Alert archive / Kansas / Flash Flood Warnings in 2025

Flash Flood Warning 2, NWS Wichita, KS

June 3, 2025Butler County, Chase County, Marion County, Kansas

NWS Wichita, KS issued this flash flood warning at Jun 3, 2025, 11:53 AM CDT for Butler County, Chase County, Marion County, Kansas. It was in force for 4 hr. 3 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jun 3, 2025, 11:53 AM CDT (16:53 UTC)
Expired
Jun 3, 2025, 3:41 PM CDT
In force
4 hr
Issued by
NWS Wichita, KS
Area
Storm-based polygon
Damage threat
Considerable
Flood severity
None

Counties Butler County, KS, Chase County, KS, Marion County, KS

The radar

The Topeka radar (KTWX), 92 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:52 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jun 3, 12:57 PM CDTRAIN 72 Wnw Burns, KS
Jun 3, 1:25 PM CDTFLASH FLOODPotwin, KSFire department reporting street flooding in Potwin.
Jun 3, 1:43 PM CDTFLASH FLOOD3 Sse Whitewater, KSButler Rd approximately 3 S of Whitewater now impassable.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched 2 storm reports to this flash flood warning; the first came 92 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Topeka, KS (KTOP), launched 12:00Z, 4.9 hours before the alert went out and 123 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Topeka, KS at 12:00Z on 2025-06-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 5 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Topeka, KS at 12:00Z on 2025-06-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 101 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
5 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-193 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
978 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
25 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
101 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
66 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

196 
WGUS53 KICT 031653
FFWICT
KSC015-017-115-032100-
/O.NEW.KICT.FF.W.0002.250603T1653Z-250603T2100Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Flash Flood Warning
National Weather Service Wichita KS
Issued by National Weather Service Topeka KS
1153 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

The National Weather Service in Wichita has issued a

* Flash Flood Warning for...
  Southeastern Marion County in central Kansas...
  Chase County in east central Kansas...
  Northwestern Butler County in south central Kansas...

* Until 400 PM CDT.

* At 1153 AM CDT, trained weather spotters reported thunderstorms 
  producing heavy rain across the warned area. In the city of 
  Whitewater, street flooding has been reported. Between 3 and 4 
  inches of rain have fallen. Additional rainfall amounts of 1.5 to 
  2.5 inches are possible in the warned area. Flash flooding is 
  ongoing or expected to begin shortly.

  HAZARD...Life threatening flash flooding. Thunderstorms
           producing flash flooding.

  SOURCE...Trained spotters reported.

  IMPACT...Life threatening flash flooding of creeks and streams,
           urban areas, highways, streets and underpasses.

* Some locations that will experience flash flooding include...
  Peabody, Cottonwood Falls, Whitewater, Strong City, Florence, 
  Potwin, Elbing, Burns, Cassoday, Bazaar, Elmdale, Matfield Green, 
  Cedar Point, Wonsevu, Tallgrass Prairie Preserve, Tallgrass 
  Prairie and Saffordville.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Do not drive into flooded areas or go around barricades. Nearly two 
feet of water will carry most vehicles away. Turn around, don't 
drown.

&&

LAT...LON 3852 9635 3816 9636 3780 9715 3821 9716

FLASH FLOOD...OBSERVED
FLASH FLOOD DAMAGE THREAT...CONSIDERABLE

$$

BD
1 follow-up statement
817 
WGUS73 KICT 032041
FFSICT

Flash Flood Statement
National Weather Service Wichita KS
Issued by National Weather Service Topeka KS
341 PM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

KSC015-017-115-032051-
/O.CAN.KICT.FF.W.0002.000000T0000Z-250603T2100Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Butler KS-Chase KS-Marion KS-
341 PM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

...FLASH FLOOD WARNING FOR SOUTHEASTERN MARION, CHASE AND 
NORTHWESTERN BUTLER COUNTIES HAS BEEN REPLACED WITH A FLOOD 
WARNING...

&&

LAT...LON 3852 9635 3816 9636 3780 9715 3821 9716

$$

BD

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this flash flood warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Wichita, KS wrote its last area forecast discussion before this flash flood warning went out at Jun 3, 6:41 AM CDT, 5 hours 12 minutes earlier. Its key messages:

  • Scattered to numerous showers/storms through this evening. A handful of strong to severe thunderstorms are possible, along with areas of heavy rainfall and increased flooding concerns, mainly along and east-southeast of the KS Turnpike.
  • Additional off-and-on shower/storm chances late Wednesday night through the weekend, although uncertainty remains high surrounding finer details.
Area forecast discussion, Jun 3, 6:41 AM CDT, 5 hours 12 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Wichita KS
Issued by National Weather Service Topeka KS
641 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

.KEY MESSAGES...

