Alert archive / Alabama / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2016

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 85, NWS Huntsville, AL

November 30, 2016Jackson County, Madison County, Marshall County, Alabama

NWS Huntsville, AL issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Nov 30, 2016, 3:53 AM CST for Jackson County, Madison County, Marshall County, Alabama. It was in force for 37 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: Nov 30, 2016, 3:53 AM CST (09:53 UTC)
Expired: Nov 30, 2016, 4:30 AM CST
In force: 37 min
Issued by: NWS Huntsville, AL
Area: Storm-based polygon
Tornado: Possible
Hail: 0.75 in
Wind: 60.0 mph

Counties Jackson County, AL, Madison County, AL, Marshall County, AL

The radar

The Northeast Alabama radar (KHTX), 40 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 09:55 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
Nov 30, 2:54 AM CST	Tornado Watch	SPC	7 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 00:00Z, 9.9 hours before the alert went out and 165 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 606 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -32 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 698 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 67 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 410 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 477 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 1.7
Supercell composite: 7.4

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

344 
WUUS54 KHUN 300953
SVRHUN
ALC071-089-095-301030-
/O.NEW.KHUN.SV.W.0085.161130T0953Z-161130T1030Z/

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
353 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN HUNTSVILLE ALABAMA HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  SOUTHEASTERN MADISON COUNTY IN NORTH CENTRAL ALABAMA...
  CENTRAL JACKSON COUNTY IN NORTHEASTERN ALABAMA...
  NORTHEASTERN MARSHALL COUNTY IN NORTHEASTERN ALABAMA...

* UNTIL 430 AM CST

* AT 352 AM CST...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED NEAR GRANT...OR
  11 MILES NORTH OF GUNTERSVILLE...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 50 MPH.

  HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS AND PENNY SIZE HAIL. 

  SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED. 

  IMPACT...EXPECT DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING...AND TREES. 

* LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
  SCOTTSBORO...OWENS CROSS ROADS...HOLLYWOOD...GRANT...SKYLINE...
  SECTION...WOODVILLE...PISGAH...PLEASANT GROVES AND DUTTON.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

FOR YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
BUILDING.

&&

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 AM CST FOR NORTH CENTRAL
AND NORTHEASTERN ALABAMA.

LAT...LON 3440 8636 3457 8649 3489 8599 3466 8578
TIME...MOT...LOC 0952Z 236DEG 44KT 3453 8634 

TORNADO...POSSIBLE
HAIL...0.75IN
WIND...60MPH
 
$$

STUMPF

2 follow-up statements

859 
WWUS54 KHUN 301017
SVSHUN

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
417 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

ALC089-095-301027-
/O.CAN.KHUN.SV.W.0085.000000T0000Z-161130T1030Z/
MADISON AL-MARSHALL AL-
417 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR SOUTHEASTERN MADISON AND
NORTHEASTERN MARSHALL COUNTIES IS CANCELLED...
    
THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS MOVED OUT OF
THE WARNED AREA. THEREFORE...THE WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED.

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 AM CST FOR NORTH CENTRAL
AND NORTHEASTERN ALABAMA.

LAT...LON 3452 8611 3453 8611 3453 8613 3452 8614
      3453 8614 3453 8615 3454 8614 3455 8615
      3460 8615 3460 8628 3465 8636 3489 8599
      3466 8578
TIME...MOT...LOC 1017Z 236DEG 44KT 3470 8603 

$$

ALC071-301030-
/O.CON.KHUN.SV.W.0085.000000T0000Z-161130T1030Z/
JACKSON AL-
417 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 430 AM CST
FOR CENTRAL JACKSON COUNTY...

AT 417 AM CST...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED OVER SCOTTSBORO...
MOVING NORTHEAST AT 50 MPH.

HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS AND PENNY SIZE HAIL. 

SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED. 

IMPACT...EXPECT DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING...AND TREES. 

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
SCOTTSBORO...HOLLYWOOD...SKYLINE...SECTION...WOODVILLE...PISGAH...
PLEASANT GROVES...DUTTON...LANGSTON AND PAINT ROCK.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

FOR YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
BUILDING.

