Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Watches in 2021

Tornado Watch 36

March 17, 202150 counties in Alabama; 26 counties in Mississippi

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Mar 17, 2021, 6:48 PM CDT for 50 counties in Alabama; 26 counties in Mississippi. It was in force for 8 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Mar 17, 2021, 6:48 PM CDT (23:48 UTC)
Expired
Mar 18, 2021, 3:00 AM CDT
In force
8 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Particularly dangerous situation
Yes
Largest hail expected
1.5 in
Strongest gust expected
70 kt
All 76 counties

Autauga County, AL, Baldwin County, AL, Barbour County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Blount County, AL, Bullock County, AL, Butler County, AL, Calhoun County, AL, Chambers County, AL, Cherokee County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Choctaw County, AL, Clarke County, AL, Clay County, AL, Cleburne County, AL, Conecuh County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Crenshaw County, AL, Dallas County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Escambia County, AL, Etowah County, AL, Fayette County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Jefferson County, AL, Lamar County, AL, Lee County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Macon County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Marion County, AL, Mobile County, AL, Monroe County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Perry County, AL, Pickens County, AL, Pike County, AL, Randolph County, AL, Russell County, AL, Shelby County, AL, St. Clair County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tallapoosa County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Walker County, AL, Washington County, AL, Wilcox County, AL, Winston County, AL, Attala County, MS, Choctaw County, MS, Clarke County, MS, Clay County, MS, Covington County, MS, Forrest County, MS, George County, MS, Greene County, MS, Jasper County, MS, Jones County, MS, Kemper County, MS, Lamar County, MS, Lauderdale County, MS, Leake County, MS, Lowndes County, MS, Neshoba County, MS, Newton County, MS, Noxubee County, MS, Oktibbeha County, MS, Perry County, MS, Scott County, MS, Smith County, MS, Stone County, MS, Wayne County, MS, Webster County, MS, Winston County, MS

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 124 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:50 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
80%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
80%
Ten or more severe wind reports
90%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
80%
Ten or more severe hail reports
40%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
20%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
95%

Warnings issued inside it

20 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Mar 17, 6:48 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXDallas42 min
Mar 17, 7:10 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBChoctaw, Washington65 min
Mar 17, 7:18 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXAutauga, Dallas17 min
Mar 17, 7:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANKemper30 min
Mar 17, 7:47 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXFayette, Lamar, Marion58 min
Mar 17, 7:48 PM CDTTornado WarningJANKemper27 min
Mar 17, 8:01 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXGreene, Pickens, Sumter22 min
Mar 17, 8:15 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXAutauga39 min
Mar 17, 8:22 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBPerry, Stone38 min
Mar 17, 8:31 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBClarke, Monroe, Washington, Wilcox44 min
Mar 17, 8:32 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXAutauga, Chilton, Elmore19 min
Mar 17, 8:54 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBGeorge, Greene, Perry, Stone28 min
Mar 17, 9:51 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXAutauga, Chilton, Coosa, Elmore, Lowndes, Montgomery69 min
Mar 17, 9:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBButler, Crenshaw50 min
Mar 17, 10:06 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXSt. Clair, Shelby, Talladega69 min
Mar 17, 10:22 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCalhoun, Cherokee, Etowah, St. Clair68 min
Mar 17, 10:30 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXBullock, Lee, Macon, Tallapoosa75 min
Mar 17, 10:31 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBBaldwin, Clarke, Mobile, Monroe, Washington44 min
Mar 17, 10:43 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXCoosa6 min
Mar 18, 12:32 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBBaldwin28 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 11.8 hours before the alert went out and 124 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2021-03-17Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 658 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2021-03-17The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 169 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
658 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-112 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
759 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
59 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
169 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
301 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
2.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

477 
WWUS20 KWNS 172346
SEL6  
SPC WW 172346
ALZ000-MSZ000-CWZ000-180800-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 36
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
645 PM CDT Wed Mar 17 2021

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Alabama
  Eastern Mississippi
  Coastal Waters

* Effective this Wednesday night and Thursday morning from 645 PM
  until 300 AM CDT.

...THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION...

* Primary threats include...
  Several tornadoes and a few intense tornadoes likely
  Widespread damaging winds and scattered significant gusts to 80
    mph likely
  Scattered large hail events to 1.5 inches in diameter possible

SUMMARY...A further strengthening of low/mid-level winds this
evening will support a combination of semi-discrete supercells as
well as organizing fast-moving line segments across much of eastern
Mississippi into Alabama. Tornadoes, including a few strong, aside
from damaging winds will be the most prevalent hazards.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 100 statute miles
north and south of a line from 15 miles northwest of Pine Belt MS to
35 miles southeast of Anniston AL. For a complete depiction of the
watch see the associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS WOU6).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 29...WW 31...WW 32...WW
33...WW 34...WW 35...

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 1.5 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 70 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 500. Mean
storm motion vector 24040.

...Guyer

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Mar 17, 10:56 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Bibb, Chilton, Choctaw, Clarke, Coosa and 17 more2 hr
Mar 17, 11:36 AM CDTTornado Watch PDSSPCAutauga, Bibb, Blount, Chilton, Choctaw, Clarke and 25 more7 hr
Mar 17, 12:02 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChoctaw, Clarke, Marengo58 min
Mar 17, 1:01 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Chilton, Coosa, Elmore, Lowndes, Montgomery and 1 more89 min
Mar 17, 1:26 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCCalhoun, Chambers, Cherokee, Cleburne, Elmore, Etowah and 7 more5 hr
Mar 17, 1:45 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCMobile90 min
Mar 17, 2:24 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBibb, Chilton, Dallas, Hale, Marengo, Perry96 min
Mar 17, 5:49 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Bibb, Blount, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun and 32 more86 min
Mar 17, 6:09 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCColbert, Franklin, Lamar, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Marion66 min
Mar 17, 5:34 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlcorn, Benton, Bolivar, Calhoun, Coahoma, DeSoto and 15 more86 min
Mar 17, 5:53 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCAlcorn, Benton, Bolivar, Calhoun, Chickasaw, Coahoma and 20 more7 hr
Mar 17, 7:38 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlcorn, Benton, Coahoma, DeSoto, Itawamba, Lafayette and 11 more67 min
Mar 17, 12:15 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBolivar, Calhoun, Carroll, Claiborne, Coahoma, Grenada and 22 more90 min
Mar 17, 12:57 PM CDTTornado Watch PDSSPCAdams, Alcorn, Benton, Bolivar, Calhoun, Carroll and 32 more6 hr
Mar 17, 1:19 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCJefferson Davis, Lawrence, Lincoln, Simpson, Smith86 min
Mar 17, 2:38 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCAmite, Hancock, Harrison, Jackson, Pearl River, Pike and 2 more8 hr
Mar 17, 2:56 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Attala, Bolivar, Calhoun, Carroll, Chickasaw and 41 more94 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Alabama, 2021Tornado Watches in Mississippi, 2021Every tornado watch in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.