- Scattered to numerous showers/storms through this evening. A
  handful of strong to severe thunderstorms are possible, along
  with areas of heavy rainfall and increased flooding concerns,
  mainly along and east-southeast of the KS Turnpike.

- Additional off-and-on shower/storm chances late Wednesday
  night through the weekend, although uncertainty remains high
  surrounding finer details.

&&

.DISCUSSION...
Issued at 320 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

TODAY THROUGH THIS EVENING:

Scattered to numerous showers/thunderstorms will continue across the region today
through this evening, as a potent upper low approaches from the southwest, and a
strong cold front moves in from the northwest, amidst a moist and weakly/uncapped
airmass. Isolated instances of marginally severe storms are possible this morning,
but thinking greater chances will hold off until early afternoon and persist through
the evening, mainly along and east-southeast of the KS Turnpike, as instability
increases ahead of the approaching cold front. The combination of modest to strong
instability and weak to modest deep layer shear should support mostly a damaging
wind threat (60-70 mph winds) with the strongest activity, although could see
isolated instances of large hail (likely no larger than half-dollars) due to the
magnitude of buoyancy. Any hail threat would likely be earlier in the event before
numerous cell mergers encourages mostly upscale growth.

Additionally, the strong forcing in conjunction with anomalously high precipitable
waters and mid/upper flow nearly parallel to the frontal zone will also support areas
of heavy rainfall and localized flooding concerns, mainly this afternoon-evening
from roughly the KS Turnpike on east-southeast. 1-3 inch rainfall amounts are
expected, with locally higher amounts possible. Widespread extreme rainfall amounts
(e.g. greater than 3-4 inches) are unlikely though given the relatively fast-moving
nature of the cold front. Nevertheless, since soils are still fairly saturated from
recent heavy rainfall, rises in rivers/streams are likely, with the greatest
potential for river/stream levels reaching or exceeding flood stage over southeast
Kansas. The flood watch currently in place looks good, with no plans of expanding
at this time.

LATE WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH THE WEEKEND:

Deterministic and ensemble consensus continues to support a low-predictability
pattern setting up by mid to late week through the weekend, with off-and-on chances
for showers and thunderstorms across the region. The culprits will be various
low-amplitude shortwaves interacting with a wobbly frontal zone across the region,
amidst anomalously high precipitable waters. A seasonable combination of instability
and deep layer shear will support off-and-on severe weather chances, with the
anomalous PWs supporting locally heavy rainfall and potential flooding concerns.
Stay tuned as we continue to refine forecast details in the coming days.

TEMPERATURES:

A rather significant cool down is expected from northwest to southeast today in wake
of the strong cold front, with temperatures likely falling into the 50s and 60s
behind the front. Below average temperatures will continue Wednesday, with daytime
highs in the 70s likely. A slow warm up back closer to average is expected through
late week and into next weekend, with off-and-on chances for showers/storms likely
preventing widespread above average temperatures.

&&

.AVIATION /12Z TAFS THROUGH 12Z WEDNESDAY/...
Issued at 641 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

Scattered to numerous showers and thunderstorms will persist
across central and eastern Kansas today, gradually exiting
east-southeast Kansas by late evening, as a strong cold front
approaches from the northwest, and an upper trough approaches
from the southwest. Thinking the greatest potential for
severe storms will be from roughly the KS Turnpike on east
and southeast from about midday through 11 PM, with the main
threats being 60-70 mph winds and quarter size hail, along with
torrential downpours. Additionally, gusty north winds and low
MVFR to IFR ceilings will spread southeast across the area
today and this evening in wake of the cold front.

&&

.ICT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
Flood Watch through Wednesday morning for KSZ053-069>072-
092>096-098>100.

&&

DISCUSSION...ADK
AVIATION...ADK
Hazardous weather outlook, Jun 3, 3:45 AM CDT, 8 hours 8 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Wichita KS
Issued by National Weather Service Topeka KS
345 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

KSZ032-033-047>053-067>072-082-083-091>096-098>100-040845-
Russell-Lincoln-Barton-Ellsworth-Saline-Rice-McPherson-Marion-
Chase-Reno-Harvey-Butler-Greenwood-Woodson-Allen-Kingman-Sedgwick-
Harper-Sumner-Cowley-Elk-Wilson-Neosho-Chautauqua-Montgomery-
Labette-
345 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for portions of Central Kansas,
South Central Kansas, and Southeast Kansas.

