Alert archive / Missouri / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2014

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 255, NWS Springfield, MO

October 2, 2014Douglas County, Missouri

NWS Springfield, MO issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Oct 2, 2014, 5:02 PM CDT for Douglas County, Missouri. It was in force for 43 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued: Oct 2, 2014, 5:02 PM CDT (22:02 UTC)
Expired: Oct 2, 2014, 5:45 PM CDT
In force: 43 min
Issued by: NWS Springfield, MO
Area: Storm-based polygon
Hail: 1.0 in
Wind: 60.0 mph

County Douglas County, MO

The radar

The Springfield radar (KSGF), 71 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:02 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

Time	Report	Where	Remark
Oct 2, 5:20 PM CDT	HAIL 1	5 W Ava, MO	1 INCH HAIL REPORTED AT Y HWY AND COUNTY ROAD 501.
Oct 2, 5:23 PM CDT	TSTM WND DMG	Ava, MO	SIDING RIPPED OFF MOBIL HOME IN AVA.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched 2 storm reports to this severe thunderstorm warning; the first came 18 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
Oct 2, 12:20 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	8 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Springfield, MO (KSGF), launched 12:00Z, 10.0 hours before the alert went out and 97 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 2054 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -20 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 689 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 38 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 285 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 281 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 2.3
Supercell composite: 11.6

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

406 
WUUS53 KSGF 022202
SVRSGF
MOC067-022245-
/O.NEW.KSGF.SV.W.0255.141002T2202Z-141002T2245Z/

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
502 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN SPRINGFIELD HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  DOUGLAS COUNTY IN SOUTHWEST MISSOURI...

* UNTIL 545 PM CDT

* AT 500 PM CDT...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED 2 MILES WEST OF  
  GOODHOPE...AND MOVING NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.

  HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS AND QUARTER SIZE HAIL.

  SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

  IMPACT...HAIL DAMAGE TO VEHICLES IS EXPECTED. EXPECT WIND DAMAGE TO
           ROOFS...SIDING AND TREES.

* THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WILL BE NEAR...
  GOODHOPE AROUND 510 PM CDT.
  DOGWOOD AROUND 515 PM CDT.
  AVA AROUND 520 PM CDT.
  BRUSHYKNOB AROUND 535 PM CDT.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

FOR YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
BUILDING.

&&

LAT...LON 3681 9291 3699 9291 3707 9282 3706 9223
      3696 9238 3689 9256 3683 9276 3680 9288
TIME...MOT...LOC 2202Z 231DEG 35KT 3689 9290

HAIL...1.00IN
WIND...60MPH

$$

CRAMER

3 follow-up statements

642 
WWUS53 KSGF 022219
SVSSGF

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
519 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

MOC067-022245-
/O.CON.KSGF.SV.W.0255.000000T0000Z-141002T2245Z/
DOUGLAS MO-
519 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR CENTRAL
DOUGLAS COUNTY UNTIL 545 PM CDT...

AT 518 PM CDT...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED 5 MILES NORTHWEST
OF AVA...AND MOVING NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.

HAZARD...GOLF BALL SIZE HAIL AND 70 MPH WIND GUSTS.

SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

IMPACT...PEOPLE AND ANIMALS OUTDOORS WILL BE INJURED. EXPECT HAIL
         DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING...WINDOWS AND VEHICLES. EXPECT
         CONSIDERABLE TREE DAMAGE. WIND DAMAGE IS ALSO LIKELY TO
         MOBILE HOMES...ROOFS AND OUTBUILDINGS.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
AVA AND BRUSHYKNOB.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

FOR YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
BUILDING.

&&

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 800 PM CDT
THURSDAY EVENING FOR SOUTHEAST KANSAS AND SOUTHERN MISSOURI.

LAT...LON 3690 9276 3697 9279 3707 9282 3706 9223
      3696 9238 3689 9256 3687 9272
TIME...MOT...LOC 2219Z 231DEG 35KT 3699 9274

HAIL...1.75IN
WIND...70MPH

$$

CRAMER

563 
WWUS53 KSGF 022235
SVSSGF

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
535 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

MOC067-022245-
/O.CON.KSGF.SV.W.0255.000000T0000Z-141002T2245Z/
DOUGLAS MO-
535 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR NORTH CENTRAL
DOUGLAS COUNTY UNTIL 545 PM CDT...

