Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Tornado Watches in 2012

Tornado Watch 643

September 18, 201221 counties in New Jersey; 8 counties in New York; 34 counties in Pennsylvania

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Sep 18, 2012, 12:10 PM EDT for 21 counties in New Jersey; 8 counties in New York; 34 counties in Pennsylvania. It was in force for 9 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Sep 18, 2012, 12:10 PM EDT (16:10 UTC)
Expired
Sep 18, 2012, 8:56 PM EDT
In force
9 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
0.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 63 counties

Atlantic County, NJ, Bergen County, NJ, Burlington County, NJ, Camden County, NJ, Cape May County, NJ, Cumberland County, NJ, Essex County, NJ, Gloucester County, NJ, Hudson County, NJ, Hunterdon County, NJ, Mercer County, NJ, Middlesex County, NJ, Monmouth County, NJ, Morris County, NJ, Ocean County, NJ, Passaic County, NJ, Salem County, NJ, Somerset County, NJ, Sussex County, NJ, Union County, NJ, Warren County, NJ, Bronx County, NY, Kings County, NY, New York County, NY, Orange County, NY, Queens County, NY, Richmond County, NY, Rockland County, NY, Sullivan County, NY, Adams County, PA, Berks County, PA, Bradford County, PA, Bucks County, PA, Carbon County, PA, Chester County, PA, Columbia County, PA, Cumberland County, PA, Dauphin County, PA, Delaware County, PA, Franklin County, PA, Juniata County, PA, Lackawanna County, PA, Lancaster County, PA, Lebanon County, PA, Lehigh County, PA, Luzerne County, PA, Lycoming County, PA, Monroe County, PA, Montgomery County, PA, Montour County, PA, Northampton County, PA, Northumberland County, PA, Perry County, PA, Philadelphia County, PA, Pike County, PA, Schuylkill County, PA, Snyder County, PA, Sullivan County, PA, Susquehanna County, PA, Union County, PA, Wayne County, PA, Wyoming County, PA, York County, PA

The radar

The Binghamton radar (KBGM), 131 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:10 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
50%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
80%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
5%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
5%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
90%

Warnings issued inside it

28 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 18, 12:32 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams, Lancaster, York43 min
Sep 18, 1:03 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMBradford57 min
Sep 18, 1:16 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams, York59 min
Sep 18, 1:22 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPDauphin, Lancaster, Lebanon, Schuylkill53 min
Sep 18, 1:32 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIBerks, Lehigh43 min
Sep 18, 2:00 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningCTPAdams, Cumberland, Dauphin, Lancaster, Lebanon, Schuylkill and 1 more5 hr
Sep 18, 2:13 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams, Cumberland, Dauphin, Lancaster, Lebanon, Schuylkill and 1 more62 min
Sep 18, 2:23 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIChester, Montgomery30 min
Sep 18, 2:25 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHICarbon, Lehigh, Monroe, Northampton4 hr
Sep 18, 2:52 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIBucks, Lehigh, Northampton17 min
Sep 18, 3:03 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMSullivan32 min
Sep 18, 3:11 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPLancaster, York79 min
Sep 18, 4:19 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIBerks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery56 min
Sep 18, 4:21 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHISalem69 min
Sep 18, 4:22 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningBGMSullivan8 hr
Sep 18, 4:23 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIWarren52 min
Sep 18, 5:01 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIHunterdon, Warren59 min
Sep 18, 5:12 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHICamden, Gloucester78 min
Sep 18, 5:13 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIMorris, Sussex, Warren62 min
Sep 18, 5:23 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHISalem52 min
Sep 18, 5:55 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOKXPassaic65 min
Sep 18, 6:00 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIBurlington, Camden, Gloucester, Hunterdon, Mercer, Middlesex and 3 more60 min
Sep 18, 6:48 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOKXBergen, Essex, Hudson, Union57 min
Sep 18, 6:52 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIMiddlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Somerset53 min
Sep 18, 7:02 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOKXPassaic43 min
Sep 18, 7:38 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOKXBergen, Hudson52 min
Sep 18, 7:56 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIAtlantic, Burlington, Cape May, Ocean64 min
Sep 18, 8:29 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOKXKings, Nassau, Queens, Westchester46 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Phillips Aaf/Abe, MD (KAPG), launched 12:00Z, 4.2 hours before the alert went out and 184 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Phillips Aaf/Abe, MD at 12:00Z on 2012-09-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 330 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Phillips Aaf/Abe, MD at 12:00Z on 2012-09-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 265 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
330 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-6 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
519 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
265 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
275 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.4
Supercell composite
2.3

