Alert archive / Tennessee / Mesoscale Discussions in 2021

Mesoscale Discussion 516

May 4, 20216 states

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at May 4, 2021, 1:06 AM CDT for 6 states. It was in force for 114 min.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
May 4, 2021, 1:06 AM CDT (06:06 UTC)
Expired
May 4, 2021, 3:00 AM CDT
In force
114 min
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Concerning
Severe potential...watch likely
Chance of a watch
95%
All 86 counties

Clay County, AR, Craighead County, AR, Crittenden County, AR, Cross County, AR, Greene County, AR, Jackson County, AR, Lawrence County, AR, Mississippi County, AR, Poinsett County, AR, St. Francis County, AR, Woodruff County, AR, Alexander County, IL, Franklin County, IL, Gallatin County, IL, Hamilton County, IL, Hardin County, IL, Jackson County, IL, Johnson County, IL, Massac County, IL, Pope County, IL, Pulaski County, IL, Saline County, IL, Union County, IL, White County, IL, Williamson County, IL, Posey County, IN, Vanderburgh County, IN, Warrick County, IN, Ballard County, KY, Caldwell County, KY, Calloway County, KY, Carlisle County, KY, Christian County, KY, Crittenden County, KY, Fulton County, KY, Graves County, KY, Henderson County, KY, Hickman County, KY, Hopkins County, KY, Livingston County, KY, Lyon County, KY, Marshall County, KY, McCracken County, KY, McLean County, KY, Trigg County, KY, Union County, KY, Webster County, KY, Bollinger County, MO, Butler County, MO, Cape Girardeau County, MO, Dunklin County, MO, Madison County, MO, Mississippi County, MO, New Madrid County, MO, Pemiscot County, MO, Perry County, MO, Ripley County, MO, Scott County, MO, Stoddard County, MO, Wayne County, MO, Benton County, TN, Carroll County, TN, Chester County, TN, Crockett County, TN, Decatur County, TN, Dyer County, TN, Fayette County, TN, Gibson County, TN, Hardeman County, TN, Hardin County, TN, Haywood County, TN, Henderson County, TN, Henry County, TN, Houston County, TN, Humphreys County, TN, Lake County, TN, Lauderdale County, TN, Madison County, TN, McNairy County, TN, Montgomery County, TN, Obion County, TN, Perry County, TN, Shelby County, TN, Stewart County, TN, Tipton County, TN, Weakley County, TN

The radar

The Paducah radar (KPAH), 73 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 06:07 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The watches that followed

Watches SPC issued over any of the same counties within four hours of this discussion.

The nearest sounding before it

Little Rock, AR (KLZK), launched 00:00Z, 6.1 hours before the alert went out and 204 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Little Rock, AR at 00:00Z on 2021-05-04Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 3608 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Little Rock, AR at 00:00Z on 2021-05-04The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 36 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
3608 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-3 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1081 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
34 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
36 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
199 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
2.3
Supercell composite
15.3

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

263 
ACUS11 KWNS 040606
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 040606 
KYZ000-INZ000-TNZ000-ILZ000-MSZ000-MOZ000-ARZ000-040800-

Mesoscale Discussion 0516
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0106 AM CDT Tue May 04 2021

Areas affected...southeastern Missouri...southern
Illinois...southwestern Indiana...eastern Arkansas...western
Tennessee

Concerning...Severe potential...Watch likely 

Valid 040606Z - 040800Z

Probability of Watch Issuance...95 percent

SUMMARY...Severe risk will gradually increase across Mid Mississippi
and lower Ohio Valleys, as convection expands/spreads eastward.  A
WW will be required.

DISCUSSION...Latest radar loop shows a large MCS -- comprised of a
well-organized bowing band of storms moving eastward across northern
and central Arkansas, and several smaller clusters of intense
convection to the southwest.

Ahead of the convection, a very unstable airmass -- characterized by
mixed-layer CAPE in excess of 2500 J/kg -- exists, in advance of the
cold front crossing Missouri/Oklahoma/eastern Texas at this time. 
As this front -- and the associated upper trough crossing
Kansas/Oklahoma/Texas -- progress, risk for damaging winds and hail
will spread across the Mid Mississippi Valley area, with convective
intensity aided by stronger flow spreading across the region ahead
of the upper system.  With the Arkansas bowing segment nearing
northeastern portions of WW 137, a new watch -- across the lower
Ohio Valley area and adjacent portions of the Mid Mississippi Valley
-- will be needed within the next hour.

..Goss/Guyer.. 05/04/2021

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

ATTN...WFO...LMK...OHX...PAH...MEG...LSX...LZK...

LAT...LON   37109069 37639053 38248865 38268724 37498709 35328772
            34898898 34949019 34969162 37109069

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
May 3, 8:38 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCArkansas, Baxter, Boone, Calhoun, Carroll, Clark and 60 more2 hr
May 3, 9:10 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCBaxter, Benton, Boone, Calhoun, Carroll, Clark and 50 more7 hr
May 3, 10:22 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBoone, Crawford, Franklin, Johnson, Madison, Marion and 2 more83 min
May 3, 11:34 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaxter, Boone, Carroll, Clark, Cleburne, Conway and 27 more86 min
May 4, 1:41 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCClay, Craighead, Crittenden, Cross, Greene, Mississippi and 2 more6 hr
May 4, 2:02 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCClay, Conway, Craighead, Cross, Faulkner, Garland and 16 more88 min
May 4, 4:17 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCCrittenden88 min
May 4, 6:44 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBradley, Calhoun, Clark, Cleveland, Columbia, Dallas and 8 more2 hr
May 4, 10:52 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCAshley, Bradley, Calhoun, Chicot, Columbia, Desha and 2 more7 hr
May 4, 11:58 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCCrittenden, Lee, Phillips2 hr
May 4, 12:18 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCPhillips5 hr
May 4, 1:59 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCCleburne, Conway, Craighead, Cross, Faulkner, Greene and 17 more2 hr
May 3, 7:58 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCClark, Clay, Crawford, Cumberland, Effingham, Jasper and 2 more3 hr
May 4, 1:17 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdair, Allen, Barren, Butler, Christian, Clinton and 19 more118 min
May 4, 5:13 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCAdair, Allen, Barren, Butler, Clinton, Cumberland and 11 more5 hr
May 4, 7:31 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAnderson, Bedford, Bledsoe, Bradley, Campbell, Cannon and 33 more89 min
May 4, 8:37 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCAnderson, Blount, Bradley, Jefferson, Knox, Loudon and 7 more3 hr

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Tennessee, 2021Mesoscale Discussions in Kentucky, 2021Mesoscale Discussions in Illinois, 2021Every mesoscale discussion in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.