Alert archive / Alabama / Mesoscale Discussions in 2017

Mesoscale Discussion 86

January 21, 201742 counties in Alabama; 4 counties in Florida

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at Jan 21, 2017, 3:00 AM CST for 42 counties in Alabama; 4 counties in Florida. It was in force for 90 min.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jan 21, 2017, 3:00 AM CST (09:00 UTC)
Expired
Jan 21, 2017, 4:30 AM CST
In force
90 min
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Chance of a watch
80%
All 46 counties

Autauga County, AL, Baldwin County, AL, Barbour County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Bullock County, AL, Butler County, AL, Chambers County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Choctaw County, AL, Clarke County, AL, Clay County, AL, Coffee County, AL, Conecuh County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Covington County, AL, Crenshaw County, AL, Dale County, AL, Dallas County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Escambia County, AL, Geneva County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Lee County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Macon County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Mobile County, AL, Monroe County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Perry County, AL, Pike County, AL, Randolph County, AL, Russell County, AL, Shelby County, AL, St. Clair County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tallapoosa County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Washington County, AL, Wilcox County, AL, Escambia County, FL, Okaloosa County, FL, Santa Rosa County, FL, Walton County, FL

The radar

The Maxwell AFB radar (KMXX), 91 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 09:01 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The watches that followed

Watches SPC issued over any of the same counties within four hours of this discussion.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 00:00Z, 9.0 hours before the alert went out and 127 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2017-01-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1 joules per kilogram.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2017-01-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 115 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1088 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
115 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
103 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

583 
ACUS11 KWNS 210900
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 210900 
ALZ000-FLZ000-211030-

Mesoscale Discussion 0086
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0300 AM CST Sat Jan 21 2017

Areas affected...Central/southern Alabama and the western Florida
Panhandle

Concerning...Severe potential...Tornado Watch likely 

Valid 210900Z - 211030Z

Probability of Watch Issuance...80 percent

SUMMARY...The risk for a few tornadoes, damaging winds, and large
hail will spread east-northeastward into Alabama and the western
Florida Panhandle through sunrise.  A tornado watch will likely be
needed by 10z.

DISCUSSION...The ongoing convective cluster and an associated
mesolow in southeast LA/southwest MS will continue to develop/move
northeastward toward AL, in association with an ejecting midlevel
trough (see MCD 0085 for additional information in MS/LA for tornado
watch 10).  A strengthening southerly low-level jet will likewise
develop toward AL and enhance the northward transport of low-level
moisture.  With at least weak buoyancy rooted at or very near the
surface, increasing low-level shear with the approach of the mesolow
will support an expansion of the tornado risk from MS into AL
through the morning.  Thus, a tornado watch will likely be needed by
10z as the initial warm advection storms slowly increase over
southwest AL, and the mesolow approaches the MS/AL state line by
12z.

..Thompson.. 01/21/2017

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

ATTN...WFO...TAE...BMX...MOB...

LAT...LON   31618535 30928590 30538617 30418789 30618828 31738836
            32788831 33308761 33788621 33738557 33308532 32338511
            31618535

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 21, 3:56 AM CSTTornado WatchSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Bullock, Butler and 36 more8 hr
Jan 21, 7:41 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Chambers and 24 more94 min
Jan 21, 9:19 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBarbour, Coffee, Dale, Geneva, Henry, Houston and 1 more86 min
Jan 21, 8:04 AM CSTTornado WatchSPCBay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Gulf, Jackson, Liberty and 1 more6 hr
Jan 21, 12:06 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Gulf, Hamilton, Jackson and 6 more114 min
Jan 21, 1:12 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCBay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Jefferson and 3 more5 hr
Jan 21, 3:03 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaker, Columbia, Franklin, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hamilton and 9 more57 min
Jan 21, 5:05 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gulf, Jefferson, Leon and 4 more55 min

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Alabama, 2017Mesoscale Discussions in Florida, 2017Every mesoscale discussion in 2017

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.