Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Watches in 2017

Tornado Watch 11

January 21, 201742 counties in Alabama; 5 counties in Florida

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Jan 21, 2017, 3:56 AM CST for 42 counties in Alabama; 5 counties in Florida. It was in force for 8 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jan 21, 2017, 3:56 AM CST (09:56 UTC)
Expired
Jan 21, 2017, 12:00 PM CST
In force
8 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 47 counties

Autauga County, AL, Baldwin County, AL, Barbour County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Bullock County, AL, Butler County, AL, Chambers County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Choctaw County, AL, Clarke County, AL, Clay County, AL, Coffee County, AL, Conecuh County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Covington County, AL, Crenshaw County, AL, Dale County, AL, Dallas County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Escambia County, AL, Geneva County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Henry County, AL, Houston County, AL, Lee County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Macon County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Mobile County, AL, Monroe County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Perry County, AL, Pike County, AL, Randolph County, AL, Russell County, AL, Shelby County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tallapoosa County, AL, Washington County, AL, Wilcox County, AL, Escambia County, FL, Holmes County, FL, Okaloosa County, FL, Santa Rosa County, FL, Walton County, FL

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 122 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 09:59 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
50%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
50%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
30%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
10%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
80%

Warnings issued inside it

30 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 21, 4:19 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLowndes41 min
Jan 21, 4:24 AM CSTTornado WarningMOBChoctaw, Washington51 min
Jan 21, 4:52 AM CSTTornado WarningMOBChoctaw38 min
Jan 21, 5:06 AM CSTTornado Warning Considerable damage threatMOBChoctaw, Clarke39 min
Jan 21, 5:21 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXMarengo54 min
Jan 21, 5:45 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBClarke, Wilcox34 min
Jan 21, 7:02 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXAutauga, Lowndes43 min
Jan 21, 7:02 AM CSTTornado WarningMOBMobile22 min
Jan 21, 7:22 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBBaldwin, Mobile38 min
Jan 21, 7:24 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLowndes, Montgomery51 min
Jan 21, 7:37 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXElmore38 min
Jan 21, 7:52 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXElmore38 min
Jan 21, 7:58 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXElmore32 min
Jan 21, 8:07 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCoosa23 min
Jan 21, 8:18 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBButler, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw42 min
Jan 21, 8:22 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXCoosa, Elmore, Lee, Macon, Tallapoosa53 min
Jan 21, 8:41 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXChambers, Lee, Macon47 min
Jan 21, 8:47 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXPike43 min
Jan 21, 8:58 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXPike47 min
Jan 21, 8:58 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTAECoffee, Dale47 min
Jan 21, 9:19 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTAEGeneva, Houston41 min
Jan 21, 9:21 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBCovington39 min
Jan 21, 9:23 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXBarbour52 min
Jan 21, 9:25 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBOkaloosa50 min
Jan 21, 9:40 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTAEDale, Henry50 min
Jan 21, 9:56 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBOkaloosa34 min
Jan 21, 10:00 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTAECoffee, Dale, Geneva, Henry, Houston45 min
Jan 21, 10:28 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBOkaloosa32 min
Jan 21, 10:31 AM CSTTornado WarningTAEHolmes, Walton, Washington29 min
Jan 21, 10:55 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTAEHouston35 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 00:00Z, 9.9 hours before the alert went out and 123 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2017-01-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1 joules per kilogram.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2017-01-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 115 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1088 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
115 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
103 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

679 
WWUS20 KWNS 210955
SEL1  
SPC WW 210955
ALZ000-FLZ000-CWZ000-211700-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 11
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
355 AM CST Sat Jan 21 2017

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Central and southern Alabama
  The western Florida Panhandle
  Coastal Waters

* Effective this Saturday morning from 355 AM until 1100 AM CST.

* Primary threats include...
  A few tornadoes possible
  Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph possible
  Isolated large hail events to 1.5 inches in diameter possible

SUMMARY...A large complex of thunderstorms will spread
east-northeastward from Mississippi into Alabama through the morning
hours.  Embedded supercells will be possible with an associated risk
for a few tornadoes, damaging winds, and large hail.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 105 statute miles
north and south of a line from 50 miles north of Mobile AL to 25
miles southeast of Auburn AL. For a complete depiction of the watch
see the associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS WOU1).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 10...

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 1.5 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 500. Mean
storm motion vector 24040.

...Thompson

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 21, 3:00 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Bullock, Butler and 36 more90 min
Jan 21, 7:41 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Chambers and 24 more94 min
Jan 21, 9:19 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBarbour, Coffee, Dale, Geneva, Henry, Houston and 1 more86 min
Jan 21, 8:04 AM CSTTornado WatchSPCBay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Gulf, Jackson, Liberty and 1 more6 hr
Jan 21, 12:06 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Gulf, Hamilton, Jackson and 6 more114 min
Jan 21, 1:12 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCBay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Jefferson and 3 more5 hr
Jan 21, 3:03 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaker, Columbia, Franklin, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hamilton and 9 more57 min
Jan 21, 5:05 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gulf, Jefferson, Leon and 4 more55 min
Jan 21, 12:51 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCAppling, Atkinson, Bacon, Bryan, Bulloch, Burke and 19 more4 hr
Jan 21, 2:06 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAppling, Atkinson, Bacon, Brantley, Bryan, Bulloch and 20 more84 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Alabama, 2017Tornado Watches in Florida, 2017Every tornado watch in 2017

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.