of 210th Street and the Canadian National Railway. The tornado lifted not long afterwards.

This tornado was discovered using high resolution satellite imagery. The tornado started just east of the Brushy Creek State Preserve with a short path in rural Webster County before crossing into Hamilton County. No damage was reported in Webster County, hence the EFU rating for this segment.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

22 minutes of warning. NWS DMX issued a tornado warning for this county at 23:38 UTC, 22 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 00:15 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 19:26 UTC and running to 02:00 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 19:28 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Webster City (EBS), 14 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The Des Moines radar (KDMX), 85 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 00:03 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in IowaEvery tornado in Iowa since 1950Warnings in force in Iowa nowThe forecast where you are

124 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

All 125 of them

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.