Tornadoes · United States · Kansas · 2008
EF1 tornado, Oberlin to Lebanon, Kansas, May 22, 2008
From Oberlin to Lebanon, this EF1 tornado ran 34.0 miles across Decatur and Red Willow counties on May 22, 2008, touching down at 6:31 PM CDT and reaching 400 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $1.9 million of property damage.
The rating scale
Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.
EF065 to 85 mph
Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.
EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado
Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.
EF2111 to 135 mph
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.
EF3136 to 165 mph
Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.
EF4166 to 200 mph
Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.
EF5over 200 mph
Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.
Unrated
The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.
The record
- Rating
- EF1
- Date
- May 22, 2008
- Touchdown
- 6:31 PM CDT (23:31 UTC)
- Lifted
- 7:34 PM CDT (00:34 UTC)
- On the ground
- 63 minutes
- Path length
- 34.0 miles (54.7 km)
- Path width
- 400 yards (366 m)
- Deaths
- 0
- Injuries
- 0
- Property damage
- $1.9 million
- Counties
- Decatur and Red Willow counties
- Touchdown point
- 39.631, -100.421
- Lift-off point
- 40.124, -100.286
- Record number
- 0805221731-03
What the Weather Service recorded
A series of intense supercell thunderstorms moved north across the area during the afternoon and early evening hours. Long-track tornadoes, flash flooding, large hail and damaging winds were reported across much of northwest Kansas into extreme southern Nebraska. Eleven tornadoes were verified by storm chasers and damage surveys.
Southern Nebraska was on the fringe of the major tornado event in NW Kansas on this day. One long-track tornado moved across most of Decatur county Kansas before entering Red Willow county and producing damage. An isolated hail report was also received.
The same supercell thunderstorm which produced the tornado across SW-C Decatur county developed a second tornado about 3 miles SW of Oberlin. This tornado moved north and and dissipated one mile SE of Cedar Falls, traveling along the west side of highway 83. This tornado remained mostly over open fields, but destroyed a number of irrigation pivots and damaged. The rear flank downdraft caused damage in several locations on highway 83, including grain bins at a feed lot and outbuildings at a farmstead.
An intense supercell thunderstorm produced this long track tornado which traveled 34 miles from extreme southern Decatur county into Red Willow county Nebraska. Dozens of utility poles were snapped and numerous outbuildings were destroyed.
This tornado moved into Red Willow county from Decatur county, Kansas. A garage lost a roof and 2 walls approximately 3.5 miles north of Lebanon. A stock trailer was pushed 6 feet and 4 oil tanks were blown over, one being tossed 1/4 mile. About 25 utility poles were either broken or damaged in this area.
From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.
The forecast that day
The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a High Risk, with a 0.30 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 19:59 UTC.
SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Goodland, KS wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at May 22, 2:23 PM CDT, 4 hours 8 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, May 22, 2:23 PM CDT, 4 hours 8 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GOODLAND KS
123 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
.DISCUSSION...
123 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
FORECAST PROBLEMS INTO THE WEEKEND WILL CONTINUE TO REVOLVE AROUND
STRONG WINDS...FIRE WEATHER CONCERNS...AND BOUTS OF SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS. SATELLITE SHOWING THAT THE AMPLIFICATION PROCESS
CONTINUES. UPPER LOW NOW HAS NOT ONLY CUT OFF OVER THE GREAT BASIN...
BUT HAS ALSO BEGUN TO RETROGRESS. WITH VERY STRONG RIDGE IN THE
EASTERN PACIFIC AND STRONG CENTRAL NORTH AMERICA RIDGE/LARGE
EASTERN NORTH AMERICAN UPPER LOW...CONTINUE TO EXPECT VERY LITTLE
CHANGE IN THE UPPER FLOW.
ON THIS PACKAGE WILL NOT BE ISSUING ANY NEW HIGHLIGHTS. WILL BE TIED
UP WITH SEVERE WEATHER...AND DO NOT WANT TO BURDEN EVENING CREW
WITH UPDATES. WILL HIT THESE PARAMETERS HARD IN THE GRIDS AND
REGULARLY ISSUED PRODUCTS. WILL LET OVERNIGHT CREW DECIDE ON THE
NEED FOR ANY WIND AND FIRE HIGHLIGHTS.