.DAY ONE...Today and Tonight

Scattered to numerous showers and thunderstorms will persist across
the region today through this evening. A handful of strong to severe
thunderstorms are possible, capable of 65 mph winds and quarter size
hail, along with areas of heavy rainfall and localized flooding.
The greatest potential will be generally along and southeast of the
Kansas Turnpike between 1 PM and 11 PM.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday

Off-and-on chances for showers and thunderstorms are possible from
late Wednesday night through the weekend. Stay tuned as we continue
to refine forecast details in the coming days.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Reports of severe weather, heavy rainfall, and flooding are always
greatly appreciated.

In the hours before

Local storm report, Jun 3, 11:18 AM CDT, 35 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Wichita KS
1118 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1050 AM     Flood            3 S Burns               38.04N 96.90W
06/03/2025                   Butler             KS   Emergency Mngr

            Water over several roadways in this area.

&&

WI
Local storm report, Jun 3, 11:30 AM CDT, 23 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Wichita KS
1130 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1122 AM     Flash Flood      Valley Center           37.83N 97.37W
06/03/2025                   Sedgwick           KS   Emergency Mngr

            Vehicles stuck in high water near the
            intersection of Main and Emporia.

&&
Special weather statement, Jun 3, 11:32 AM CDT, 21 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Wichita KS
Issued by National Weather Service Topeka KS
1132 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

KSZ053-069-070-031700-
Butler-Greenwood-Chase-
1132 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

...Strong thunderstorms will impact portions of southeastern Chase,
northeastern Butler and northwestern Greenwood Counties through NOON
CDT
...

At 1131 AM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking strong thunderstorms along
a line extending from 11 miles south of Cottonwood Falls to 16 miles
northwest of Eureka. Movement was northeast at 40 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts of 50 to 55 mph and penny size hail.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects. Minor damage to outdoor objects is
         possible.

These storms will remain over mainly rural areas of southeastern
Chase, northeastern Butler and northwestern Greenwood Counties,
including the following locations: Bazaar...Saffordville...Matfield
Green...Thrall and Cassoday.

This includes Kansas Turnpike between mile markers 93 and 115.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with these storms and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with these storms.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3817 9636 3817 9631 3797 9631 3787 9664
      3823 9663 3844 9636
TIME...MOT...LOC 1631Z 221DEG 35KT 3821 9657 3798 9652

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.75 IN
MAX WIND GUST...55 MPH

TOP
Local storm report, Jun 3, 11:35 AM CDT, 18 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Wichita KS
1135 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1134 AM     Flood            Whitewater              37.96N 97.15W
06/03/2025                   Butler             KS   Emergency Mngr

            Street flooding reported throughout the town
            of Whitewater.

&&
Special weather statement, Jun 3, 11:44 AM CDT, 9 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Wichita KS
Issued by National Weather Service Dodge City KS
1144 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

KSZ068-069-083-031730-
Butler KS-Harvey KS-Sedgwick KS-
1144 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT EASTERN SEDGWICK...SOUTH CENTRAL
HARVEY AND WEST CENTRAL BUTLER COUNTIES THROUGH 1230 PM CDT...

At 1143 AM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 3
miles west of Clearwater, moving northeast at 50 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts of 50 to 55 mph and penny size hail.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects. Minor hail damage to vegetation is
         possible.

This strong thunderstorm will be near...
  Wichita around 1150 AM CDT.
  Haysville and Eisenhower National Airport around 1155 AM CDT.
  Downtown Wichita around 1200 PM CDT.

Other locations in the path of this storm include Park City, Bel
Aire, Eastborough, East Wichita, Kechi and Northeast Wichita.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

&&

LAT...LON 3748 9747 3748 9767 3796 9742 3778 9678
TIME...MOT...LOC 1643Z 222DEG 42KT 3751 9755

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.75 IN
MAX WIND GUST...55 MPH

DDC
Local storm report, Jun 3, 11:52 AM CDT, 1 minute before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Wichita KS
1152 AM CDT Tue Jun 3 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1145 AM     Flood            1 SE East Wichita       37.67N 97.25W
06/03/2025                   Sedgwick           KS   Emergency Mngr

            Report of stalled vehicle due to high water.