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

774 
WWUS20 KWNS 181614
SEL3
SPC WW 181614
DEZ000-MDZ000-NJZ000-NYZ000-PAZ000-CWZ000-182300-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 643
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1210 PM EDT TUE SEP 18 2012

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF

       DELAWARE
       EASTERN MARYLAND
       NEW JERSEY
       FAR SOUTHEAST NEW YORK
       EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA
       COASTAL WATERS

EFFECTIVE THIS TUESDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM 1210 PM UNTIL
700 PM EDT.

TORNADOES...HAIL TO 0.5 INCH IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND
GUSTS TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE
AREAS.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 95 STATUTE
MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 20 MILES NORTH OF MONTICELLO
NEW YORK TO 30 MILES WEST SOUTHWEST OF PHILADELPHIA PENNSYLVANIA.
 FOR A COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE ASSOCIATED WATCH
OUTLINE UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU3).

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 641...WW 642...

DISCUSSION...FORCED BAND OF CONVECTION OVER CNTRL PA IS EXPECTED TO
INTENSIFY THIS AFTERNOON WITH ADDITIONAL MORE DISCRETE STORM
DEVELOPMENT POSSIBLE FARTHER E NEARER TO THE ATLANTIC COAST.
WIDESPREAD CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION WILL LIMIT THE DEGREE OF AIR
MASS DESTABILIZATION.  HOWEVER...GIVEN THE VERY MOIST
ENVIRONMENT...SUFFICIENT INSTABILITY WILL DEVELOP TO SUPPORT TSTMS.
AS BOTH VERTICAL SHEAR AND FORCING FOR ASCENT CONTINUE TO INCREASE
THROUGH THE AFTERNOON...EXPECT A CORRESPONDING ORGANIZATION OF
STORMS INTO LEWP/BOW STRUCTURES AND POSSIBLY SUPERCELLS CAPABLE OF
TORNADOES AND DAMAGING WINDS.

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 0.5 INCH. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE
WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO
400. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 23040.


...MEAD

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 18, 11:14 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPC91 min
Sep 18, 3:26 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPC34 min
Sep 18, 3:38 PM EDTTornado WatchSPCGreater Bridgeport Planning Region, Northwest Hills Planning Region, Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region, Naugatuck Valley Planning Region, Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region8 hr
Sep 18, 4:21 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPC114 min
Sep 18, 4:41 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPC2 hr
Sep 18, 7:42 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPC63 min
Sep 18, 7:54 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCCapitol Planning Region, Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region6 hr
Sep 18, 11:19 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCCamden, Gloucester, Hunterdon, Mercer, Morris, Passaic and 4 more86 min
Sep 18, 1:56 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAtlantic, Bergen, Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland and 15 more64 min
Sep 18, 6:08 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAtlantic, Bergen, Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland and 11 more67 min
Sep 18, 6:15 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAtlantic, Cape May, Cumberland, Salem30 min
Sep 18, 12:57 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlbany, Broome, Chemung, Chenango, Columbia, Cortland and 11 more93 min
Sep 18, 1:21 PM EDTTornado WatchSPCBroome, Chenango, Cortland, Delaware, Madison, Oneida and 4 more5 hr
Sep 18, 2:10 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCClinton, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Hamilton, Herkimer and 6 more95 min
Sep 18, 8:49 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Cumberland, Franklin, Lancaster, York116 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Pennsylvania, 2012Tornado Watches in New Jersey, 2012Tornado Watches in New York, 2012Every tornado watch in 2012

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.