Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Watches in 2019

Tornado Watch 2

January 19, 201931 counties in Alabama; 5 counties in Mississippi

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Jan 19, 2019, 9:43 AM CST for 31 counties in Alabama; 5 counties in Mississippi. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jan 19, 2019, 9:43 AM CST (15:43 UTC)
Expired
Jan 19, 2019, 4:57 PM CST
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
0.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 36 counties

Autauga County, AL, Baldwin County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Butler County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Choctaw County, AL, Clarke County, AL, Clay County, AL, Conecuh County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Crenshaw County, AL, Dallas County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Escambia County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Jefferson County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Mobile County, AL, Monroe County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Perry County, AL, Shelby County, AL, St. Clair County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tallapoosa County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Washington County, AL, Wilcox County, AL, George County, MS, Greene County, MS, Perry County, MS, Stone County, MS, Wayne County, MS

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 124 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 15:43 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
50%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
40%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
5%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
5%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
50%

Warnings issued inside it

14 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 19, 9:43 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXGreene, Sumter35 min
Jan 19, 10:13 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXGreene, Tuscaloosa13 min
Jan 19, 10:36 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXGreene17 min
Jan 19, 10:38 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBWayne52 min
Jan 19, 10:49 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBChoctaw41 min
Jan 19, 10:51 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXJefferson, Tuscaloosa17 min
Jan 19, 10:53 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBGreene, Perry, Wayne52 min
Jan 19, 11:20 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBGeorge, Greene, Perry, Stone40 min
Jan 19, 11:31 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBChoctaw, Clarke, Washington44 min
Jan 19, 12:15 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBClarke, Washington, Wilcox45 min
Jan 19, 1:46 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXAutauga, Dallas, Lowndes44 min
Jan 19, 2:27 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXAutauga, Coosa, Elmore, Tallapoosa48 min
Jan 19, 2:44 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXElmore, Montgomery46 min
Jan 19, 3:14 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBButler, Crenshaw30 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 3.7 hours before the alert went out and 125 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2019-01-19Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 15 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2019-01-19The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 313 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
15 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-76 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
531 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
43 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
313 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
340 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.2

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

828 
WWUS20 KWNS 191540
SEL2  
SPC WW 191540
ALZ000-FLZ000-MSZ000-CWZ000-192300-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 2
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
940 AM CST Sat Jan 19 2019

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Central and southwestern Alabama
  The western Florida Panhandle
  The eastern part of the Mississippi Sound
  Coastal Waters

* Effective this Saturday morning and afternoon from 940 AM until
  500 PM CST.

* Primary threats include...
  A few tornadoes possible
  Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph possible

SUMMARY...A broken band of storms will spread eastward from
Mississippi to Alabama through the afternoon.  Embedded supercells
and bowing segments will be capable of producing a few tornadoes and
damaging gusts.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 70 statute miles
east and west of a line from 60 miles north of Selma AL to 10 miles
south southwest of Mobile AL. For a complete depiction of the watch
see the associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS WOU2).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 1...

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 0.5 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 400. Mean
storm motion vector 25040.

...Thompson

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 19, 9:08 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBibb, Choctaw, Clarke, Dallas, Greene, Hale and 7 more2 hr
Jan 19, 11:37 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Butler, Chilton, Choctaw and 19 more83 min
Jan 19, 3:21 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCBarbour, Bullock, Chambers, Coffee, Dale, Geneva and 7 more6 hr
Jan 19, 5:38 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBarbour, Bullock, Chambers, Coffee, Covington, Crenshaw and 10 more97 min
Jan 19, 1:24 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Claiborne, Issaquena, Jefferson, Sharkey, Warren2 hr
Jan 19, 5:04 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Amite, Claiborne, Clarke, Copiah, Covington and 28 more116 min
Jan 19, 5:23 AM CSTTornado WatchSPCAdams, Amite, Attala, Choctaw, Claiborne, Clarke and 36 more8 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Alabama, 2019Tornado Watches in Mississippi, 2019Every tornado watch in 2019

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.