AT 533 PM CDT...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED OVER CENTRAL
DOUGLAS COUNTY...AND MOVING EAST AT 35 MPH.

HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS AND QUARTER SIZE HAIL.

SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

IMPACT...HAIL DAMAGE TO VEHICLES IS EXPECTED. EXPECT WIND DAMAGE TO
         ROOFS...SIDING AND TREES.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
BRUSHYKNOB.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

FOR YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
BUILDING.

&&

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 800 PM CDT
THURSDAY EVENING FOR SOUTHEAST KANSAS AND SOUTHERN MISSOURI.

LAT...LON 3700 9262 3707 9258 3706 9223 3696 9238
      3689 9256 3688 9261
TIME...MOT...LOC 2235Z 254DEG 30KT 3700 9255

HAIL...1.00IN
WIND...60MPH

$$

CRAMER

526 
WWUS53 KSGF 022248
SVSSGF

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
548 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

MOC067-022258-
/O.EXP.KSGF.SV.W.0255.000000T0000Z-141002T2245Z/
DOUGLAS MO-
548 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTH CENTRAL DOUGLAS COUNTY
HAS EXPIRED...

THE STORM WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS WEAKENED ACROSS THE WARNED 
AREA.

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 800 PM CDT
THURSDAY EVENING FOR SOUTHERN MISSOURI.

LAT...LON 3700 9262 3707 9258 3706 9223 3696 9238
      3689 9256 3688 9261
TIME...MOT...LOC 2235Z 254DEG 30KT 3700 9255

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Springfield, MO wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Oct 2, 2:24 PM CDT, 2 hours 38 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Oct 2, 2:24 PM CDT, 2 hours 38 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
224 PM CDT Thu Oct 2 2014

.SHORT TERM...(This Evening and tonight)

It was a stormy day over extreme southeast Kansas and the Missouri
Ozarks. Heavy rain impacted a few areas north of Interstate 44
where spotty flooding was ongoing. Deeper into south central
Missouri and much of Arkansas, we continue to monitor a more unstable
environment, where temperatures have warmed into the 80s, and dew
points are in the low 70s. This environment is currently yielding
mixed layer capes at 2500 or better.

Large hail and damaging wind gusts continue to be the primary risk
with the more intense storms. However, we can not rule out a
couple tornadoes later this afternoon and evening, as the northern
Arkansas airmass continues to stream into southern Missouri.

Storms should end from west to east this evening, as the cold
front sweeps across the Ozarks.

A Canadian airmass will replace the current Gulf airmass, bring
temperatures down into the lower 50s.

.LONG TERM...(Friday through Thursday)

It's going to legitimately feel like late fall this weekend as
overnight lows could plummet into the mid and upper 30s early
Saturday morning. Lows in the 40s are expected Sunday and Monday
mornings, with highs only warming into 50s and 60s.

Warmer weather is expected on Monday as south winds return. These
south winds will be short-lived as another frontal system
approaches from the northwest Monday night. This feature could
also bring some rain showers Monday night and into Tuesday
morning.

Otherwise nothing too significant was signaled in the medium range
models through next Wednesday. However, there were some
indications of more stormy weather toward the end of next week.
We'll tackle some details on that as we progress with time.

&&

.AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Friday Morning)
Issued at 521 AM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

The main aviation concerns for pilots flying in and out of the
Missouri Ozarks region will be strong to severe convection
developing today through this evening. On going convection this
morning will affect mainly JLN and later SGF. There will be a
small break in convection around midday with additional strong to
severe convection developing by mid to late afternoon.

Have the line of convection moving from west to east affecting JLN
earliest and BBG during the early evening hours. Convection will
taper to VCSH by the evening. There will be ceiling and
visibility drops to low end MVFR if not IFR possible under the
heaviest convection. Gusty and variable winds can be expected
under the strongest convection as well. Winds will generally be
out of ths south today switching to northwest behind a cold front
tonight. Overall trend for tonight will be a drop in ceilings to
low end MVFR flirting with IFR possibly for SGF and BBG.

&&

.SGF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
MO...FLASH FLOOD WATCH until 7 PM CDT this evening FOR MOZ055>058-
     066>071-077>081-088-089.

KS...FLASH FLOOD WATCH until 7 PM CDT this evening FOR KSZ073-097-101.