&&

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 AM CST FOR NORTH CENTRAL
AND NORTHEASTERN ALABAMA.

LAT...LON 3452 8611 3453 8611 3453 8613 3452 8614
      3453 8614 3453 8615 3454 8614 3455 8615
      3460 8615 3460 8628 3465 8636 3489 8599
      3466 8578
TIME...MOT...LOC 1017Z 236DEG 44KT 3470 8603 

HAIL...0.75IN
WIND...60MPH
 
$$

STUMPF

990 
WWUS54 KHUN 301027
SVSHUN

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
427 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

ALC071-301037-
/O.EXP.KHUN.SV.W.0085.000000T0000Z-161130T1030Z/
JACKSON AL-
427 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR CENTRAL JACKSON COUNTY WILL
EXPIRE AT 430 AM CST...
                
THE STORM WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS WEAKENED BELOW SEVERE
LIMITS...AND NO LONGER POSE AN IMMEDIATE THREAT TO LIFE OR PROPERTY.
THEREFORE THE WARNING WILL BE ALLOWED TO EXPIRE.  HOWEVER GUSTY WINDS
AND HEAVY RAIN ARE STILL POSSIBLE WITH THIS THUNDERSTORM.

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 AM CST FOR NORTH CENTRAL
AND NORTHEASTERN ALABAMA.

LAT...LON 3452 8611 3453 8611 3453 8613 3452 8614
      3453 8614 3453 8615 3454 8614 3455 8615
      3460 8615 3460 8628 3465 8636 3489 8599
      3466 8578
TIME...MOT...LOC 1027Z 236DEG 44KT 3476 8592 

$$

STUMPF

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Huntsville, AL wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Nov 30, 3:13 AM CST, 40 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Nov 30, 3:13 AM CST, 40 minutes before

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Huntsville AL
313 AM CST Wed Nov 30 2016

.NEAR TERM...(Today)
Issued at 230 AM CST Wed Nov 30 2016

Tornado watch has been extended again to 10 am for Cullman, Morgan,
Madison, Marshall, Jackson and Dekalb counties. Hoping to be able to
cut counties as the storms slowly move east this mrng.

Otherwise a slow moving cdfnt is moving across wrn TN attm with a
band of shra/tsra ahead of the cdfnt. Storms were beginning to
decrease in areal coverage and intensity however there will still be
a chc of a few svr tsra or even a tornado during the rest of the
early mrng hours.

The cdfnt will finally move across the cwa by the early aftn. For
now will keep svr storms wording for the counties in the tornado
watch for this mrng only (10am). Elsewhere will keep all pcpn as
shra until arnd 18z. After 18z will keep a low pop for shra in our
extreme nern zones. Otherwise clouds will be slow to burn off today
with aftn highs in the lower 60s.

.SHORT TERM...(Tonight through Friday night)
Issued at 230 AM CST Wed Nov 30 2016

A large area of high pressure will begin to build across the area
with dry conditions and cool temps during this timeframe. Aftn highs
on Friday will be in the mid to upper 50s with mrng lows in the 30s.

.LONG TERM...(Saturday through Tuesday)
Issued at 230 AM CST Wed Nov 30 2016

Attm do not have a lot of confidence during this timeframe with
timing and amounts of pcpn. GFS has an upper low digging over srn TX
by Saturday along with a weak upper wave over the mid west that may
kick off a few shra across the TN valley for both Saturday and
Sunday. Weak ridging over the area on Monday may keep a break in the
chc of pcpn (shra) for most of Monday. But by Monday night and
Tuesday another weak wave may kick off more sct shra across the cwa.
This may be another significant rainfall event shaping up on Monday
and Tuesday, especially if ECMWF is correct. Overall any pcpn during
this fcst package looks like all shra for now.

&&

.AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Wednesday night)
Issued at 1115 PM CST Tue Nov 29 2016

A line of sct storms, ahead of a cdfnt now over sern MO, will
continue thru 09z before beginning to diminish. The cdfnt will go
thru KMSL arnd 12z and by 15z at KHSV. Mainly ifr conditions are
expected at both taf sites thru 18z, after 18z vfr conditions are
expected.