TONIGHT/FRIDAY...DRY LINE HAS SET UP FURTHER SOUTH AND WEST THAN
DEPICTED 24 HOURS AGO. AHEAD OF THIS...LOW LEVEL AIR MASS IS VERY
MOIST WITH DEEP SOUTHERLY FLOW ABOVE THIS BRINGING IN ADDITIONAL
MOISTURE. STRONG SHORTWAVE TROUGH AND JET SEGMENT TO OUR WEST AND
SOUTH WILL MOVE INTO THE AREA THIS AFTERNOON. ALSO EXPECT DIFLUENT
FLOW ALOFT TO SPREAD OVER THE AREA. SO EXPECT WIDESPREAD
THUNDERSTORMS WITH SEVERE WEATHER ALMOST A DEFINITE. ANOTHER CONCERN
IS LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL. STORMS THAT FORMED YESTERDAY IN COLORADO
TRAINED OVER THE SAME AREA. EVEN THOUGH STORMS WILL BE MOVING
QUICKLY WOULD EXPECT THE SAME TRAINING AFFECT TODAY WITH A MUCH
MORE MOIST AIR MASS. EXCESSIVE RAINFALL DISCUSSION HAS MENTIONED OUR
AREA. SO IN ADDITION TO THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL MENTION HEAVY
RAINFALL AS WELL.
SIMILAR SETUP FOR FRIDAY...AND ALL THE WEATHER DEPENDS ON THE
POSITION OF THE DRY LINE. OBVIOUSLY GREATER POPS WILL BE TO NORTH
AND EAST OF THIS FEATURE. WILL BE CLOSE TO ABOVE WIND ADVISORY
CRITERIA FOR MOST OF THE AREA. SOME PLACES AGAIN MAY GET CLOSE TO
HIGH WIND WARNING. WEST OF THE DRY LINE MAY NEED A FIRE HIGHLIGHT AS
WELL. WILL BE GOING NEAR TO BELOW GUIDANCE.
FRIDAY NIGHT/SATURDAY...POPS WILL BE ORIENTED FOR THE NIGHT
ACCORDING TO THE BOUNDARY POSITION. WILL PROBABLY BE HIGHER OVER THE
NORTHEAST HALF AGAIN. ON SATURDAY...WHEREVER THE DRY LINE IS WILL BE
DETERMINER FOR POPS...AND WILL PUT IN THE APPROPRIATEPOPS.
SATURDAY NIGHT/SUNDAY...AGAIN NOT A LOT TIME TO LOOK AT THIS. POPS
CHANCE AND COVERAGE WILL BE DETERMINED BY BOUNDARY POSITION.
SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY...DID NOT SPEND A LOT OF TIME ON THIS
DUE TO CURRENT AND EXPECTED HAZARDOUS WEATHER. SOME KIND OF
BOUNDARY WILL BE IN...NEAR OR MOVING THROUGH DURING THIS TIME. ALSO
PERIODIC PIECES OF THE JET AND SHORTWAVE TROUGHS MOVING THROUGH IN
SOUTHWEST FLOW ALOFT MAKE FOR SOME KIND OF CHANCE THROUGH THE WHOLE
PERIOD. USED HPC GRIDS AND TWEEKED THEM AT MOST.
THANKS TO ALL FOR COLLABORATION.
BULLER
&&
.AVIATION...
1130 AM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
FOR THE 18Z TAFS...STRONG SOUTH/SOUTHEASTERLY WINDS WILL CONTINUE
AND CONDITIONS WILL FLUCTUATE BETWEEN VFR AND MVFR THROUGH THE FIRST
12 HOURS OF THE TAF PERIOD. AS THE STRATUS BEGINS TO LIFT
THUNDERSTORMS WILL ENTER THE REGION.
KJ
&&
.FIRE WEATHER...
123 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
AS STATED ABOVE DUE TO TIME CONSTRAINTS DUE TO EXPECTED SEVERE
WEATHER...WILL NOT BE ISSUING ANY FIRE WEATHER HIGHLIGHTS AT THIS
TIME. HOWEVER...GRIDS AND APPROPRIATE PRODUCTS WILL BE ADJUSTED TO
FIT EXPECTED CONDITIONS. IT WILL BE POSSIBLE...ESPECIALLY ON
SATURDAY...TO REACH CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS.
BULLER
&&
GLD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
KS...WIND ADVISORY UNTIL 6 PM MDT /7 PM CDT/ THIS AFTERNOON FOR
KSZ001>004-013>016-027>029-041-042.
RED FLAG WARNING UNTIL 9 PM MDT THIS EVENING FOR KSZ027-041.
NE...WIND ADVISORY UNTIL 6 PM MDT /7 PM CDT/ THIS AFTERNOON FOR
NEZ079>081.
CO...WIND ADVISORY UNTIL 6 PM MDT THIS AFTERNOON FOR COZ090.
RED FLAG WARNING UNTIL 9 PM MDT THIS EVENING FOR COZ253-254.
HIGH WIND WARNING UNTIL 6 PM MDT THIS AFTERNOON FOR COZ091-092.
