Alert archive / South Dakota / Tornado Watches in 2018

Tornado Watch 280

July 18, 201811 counties in Nebraska; 29 counties in South Dakota

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Jul 18, 2018, 3:43 PM CDT for 11 counties in Nebraska; 29 counties in South Dakota. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jul 18, 2018, 3:43 PM CDT (20:43 UTC)
Expired
Jul 18, 2018, 10:47 PM CDT
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
2 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 40 counties

Antelope County, NE, Boyd County, NE, Brown County, NE, Cedar County, NE, Garfield County, NE, Holt County, NE, Keya Paha County, NE, Knox County, NE, Pierce County, NE, Rock County, NE, Wheeler County, NE, Aurora County, SD, Bennett County, SD, Bon Homme County, SD, Brule County, SD, Buffalo County, SD, Charles Mix County, SD, Davison County, SD, Dewey County, SD, Douglas County, SD, Gregory County, SD, Haakon County, SD, Hand County, SD, Hughes County, SD, Hutchinson County, SD, Hyde County, SD, Jackson County, SD, Jerauld County, SD, Jones County, SD, Lyman County, SD, Meade County, SD, Mellette County, SD, Oglala Lakota County, SD, Pennington County, SD, Potter County, SD, Stanley County, SD, Sully County, SD, Todd County, SD, Tripp County, SD, Ziebach County, SD

The radar

The Rapid City radar (KUDX), 163 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:46 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
30%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
10%
Ten or more severe wind reports
50%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
70%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
30%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
95%

Warnings issued inside it

35 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 18, 4:12 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRCuster, Pennington48 min
Jul 18, 4:18 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDCharles Mix42 min
Jul 18, 4:36 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNROglala Lakota39 min
Jul 18, 5:06 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRTodd, Tripp39 min
Jul 18, 5:21 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRHand52 min
Jul 18, 5:23 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFBrown, Cherry, Keya Paha37 min
Jul 18, 5:33 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRHughes29 min
Jul 18, 5:42 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRHand30 min
Jul 18, 5:48 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOAXCedar, Knox42 min
Jul 18, 5:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFGarfield, Holt15 min
Jul 18, 6:03 PM CDTTornado WarningLBFGarfield, Holt42 min
Jul 18, 6:08 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOAXKnox4 hr
Jul 18, 6:15 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFBrown, Keya Paha, Rock45 min
Jul 18, 6:18 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRLyman42 min
Jul 18, 6:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRLyman47 min
Jul 18, 6:48 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFBrown, Rock46 min
Jul 18, 6:51 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOAXCedar, Knox39 min
Jul 18, 6:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFGarfield, Loup50 min
Jul 18, 6:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRHand35 min
Jul 18, 7:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRTripp56 min
Jul 18, 7:06 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFBoyd, Holt39 min
Jul 18, 7:26 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOAXCedar, Pierce, Wayne49 min
Jul 18, 7:42 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRLyman33 min
Jul 18, 7:48 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDBrule, Charles Mix, Gregory42 min
Jul 18, 7:54 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFCuster, Garfield, Loup21 min
Jul 18, 8:03 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRTodd, Tripp43 min
Jul 18, 8:09 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOAXCedar, Wayne51 min
Jul 18, 8:10 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFHolt50 min
Jul 18, 8:28 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDAurora, Brule, Charles Mix, Gregory32 min
Jul 18, 8:42 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOAXAntelope, Knox48 min
Jul 18, 9:00 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBFHolt45 min
Jul 18, 9:01 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOAXCedar44 min
Jul 18, 9:02 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOAXCedar3 hr
Jul 18, 9:22 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOAXAntelope, Knox38 min
Jul 18, 10:39 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOAXAntelope, Madison, Pierce36 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Rapid City, SD (KRAP), launched 12:00Z, 8.7 hours before the alert went out and 168 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Rapid City, SD at 12:00Z on 2018-07-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Rapid City, SD at 12:00Z on 2018-07-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 37 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1200 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
30 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
37 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
92 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

481 
WWUS20 KWNS 182040
SEL0  
SPC WW 182040
NEZ000-SDZ000-190400-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 280
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
340 PM CDT Wed Jul 18 2018

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Northern Nebraska
  South Dakota

* Effective this Wednesday afternoon and evening from 340 PM
  until 1100 PM CDT.

* Primary threats include...
  A couple tornadoes possible
  Scattered large hail likely with isolated very large hail events
    to 2 inches in diameter possible
  Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph possible

SUMMARY...On the southern periphery of an upper-level system moving
slowly eastward over the Dakotas, storms will continue to increase
in coverage and intensity through the remainder of the afternoon
into this evening. A relatively moist environment and strengthening
winds aloft (reference 19Z Rapid City special observed sounding)
will support supercells capable of large hail. A concern for a
couple of tornadoes also exists especially along a warm front that
extends across central/southern South Dakota into northern Nebraska.
Otherwise, storms will eventually cluster and move southeastward
across the region this evening with some increased potential for
damaging winds.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 70 statute miles
north and south of a line from 70 miles northwest of Philip SD to 45
miles northeast of Oneill NE. For a complete depiction of the watch
see the associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS WOU0).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 2 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 500. Mean
storm motion vector 29025.

...Guyer

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 17, 11:04 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBox Butte, Dawes, Scotts Bluff, Sheridan, Sioux86 min
Jul 18, 1:57 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCArthur, Garden, Grant, Hooker, Keith, McPherson and 2 more2 hr
Jul 18, 1:39 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBoyd, Brown, Holt, Keya Paha, Rock2 hr
Jul 18, 4:59 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBlaine, Brown, Buffalo, Cherry, Custer, Dawson and 15 more91 min
Jul 18, 5:16 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAntelope, Boyd, Cedar, Dixon, Holt, Keya Paha and 5 more119 min
Jul 18, 6:14 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCAdams, Antelope, Blaine, Boone, Boyd, Brown and 52 more7 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in South Dakota, 2018Tornado Watches in Nebraska, 2018Every tornado watch in 2018

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.