Alert archive / Kentucky / Tornado Watches in 2021

Tornado Watch 551

December 5, 202113 counties in Illinois; 22 counties in Kentucky; 13 counties in Missouri

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Dec 5, 2021, 8:59 PM CST for 13 counties in Illinois; 22 counties in Kentucky; 13 counties in Missouri. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Dec 5, 2021, 8:59 PM CST (02:59 UTC)
Expired
Dec 6, 2021, 4:00 AM CST
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 48 counties

Alexander County, IL, Franklin County, IL, Gallatin County, IL, Hamilton County, IL, Hardin County, IL, Johnson County, IL, Massac County, IL, Pope County, IL, Pulaski County, IL, Saline County, IL, Union County, IL, White County, IL, Williamson County, IL, Ballard County, KY, Caldwell County, KY, Calloway County, KY, Carlisle County, KY, Christian County, KY, Crittenden County, KY, Daviess County, KY, Fulton County, KY, Graves County, KY, Henderson County, KY, Hickman County, KY, Hopkins County, KY, Livingston County, KY, Lyon County, KY, Marshall County, KY, McCracken County, KY, McLean County, KY, Muhlenberg County, KY, Todd County, KY, Trigg County, KY, Union County, KY, Webster County, KY, Bollinger County, MO, Butler County, MO, Cape Girardeau County, MO, Carter County, MO, Iron County, MO, Madison County, MO, Mississippi County, MO, New Madrid County, MO, Reynolds County, MO, Ripley County, MO, Scott County, MO, Stoddard County, MO, Wayne County, MO

The radar

The Paducah radar (KPAH), 72 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 02:59 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
40%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
10%
Ten or more severe wind reports
40%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
20%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
10%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
70%

Warnings issued inside it

11 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 5, 9:25 PM CSTFlash Flood WarningLSXReynolds5 hr
Dec 5, 9:57 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHWayne48 min
Dec 5, 9:59 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHFranklin, Jackson, Williamson46 min
Dec 5, 10:00 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHCape Girardeau, Perry30 min
Dec 5, 10:27 PM CSTTornado WarningPAHFranklin, Hamilton19 min
Dec 5, 10:38 PM CSTFlash Flood WarningPAHBollinger, Cape Girardeau3 hr
Dec 5, 10:45 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHHamilton, White45 min
Dec 5, 10:50 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHJohnson, Pope, Saline, Union, Williamson40 min
Dec 6, 12:40 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHDaviess50 min
Dec 6, 1:56 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHNew Madrid, Scott, Stoddard34 min
Dec 6, 3:28 AM CSTTornado WarningPAHCalloway, Graves32 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Little Rock, AR (KLZK), launched 00:00Z, 3.0 hours before the alert went out and 270 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Little Rock, AR at 00:00Z on 2021-12-06Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1313 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Little Rock, AR at 00:00Z on 2021-12-06The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 252 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1313 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-4 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
793 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
252 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
326 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
2.2
Supercell composite
19.4

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

533 
WWUS20 KWNS 060257
SEL1  
SPC WW 060257
ILZ000-KYZ000-MOZ000-061000-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 551
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
900 PM CST Sun Dec 5 2021

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Southern Illinois
  Western Kentucky
  Southeast Missouri

* Effective this Sunday night and Monday morning from 900 PM
  until 400 AM CST.

* Primary threats include...
  A couple tornadoes possible
  Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph possible
  Isolated large hail events to 1 inch in diameter possible

SUMMARY...A loose clustering of storms/embedded supercells may
continue to pose a severe wind/hail and tornado risk late this
evening, with additional storms, mostly in the form of a convective
line, expected to move into the region through the early overnight.
Severe environment is supported by very strong shear/SRH and modest
instability.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 45 statute miles
north and south of a line from 40 miles west northwest of Poplar
Bluff MO to 30 miles south of Owensboro KY. For a complete depiction
of the watch see the associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS
WOU1).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 1 inch. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 500. Mean
storm motion vector 26035.

...Guyer

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 5, 8:06 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlexander, Hardin, Jackson, Johnson, Massac, Pope and 4 more114 min
Dec 5, 11:28 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlexander, Edwards, Franklin, Gallatin, Hamilton, Hardin and 14 more2 hr
Dec 6, 2:47 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBallard, Caldwell, Calloway, Carlisle, Christian, Fulton and 10 more88 min
Dec 6, 5:06 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdair, Allen, Barren, Casey, Clinton, Cumberland and 8 more114 min
Dec 5, 8:54 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCBarry, Christian, Douglas, Dunklin, Howell, McDonald and 6 more7 hr
Dec 5, 11:17 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCHowell, Ozark118 min
Dec 6, 3:01 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCDunklin, Pemiscot59 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Kentucky, 2021Tornado Watches in Illinois, 2021Tornado Watches in Missouri, 2021Every tornado watch in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.