&&
WFO GOODLANDHazardous weather outlook, May 22, 2:37 PM CDT, 3 hours 54 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GOODLAND KS 137 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008 COZ090>092-KSZ001>004-013>016-027>029-041-042-NEZ079>081-231600- YUMA-KIT CARSON-CHEYENNE CO-CHEYENNE KS-RAWLINS-DECATUR-NORTON- SHERMAN-THOMAS-SHERIDAN-GRAHAM-WALLACE-LOGAN-GOVE-GREELEY-WICHITA- DUNDY-HITCHCOCK-RED WILLOW- 137 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008 /237 PM CDT THU MAY 22 2008/ THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR EXTREME SOUTHWEST NEBRASKA...NORTHWEST KANSAS AND EAST CENTRAL COLORADO. .DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT ...DANGEROUS SEVERE WEATHER OUTBREAK LIKELY THIS AFTERNOON... SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS ARE LIKELY WITH LARGE HAIL AND TORNADOES. STRONG VERTICAL WIND SHEAR AND FAVORABLE INSTABILITY WILL CREATE THE POTENTIAL FOR A FEW LONG TRACKED TORNADOES. THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION AND PEOPLE ACROSS THE TRI STATE AREA SHOULD BE PREPARED FOR POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS WEATHER THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING. THE THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE TO DEVELOP MAINLY ALONG AND EAST OF A JOES TO SELKIRK LINE. STORMS WILL MOVE RAPIDLY TO THE NORTH...HOWEVER IF TRAINING OF STORMS OCCURS...AREAS OF HEAVY RAINFALL ARE POSSIBLE. THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE INTO TONIGHT...ESPECIALLY NORTH OF INTERSTATE 70. IN ADDITION...STRONG SOUTHERLY WINDS WILL OCCUR ACROSS THE AREA TODAY. THE STRONGEST WINDS WILL BE SOUTH OF THE INTERSTATE... WHERE SUSTAINED WINDS OF 30 TO 40 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 60 MPH WILL BE POSSIBLE. ELSEWHERE WINDS WILL BE SUSTAINED AT 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS OF UP TO 50 MPH. AREAS OF BLOWING DIRT MAY ALSO DEVELOP...ESPECIALLY IN OPEN COUNTRY. EXTREME FIRE WEATHER WILL EXIST THIS AFTERNOON IN THE SOUTHWEST PORTION OF THE AREA...GENERALLY SOUTH OF A FLAGLER COLORADO TO RUSSEL SPRINGS KANSAS LINE. LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY COMBINED WITH VERY STRONG WINDS WILL RESULT IN VERY DANGEROUS BURNING CONDITIONS. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY A SURFACE TROUGH REMAINS IN PLACE ACROSS THE TRI-STATE REGION FRIDAY AND SATURDAY WITH DRY AND WINDY CONDITIONS ACROSS MAINLY THE WESTERN PORTION OF THE FORECAST AREA WITH THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS MAINLY THE EASTERN SECTIONS. ADDITIONAL CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE FROM FRIDAY INTO SATURDAY AS A RESULT. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL BE REQUIRED. JRM
In the hours before
Local storm report, May 22, 6:04 PM CDT, 27 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GOODLAND KS
504 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0501 PM TORNADO 4 NW HOXIE 39.40N 100.49W
05/22/2008 SHERIDAN KS NWS EMPLOYEE
LARGE TORNADO NW OF HOXIE
&&
DLFLocal storm report, May 22, 6:05 PM CDT, 26 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GOODLAND KS
505 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0455 PM TORNADO OBERLIN 39.82N 100.53W
05/22/2008 DECATUR KS EMERGENCY MNGR
MULTIPLE REPORTS OF A TORNADO. POSSIBLE DAMAGE IN OBERLIN
&&
SJOHNSONLocal storm report, May 22, 6:08 PM CDT, 23 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GOODLAND KS
508 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0505 PM TORNADO 7 NW HOXIE 39.43N 100.53W
05/22/2008 SHERIDAN KS TRAINED SPOTTER
&&
SJOHNSONLocal storm report, May 22, 6:15 PM CDT, 16 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GOODLAND KS
515 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0514 PM TORNADO 6 N OBERLIN 39.91N 100.53W
05/22/2008 DECATUR KS LAW ENFORCEMENT
PERSISTED FOR 10 MINUTES
&&
SJOHNSONLocal storm report, May 22, 6:17 PM CDT, 14 minutes before
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</html>Local storm report, May 22, 6:24 PM CDT, 7 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GOODLAND KS
524 PM MDT THU MAY 22 2008
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0522 PM TORNADO 1 S DRESDEN 39.61N 100.42W
05/22/2008 DECATUR KS NWS EMPLOYEE
2 TORNADOES. 1 EAST OF HIGHWAY 23, AND 1 WEST OF HIGHWAY
23.
