Drought in Indiana, July 1 to 18, 2023

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Chicago/Romeoville, IL
906 PM CDT Fri Jun 30 2023

.UPDATE...
Issued at 906 PM CDT Fri Jun 30 2023

The going forecast appears to be trending along well. Currently in
a bit of a lull activity-wise in the local area as we're now
sitting in between several disturbances. One vort max, analyzed
across northwest Indiana, appears to be responsible for generating
some widely scattered elevated convection just off to the east and
southeast of the forecast area. Suspect that over the coming
hours we may see an expansion of this activity into parts of our
NW Indiana locales as isentropic upglide increases and the 950-700
mb layers begin to saturate a bit.

The next feature of interest appears to be a developing
convectively-augmented MCV in the process of organizing across
extreme NE Kansas which is slated to slingshot northeastward
overnight and into early Saturday morning. While jet forcing won't
be particularly robust, increased moisture and fairly widespread,
broad, large scale ascent should result in a general expansion of
showers and embedded thunderstorms, mainly south of roughly I-80.
Effective/deep layer shear (for elevated inflows) is on the
marginal side for storm organization, but perhaps enough for a few
stronger cores capable of some locally stronger wind gusts and
some small hail.

Carlaw

&&

.SHORT TERM...
Issued at 317 PM CDT Fri Jun 30 2023

Through Saturday night...

A remnant MCV from overnight convection in IA is noted in the
satellite imagery currently shifting eastward into northern IL.
While much of the convection and shower activity associated with
the MCV has dissipated, thick cloud cover has moved into the
area. This has really put a cap on temperatures, especially across
northwestern portions of IL where temperatures have held in the
upper 70s to the low 80s. Farther east into the Chicago metro
area, temperatures were able to warm into the upper 80s before the
thick cloud cover arrived, thus resulting in a more unstable
airmass. As such, we have recently seen a few isolated to widely
scattered showers and storms briefly develop in advance of the
approaching MCV. It is likely these trends will continue for the
next couple of hours before the activity wanes into early evening.
Severe weather is not expected.

As we head into this evening additional thunderstorms are likely
to develop to our southwest across portions of KS into northern MO
as the low-level jet kick up over a surface boundary draped
eastward across the Mid-Mississippi Valley. A favored easterly
movement with this activity is likely to keep the main threat of
these storms and any severe MCS well south of I-80, if not south
of our area altogether tonight through Saturday morning.
Otherwise, we may again see some fog development outside the city
tonight given the light wind and moist low-level environment.

On Saturday afternoon and evening an upper trough now centered
across the Rockies will shift eastward into the Lower and Mid
Missouri Valley. This disturbance is expected to foster more
thunderstorm development into the area later Saturday through
Saturday night. Decent destabilization combined with an increase
in the mid-level southwesterly flow across central IL Saturday
afternoon will also support the threat for severe thunderstorms,
most notably across downstate IL and IN south of I-80. Heavy rain
will also be a notable threat going into Saturday night as
precipitable water values top 1.75" and the potential for some
training storms sets up along the northern periphery of a surface
low and warm front. At the present time, it appears the heaviest
rain threat will be for areas south of I-80.

KJB

&&

.LONG TERM...
Issued at 317 PM CDT Fri Jun 30 2023

Sunday through Friday...

Key Forecast Messages:

* Sunday: Cooler and showery, especially through mid day, with
  rain coverage trending lower in the afternoon. Isolated to
  perhaps widely scattered thunderstorms, mainly inland of Lake
  Michigan in the afternoon

* Sunday night: Trending mainly dry after any lingering isolated
  evening showers end

* Monday and Independence Day: Very warm/hot and moderately humid
  away from the lake with isolated to perhaps widely scattered
  mainly afternoon thunderstorms

* Wednesday into Thursday: Threat for at least scattered
  thunderstorms Wednesday PM, higher uncertainty on Thursday

Fairly potent for this time of year neutral to even briefly
short-wave trough will pinwheel east across the region Sunday
morning through mid afternoon, with large scale forcing peaking in
the morning hours, likely yielding fairly widespread shower
coverage. Very meager mid- level lapse rates and extensive cloud
cover cast uncertainty on appreciable destabilization until
perhaps the afternoon, so coverage of thunderstorms until mid day
will probably remain isolated at most. Despite the surface warm
frontal boundary staying mainly south of the area near track of
weak surface low, air mass will remain moist with good column
moisture, supportive of downpours with heavier showers.

As the short-wave starts to exit east Sunday afternoon, may see
some dry advection from the north near Lake Michigan, with axis
of higher dew points and limited instability relegated farther
inland. Diminishing but sufficient ascent paired with breaks in
clouds enabling the aforementioned limited destabilization could
be enough to pop isolated to perhaps widely scattered thunderstorms
primarily inland of Lake Michigan, with overall highest precip.
coverage shifting south and east. Sunday night looks to trend
tranquil with time as weak high pressure settles overhead,
following decay of any lingering evening showers (and isolated
t-storms south of I-80).

