Alert archive / Kentucky / Mesoscale Discussions in 2021

Mesoscale Discussion 258

March 25, 20215 states

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at Mar 25, 2021, 2:33 PM CDT for 5 states. It was in force for 117 min.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Mar 25, 2021, 2:33 PM CDT (19:33 UTC)
Expired
Mar 25, 2021, 4:30 PM CDT
In force
117 min
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Concerning
Severe potential...tornado watch likely
Chance of a watch
80%
All 61 counties

Alexander County, IL, Edwards County, IL, Franklin County, IL, Gallatin County, IL, Hamilton County, IL, Hardin County, IL, Jackson County, IL, Jefferson County, IL, Johnson County, IL, Lawrence County, IL, Massac County, IL, Perry County, IL, Pope County, IL, Pulaski County, IL, Richland County, IL, Saline County, IL, Union County, IL, Wabash County, IL, Wayne County, IL, White County, IL, Williamson County, IL, Dubois County, IN, Gibson County, IN, Knox County, IN, Pike County, IN, Posey County, IN, Spencer County, IN, Vanderburgh County, IN, Warrick County, IN, Ballard County, KY, Caldwell County, KY, Calloway County, KY, Carlisle County, KY, Christian County, KY, Crittenden County, KY, Daviess County, KY, Fulton County, KY, Graves County, KY, Hancock County, KY, Henderson County, KY, Hickman County, KY, Hopkins County, KY, Livingston County, KY, Lyon County, KY, Marshall County, KY, McCracken County, KY, McLean County, KY, Muhlenberg County, KY, Ohio County, KY, Trigg County, KY, Union County, KY, Webster County, KY, Cape Girardeau County, MO, Mississippi County, MO, New Madrid County, MO, Scott County, MO, Dyer County, TN, Henry County, TN, Lake County, TN, Obion County, TN, Weakley County, TN

The radar

The Paducah radar (KPAH), 42 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 19:35 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The watches that followed

Watches SPC issued over any of the same counties within four hours of this discussion.

The nearest sounding before it

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), launched 12:00Z, 7.6 hours before the alert went out and 208 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2021-03-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 60 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2021-03-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 168 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
60 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-88 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
753 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
57 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
168 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
113 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

851 
ACUS11 KWNS 251933
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 251933 
INZ000-KYZ000-TNZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-252130-

Mesoscale Discussion 0258
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0233 PM CDT Thu Mar 25 2021

Areas affected...The mid-Mississippi River Valley and lower Ohio
River Valley Region

Concerning...Severe potential...Tornado Watch likely 

Valid 251933Z - 252130Z

Probability of Watch Issuance...80 percent

SUMMARY...A tornado watch is likely in the coming hours as a surface
low and associated warm front continue to lift northward through the
late afternoon.

DISCUSSION...Surface observations over the past couple of hours have
shown 2-3 mb surface pressure falls over northeast AR into the lower
OH River Valley region. The surface low located over northeast AR
continues to consolidate and is expected to deepen further as it
lifts to the north/northeast. As this occurs, an associated surface
warm front will lift to the north and allow a higher theta-e air
mass (noted by temperatures and dewpoints in the 60s) to overspread
the mid-MS River Valley and lower OH River Valley regions and allow
MLCAPE to increase into the 500-1000 J/kg range. Storms are forecast
to develop along the surface warm front and surface trough in the
vicinity of the low, and southwesterly 60-70 knots of effective bulk
shear will help support discrete to semi-discrete storm modes. Along
with a hail/wind threat, backed low-level winds within the open warm
sector will support ESRH values on the order of 300 m2/s2 and a
tornado threat with any discrete convection that can develop. Recent
guidance suggests storm initiation within this region may occur
within the 22-00 UTC time frame. A tornado watch will likely be
needed in the coming hours to address this concern.

..Moore/Hart.. 03/25/2021

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

ATTN...WFO...LMK...OHX...IND...PAH...ILX...MEG...LSX...

LAT...LON   36498774 36148863 35988936 36238974 36718989 37438983
            38008958 38438912 38778824 38788726 38348672 37528679
            37008706 36498774

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Mar 25, 3:48 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCAlexander, Edwards, Franklin, Gallatin, Hamilton, Hardin and 13 more7 hr
Mar 25, 5:52 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAllen, Barren, Breckinridge, Butler, Caldwell, Calloway and 23 more83 min
Mar 25, 9:02 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCFranklin, Giles, Lawrence, Lincoln, Marion, Moore and 1 more118 min
Mar 25, 10:12 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCFranklin, Giles, Lincoln, Marion, Moore3 hr
Mar 25, 11:26 AM CDTTornado Watch PDSSPCFranklin, Giles, Lawrence, Lincoln, Moore, Wayne9 hr
Mar 25, 2:29 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBedford, Benton, Cannon, Cheatham, Chester, Davidson and 16 more2 hr
Mar 25, 4:31 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBledsoe, Blount, Bradley, Hamilton, Loudon, McMinn and 5 more119 min

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Kentucky, 2021Mesoscale Discussions in Illinois, 2021Mesoscale Discussions in Indiana, 2021Every mesoscale discussion in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.