&&
SJOHNSONThe air that afternoon
The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.
N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE (KLBF), 12:00Z
11.5 hours before the tornado, 141 km from the path. May 22, 2008.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -77252 J/kg
- Surface CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 639 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 48 kt
- 0-1 km bulk shear
- 40 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 599 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 651 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.6
- 0-3 km lapse rate
- 2.1 K/km
N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE (KLBF), 00:00Z
0.5 hours after it, 141 km from the path. May 23, 2008.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 169 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -90 J/kg
- Surface CAPE
- 132 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 489 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 36 kt
- 0-1 km bulk shear
- 38 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 336 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 418 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.3
- Supercell composite
- 4.7
- 0-3 km lapse rate
- 6.8 K/km
The surface observations
Oberlin (OIN), 17 km from the path, in the two hours either side.
| Time (UTC) | Temp (°F) | Dew point (°F) | Wind | Gust (kt) | Pressure (mb) | Weather |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 00:00 UTC |
From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.
The radar
The Goodland radar (KGLD), 129 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:31 UTC.
Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track
Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.
This ground now
The live radar over the trackEvery 2008 tornado in KansasEvery tornado in Kansas since 1950Warnings in force in Kansas nowThe forecast where you are
The other tornadoes of May 22, 2008
27 more were confirmed in the United States that day.
| Date | Time | Rating | Where | Path (mi) | Width (yd) | Deaths | Injuries | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 22 | 11:26 AM MDT | EF3 | Weld, CO | 38.7 | 1,760 | 1 | 78 | $147 million |
| May 22 | 12:30 PM MDT | EF1 | Weld, CO | 0.1 | 100 | 1 | ||
| May 22 | 12:58 PM MDT | EF0 | Albany, WY | 0.0 | 50 | |||
| May 22 | 12:58 PM MDT | EF2 | Albany, WY | 25.1 | 100 | 1 | $300,000 | |
| May 22 | 3:45 PM CDT | EF0 | Gove, KS | 0.5 | 10 | |||
| May 22 | 4:07 PM CDT | EF0 | Gove, KS | 3.0 | 50 | |||
| May 22 | 5:11 PM CDT | EF1 | Sheridan, KS | 17.6 | 400 | $500,000 | ||
| May 22 | 5:25 PM CDT | EF0 | Gove, KS | 10.7 | 75 | $25,000 | ||
| May 22 | 4:29 PM MDT | EF0 | Chase, NE | 0.1 | 50 | |||
| May 22 | 5:32 PM CDT | EF0 | Lane, KS | 5.4 | 100 | |||
| May 22 | 5:48 PM CDT | EF1 | Decatur, KS | 12.5 | 300 | $1.0 million | ||
| May 22 | 5:55 PM CDT | EF2 | Sheridan, KS | 9.4 | 300 | $750,000 | ||
| May 22 | 6:08 PM CDT | EF1 | Gove, KS | 8.0 | 200 | $150,000 | ||
| May 22 | 6:18 PM CDT | EF0 | Sheridan, KS | 2.0 | 75 | |||
| May 22 | 6:20 PM CDT | EF0 | Sheridan, KS | 0.5 | 50 | |||
| May 22 | 6:26 PM CDT | EF0 | Trego, KS | 5.0 | 100 | |||
| May 22 | 4:30 PM PDT | EF0 | Riverside, CA | 0.9 | 20 | |||
| May 22 | 6:32 PM CDT | EF0 | Gove, KS | 0.5 | 25 | |||
| May 22 | 4:42 PM PDT | EF2 | Riverside, CA | 2.8 | 75 | 1 | $350,000 | |
| May 22 | 4:50 PM PDT | EF0 | Riverside, CA | 1.0 | 20 | |||
| May 22 | 5:40 PM PDT | EF0 | Riverside, CA | 0.4 | 10 | |||
| May 22 | 8:00 PM CDT | EF1 | Ness, KS | 3.5 | 150 | |||
| May 22 | 8:05 PM CDT | EF0 | Lane, KS | 1.4 | 100 | |||
| May 22 | 8:42 PM CDT | EF0 | Trego, KS | 6.9 | 150 | |||
| May 22 | 8:57 PM CDT | EF1 | Trego, KS | 3.0 | 300 | |||
| May 22 | 8:28 PM MDT | EF1 | Laramie, WY | 0.7 | 50 | $20,000 | ||
| May 22 | 8:32 PM MDT | EF0 | Laramie, WY | 0.3 | 30 |
What this means
Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.
Sources
NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.