For Monday and Independence Day, a pocket of rather dry air at the
mid-levels will envelop the region amidst weak flow aloft, which
should serve to limit convective coverage at peak heating and
also keep it primarily diurnally driven. Weak waves dropping
east-southeast and breaching of convective temp may be enough to
touch off a couple showers and thunderstorms during the afternoon
hours, perhaps with assistance of lake breeze convergence over the
Chicago metro. Aside from the lower end threat for a few
thunderstorms, both Monday and July 4th will be very warm/hot and
moderately humid (especially Tuesday re. humidity) away from the
lake with low- level thermal progs supporting highs in the upper
80s to around 90/low 90s. For now, some cautious optimism regarding
a quick diurnal decay of any storms lingering into the early
evening hours both days, and hopefully not disrupting fireworks
displays.

More brisk zonal flow driven by a seasonably strong trough digging
in from the northern Plains arriving on Wednesday, plus moisture
pooling near approaching system cold front, looks to result in
best shower and thunderstorm chances of the shortened work week
arriving Wednesday afternoon and evening, with potentially
marginally supportive bulk shear for storm organization.
Uncertainty exists regarding how quickly the cold front will clear
the area to the southeast, which will determine extent of shower
and even thunderstorm chances hanging on into Thursday, especially
southeast. Current signs then point toward a primarily dry and
comfortable end to next work week.

Castro

&&

.AVIATION...
For the 00Z TAFs...

The primary aviation weather concerns through the 00Z TAF period are
as follows:

* Fog expected at the terminals tonight

* Showers and thunderstorms Saturday afternoon and evening

* Potential MVFR cigs Saturday afternoon and evening

Rain has cleared the area for the remainder of today and tonight.
Light westerly winds will take us through the rest of the evening
before going light and variable overnight. Fog is once again
expected to develop over the terminals overnight tonight and last
into early Saturday morning. Vsbys are expected to only drop into
MVFR territory with the highest potential for anything lower being
over RFD. Early Saturday afternoon, SW winds are expected to turn
easterly over the Chicago terminals all while moving at under 10 kt.

A system of showers and thunderstorms will move in from the west in
the early to mid afternoon and stick around through the remainder of
the TAF period. Rain coverage is expected to be densely scattered to
widespread with the greatest potential for thunderstorms being
during the late afternoon/early evening. However, thunderstorms may
continue in the area into the overnight. Additionally, MVFR cigs may
develop as early as the late afternoon, although chances for MVFR
are greatest during the late evening. MVFR coverage may be
intermittent for a period and possibly coincide with any heavier
showers or storms that move over the terminals.

Doom

&&

.LOT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
IL...None.
IN...None.
LM...None.
&&

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Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Chicago/Romeoville IL
219 PM CDT Fri Jun 30 2023

ILZ003>006-008-010>013-019>021-023-032-033-039-103>108-INZ001-002-
010-011-019-011930-
Winnebago-Boone-McHenry-Lake IL-Ogle-Lee-De Kalb-Kane-DuPage-
La Salle-Kendall-Grundy-Kankakee-Livingston-Iroquois-Ford-
Northern Cook-Central Cook-Southern Cook-Northern Will-
Southern Will-Eastern Will-Lake IN-Porter-Newton-Jasper-Benton-
219 PM CDT Fri Jun 30 2023 /319 PM EDT Fri Jun 30 2023/

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for portions of North Central
Illinois...Northeast Illinois and Northwest Indiana.

.DAY ONE...Tonight.

Weather hazards expected...

  Limited Thunderstorm Risk.
  Limited Fog Risk.

DISCUSSION...

Isolated to widely scattered thunderstorms are possible, a few of
which may produce some locally strong gusty winds.

Some fog is possible again tonight, mainly west and south of
Chicago. Any fog will dissipate by mid-morning on Saturday.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday.

Saturday...
  Limited Severe Thunderstorm Risk.
  Limited Flooding Risk.
Sunday through Thursday...
  Limited Thunderstorm Risk.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

  Spotters activation is unlikely through tonight.

GENERAL STORM MOTION OF THE DAY:

  Moving toward the east-southeast at 30 to 40 mph.

LMZ740>745-011930-
Winthrop Harbor to Wilmette Harbor IL-
Wilmette Harbor to Northerly Island IL-
Northerly Island to Calumet Harbor IL-
Calumet Harbor IL to Gary IN-Gary to Burns Harbor IN-
Burns Harbor to Michigan City IN-
219 PM CDT Fri Jun 30 2023

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for portions of the Illinois
nearshore waters of Lake Michigan and the Indiana nearshore
waters of Lake Michigan.

.DAY ONE...Tonight.

Weather hazards expected...

  Limited Thunderstorm Risk.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday.

Saturday...
  Limited Severe Thunderstorm Risk.
Sunday through Thursday...
  Limited Thunderstorm Risk.

KJB

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