&&

The office that day

Everything else NWS Wichita, KS issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jun 2, 9:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningICTHarper26 min
Jun 2, 9:29 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningICTHarper, Kingman, Sedgwick, Sumner31 min
Jun 2, 9:58 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningICTKingman, Reno, Sedgwick, Sumner20 min
Jun 3, 2:25 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSaline20 min
Jun 3, 3:02 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTKingman28 min
Jun 3, 3:29 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTKingman46 min
Jun 3, 3:52 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSedgwick38 min
Jun 3, 4:26 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSedgwick34 min
Jun 3, 4:48 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTHarvey42 min
Jun 3, 5:20 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTHarvey, Marion40 min
Jun 3, 9:43 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTCherokee, Labette5 days
Jun 3, 9:43 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTAllen49 hr
Jun 3, 9:43 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTAllen, Neosho65 hr
Jun 3, 9:43 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTNeosho3 days
Jun 3, 9:43 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTLabette, Neosho5 days
Jun 3, 9:52 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTChase23 min
Jun 3, 10:05 AM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTButler, Harvey, Marion, Reno, Sedgwick4 hr
Jun 3, 10:33 AM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTChase, Marion4 hr
Jun 3, 11:17 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatICTHarvey, Sedgwick4 hr
Jun 3, 11:32 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTChase28 min
Jun 3, 11:44 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTButler, Sedgwick46 min
Jun 3, 12:05 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningICTButler, Sedgwick40 min
Jun 3, 12:10 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTButler50 min
Jun 3, 12:19 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningICTButler, Chase, Greenwood33 min
Jun 3, 12:37 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSumner38 min
Jun 3, 12:46 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningICTButler, Sedgwick44 min
Jun 3, 12:56 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatICTButler, Chase, Greenwood, Sedgwick4 hr
Jun 3, 1:18 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSumner27 min
Jun 3, 1:33 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning EmergencyCatastrophic damage threatICTSedgwick3 hr
Jun 3, 1:39 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSedgwick36 min
Jun 3, 1:49 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningICTButler, Sedgwick, Sumner41 min
Jun 3, 1:51 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning EmergencyCatastrophic damage threatICTButler3 hr
Jun 3, 2:10 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSumner35 min
Jun 3, 2:13 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTButler47 min
Jun 3, 3:03 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTHarper27 min
Jun 3, 3:13 PM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTHarvey, Sedgwick41 hr
Jun 3, 3:17 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTButler28 hr
Jun 3, 3:18 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTCowley27 min
Jun 3, 3:28 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTButler42 hr
Jun 3, 3:28 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTButler, Cowley53 hr
Jun 3, 3:31 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTButler, Cowley34 hr
Jun 3, 3:31 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTButler, Cowley4 days
Jun 3, 3:34 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTCowley4 days
Jun 3, 3:36 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSumner24 min
Jun 3, 3:39 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTMarion29 hr
Jun 3, 3:39 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTChase64 hr
Jun 3, 3:39 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTChase, Lyon67 hr
Jun 3, 3:41 PM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTButler, Chase, Marion7 hr
Jun 3, 3:42 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTWilson5 hr
Jun 3, 4:03 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTSumner42 min
Jun 3, 4:18 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTChautauqua27 min
Jun 3, 4:28 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTButler21 hr
Jun 3, 4:47 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatICTGreenwood, Woodson3 hr
Jun 3, 4:49 PM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTButler, Chase, Greenwood, Sedgwick6 hr
Jun 3, 4:50 PM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTSedgwick6 hr
Jun 3, 4:50 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTElk, Montgomery40 min
Jun 3, 4:54 PM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTButler, Chase, Greenwood, Sedgwick6 hr
Jun 3, 4:56 PM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTButler64 min
Jun 3, 5:08 PM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTButler, Chautauqua, Cowley, Elk15 hr
Jun 3, 5:23 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTMontgomery37 min
Jun 3, 5:37 PM CDTAreal Flood WarningICTAllen5 hr
Jun 3, 5:59 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTAllen, Neosho46 min
Jun 3, 6:11 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningICTSedgwick, Sumner3 hr
Jun 3, 6:14 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementICTLabette46 min

Nearby

Flash Flood Warnings in Kansas, 2025Every flash flood warning in 2025

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.