&&

.HUN WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
AL...NONE.
TN...NONE.
&&

NEAR TERM...007
SHORT TERM...007
LONG TERM...007
AVIATION...007

For more information please visit our website
at weather.gov/huntsville.

Hazardous weather outlook, Nov 30, 3:27 AM CST, 26 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
327 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

ALZ001>010-016-TNZ076-096-097-302200-
LAUDERDALE-COLBERT-FRANKLIN AL-LAWRENCE-LIMESTONE-MADISON-MORGAN-
MARSHALL-JACKSON-DE KALB-CULLMAN-MOORE-LINCOLN-FRANKLIN TN-
327 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTH ALABAMA AND PORTIONS OF
SOUTHERN MIDDLE TENNESSEE.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT...

A FEW STRONG TO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS MAY BE POSSIBLE EARLY THIS
MORNING ESPECIALLY EAST OF INTERSTATE 65. THE THREAT OF SEVERE
WEATHER WILL TAPER OFF BY 10 AM. THE PRIMARY THREATS WITH THESE
STORMS WILL BE DAMAGING WIND GUSTS AND A BRIEF TORNADO. A TORNADO
WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR CULLMAN...MORGAN...MADISON, MARSHALL, JACKSON,
AND DEKALB COUNTIES THROUGH 10 AM.

THERE WILL ALSO BE A THREAT OF HEAVY RAIN WITH LOCALIZED FLASH
FLOODING EARLY THIS MORNING.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY...

NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME.

.SPOTTER CALL TO ACTION STATEMENT...

ACTIVATION OF STORM SPOTTERS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL IS
IN PROGRESS.

In the hours before

Local storm report, Nov 30, 12:54 AM CST, 2 hours 59 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
1254 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1210 AM     TORNADO          2 NNW IDER              34.73N 85.69W
11/30/2016                   DEKALB             AL   EMERGENCY MNGR

            MULTIPLE TREES AND POWERLINES REPORTED DOWN. MULTIPLE
            INJURIES ALSO REPORTED.

&&

Local storm report, Nov 30, 12:59 AM CST, 2 hours 54 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
1259 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1226 AM     TORNADO          4 NNE IDER              34.76N 85.65W
11/30/2016                   DEKALB             AL   EMERGENCY MNGR

            ROOF TORN OFF OF A HOME ALONG COUNTY ROAD 159 NORTH OF
            IDER.

&&

Local storm report, Nov 30, 1:07 AM CST, 2 hours 46 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
107 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1240 AM     TSTM WND GST     6 WSW TRINITY           34.57N 87.17W
11/30/2016  E63 MPH          LAWRENCE           AL   TRAINED SPOTTER

            SPEED MEASURED BY AN APRS WEATHER STATION AT EAST
            LAWRENCE HIGH SCHOOL. RELAYED VIA HAM RADIO OPERATORS.

&&

Local storm report, Nov 30, 1:47 AM CST, 2 hours 6 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
147 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1200 AM     TORNADO          5 NNW HENAGAR           34.70N 85.76W
11/30/2016                   JACKSON            AL   EMERGENCY MNGR

            *** 2 FATAL *** TWO COMFIRMED FATALITIES ALONG COUNTY
            ROAD 659 AND HIGHWAY 71 IN ROSALIE. MACKLIN BAPTIST
            CHURCH AND ROSALIE PLAZA HAVE ALSO BEEN COMPLETELY
            DESTROYED.

&&

Local storm report, Nov 30, 2:13 AM CST, 1 hour 40 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT...CORRECTED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
213 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1202 AM     TORNADO          5 NNW HENAGAR           34.70N 85.76W
11/30/2016                   JACKSON            AL   EMERGENCY MNGR

            *** 3 FATAL *** THREE COMFIRMED FATALITIES ALONG COUNTY
            ROAD 659 AND HIGHWAY 71 IN ROSALIE. MACKLIN BAPTIST
            CHURCH AND ROSALIE PLAZA HAVE ALSO BEEN COMPLETELY
            DESTROYED.

&&

Local storm report, Nov 30, 3:38 AM CST, 15 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HUNTSVILLE AL
338 AM CST WED NOV 30 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0300 AM     HAIL             NNE JONES CHAPEL        34.21N 87.05W
11/30/2016  E1.75 INCH       CULLMAN            AL   EMERGENCY MNGR

&&

The office that day

Everything else NWS Huntsville, AL issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Nov 29, 6:28 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Franklin	47 min
Nov 29, 7:05 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Colbert, Franklin	25 min
Nov 29, 7:14 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Colbert, Franklin	31 min
Nov 29, 7:31 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Colbert, Lauderdale, Lawrence	29 min
Nov 29, 7:59 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone	31 min
Nov 29, 8:22 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Lawrence, Morgan	38 min
Nov 29, 8:25 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning	HUN	Colbert, Franklin, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone	4 hr
Nov 29, 8:32 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Limestone, Madison	28 min
Nov 29, 8:44 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Limestone, Madison, Morgan	46 min
Nov 29, 8:48 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Franklin	27 min
Nov 29, 8:58 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Limestone, Madison, Morgan	22 min
Nov 29, 8:59 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Cullman	31 min
Nov 29, 9:07 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Limestone, Madison	23 min
Nov 29, 9:23 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Cullman, Morgan	37 min
Nov 29, 9:24 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Madison	23 min
Nov 29, 9:32 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Lawrence, Limestone	43 min
Nov 29, 9:41 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Lawrence, Limestone	19 min
Nov 29, 9:41 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Jackson, Madison	37 min
Nov 29, 10:17 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Cullman	28 min
Nov 29, 10:20 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Jackson	40 min
Nov 29, 10:31 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Morgan	29 min
Nov 29, 10:34 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Madison	41 min
Nov 29, 10:49 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Jackson	41 min
Nov 29, 10:54 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Jackson	36 min
Nov 29, 10:56 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Marshall, Morgan	22 min
Nov 29, 11:12 PM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Madison, Marshall	14 min
Nov 29, 11:32 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Jackson, Marshall	43 min
Nov 30, 12:02 AM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	DeKalb, Jackson	24 min
Nov 30, 12:05 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Franklin, Lawrence, Morgan	40 min
Nov 30, 12:23 AM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Jackson	23 min
Nov 30, 12:37 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Lawrence, Limestone, Madison, Morgan	38 min
Nov 30, 12:50 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Lawrence, Morgan	40 min
Nov 30, 12:55 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Limestone, Madison, Morgan	50 min
Nov 30, 1:21 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Madison, Marshall, Morgan	39 min
Nov 30, 1:40 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Jackson	65 min
Nov 30, 1:41 AM CST	Flash Flood Warning	HUN	Lawrence, Limestone, Madison, Morgan	6 hr
Nov 30, 1:44 AM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Jackson	31 min
Nov 30, 1:53 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	Jackson, Madison, Marshall, Morgan	40 min
Nov 30, 2:12 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	DeKalb, Jackson	33 min
Nov 30, 2:15 AM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Jackson	30 min
Nov 30, 2:37 AM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Cullman	38 min
Nov 30, 2:39 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HUN	DeKalb, Jackson	36 min
Nov 30, 3:08 AM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Cullman, Marshall, Morgan	37 min
Nov 30, 3:14 AM CST	Flash Flood Warning	HUN	Jackson	6 hr
Nov 30, 3:34 AM CST	Tornado Warning	HUN	Madison, Marshall, Morgan	26 min
Nov 30, 4:29 AM CST	Special Weather Statement	HUN	Jackson	46 min
Nov 30, 5:11 AM CST	Special Weather Statement	HUN	Cullman	49 min
Nov 30, 5:15 AM CST	Flash Flood Warning	HUN	Cullman, Madison, Marshall, Morgan	6 hr
Nov 30, 6:44 AM CST	Flash Flood Warning	HUN	DeKalb, Jackson, Marshall	4 hr
Nov 30, 10:49 AM CST	Areal Flood Warning	HUN	DeKalb, Jackson, Marshall	4 hr

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Alabama, 2016 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2016

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.