&&

SHORT TERM...Cramer
LONG TERM...Cramer
AVIATION...Griffin

Hazardous weather outlook, Oct 2, 3:15 PM CDT, 1 hour 47 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
315 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

KSZ073-097-101-MOZ055>058-066>071-077>083-088>098-101>106-032015-
BOURBON-CRAWFORD-CHEROKEE-BENTON-MORGAN-MILLER-MARIES-VERNON-
ST. CLAIR-HICKORY-CAMDEN-PULASKI-PHELPS-BARTON-CEDAR-POLK-DALLAS-
LACLEDE-TEXAS-DENT-JASPER-DADE-GREENE-WEBSTER-WRIGHT-NEWTON-
LAWRENCE-CHRISTIAN-DOUGLAS-HOWELL-SHANNON-MCDONALD-BARRY-STONE-
TANEY-OZARK-OREGON-
315 PM CDT THU OCT 2 2014

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF THE MISSOURI
OZARKS AND EXTREME SOUTHEAST KANSAS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

WEATHER HAZARDS EXPECTED...

  ELEVATED TORNADO RISK.
  ELEVATED HAIL RISK.
  ELEVATED THUNDERSTORM WIND DAMAGE RISK.
  ELEVATED FLOODING RISK.
  SIGNIFICANT LIGHTNING RISK.

DISCUSSION...

STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS WILL CONTINUE ACROSS THE MISSOURI OZARKS
REGION THROUGH THE EVENING HOURS. LARGE HAIL UP TO THE SIZE OF
GOLF BALLS AND DAMAGING WIND GUSTS WILL BE THE PRIMARY RISKS WITH
THE MORE INTENSE STORMS. THE RISK FOR A TORNADO OR TWO IS GREATER
IN SOUTH CENTRAL MISSOURI WHERE THE ATMOSPHERE IS MORE UNSTABLE.
STORMS WILL EXIT THE REGION FROM WEST TO EAST THIS EVENING.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY.

TEMPERATURES IN THE MIDDLE 30S COULD LEAD TO SOME ISOLATED FROST
IN SHELTERED AREAS EARLY SATURDAY MORNING.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

 SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE NEEDED IN THE NEXT THREE HOURS FOR FOR
 LOCATIONS EAST OF INTERSTATE 49.

&&

THIS PRODUCT IS NOW AVAILABLE IN GRAPHICAL FORMAT...ALONG WITH
OTHER WEATHER...HYDROLOGICAL AND CLIMATE INFORMATION...AT
HTTP://WWW.CRH.NOAA.GOV/SGF(ALL LOWERCASE)

CRAMER

In the hours before

Local storm report, Oct 2, 4:01 PM CDT, 1 hour 1 minute before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
401 PM CDT THU OCT 02 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0400 PM     TSTM WND GST     WEST PLAINS             36.73N 91.85W
10/02/2014  M48 MPH          HOWELL             MO   ASOS

            MEASURED AT WEST PLAINS ASOS.

&&

JCOLUCCI

Local storm report, Oct 2, 4:13 PM CDT, 49 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
413 PM CDT THU OCT 02 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0405 PM     TSTM WND DMG     GREENFIELD              37.42N 93.84W
10/02/2014                   DADE               MO   TRAINED SPOTTER

            THREE TO FOUR INCH LIMBS DOWN. TWO DOWNSPOUTS BLOWN OFF
            HOUSE. ANTENNA BENT TO THE GROUND.

&&

JCOLUCCI

Local storm report, Oct 2, 4:22 PM CDT, 40 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
422 PM CDT THU OCT 02 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0415 PM     TSTM WND GST     ASH GROVE               37.32N 93.58W
10/02/2014  E60 MPH          GREENE             MO   FIRE DEPT/RESCUE

&&

JCOLUCCI

Local storm report, Oct 2, 4:42 PM CDT, 20 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
442 PM CDT THU OCT 02 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0416 PM     TSTM WND DMG     COLE CAMP               38.46N 93.20W
10/02/2014                   BENTON             MO   EMERGENCY MNGR

            TREE REPORTED DOWN IN COLE CAMP. NO ROADS BLOCKED.

&&

JCOLUCCI

Local storm report, Oct 2, 4:50 PM CDT, 12 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
450 PM CDT THU OCT 02 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0442 PM     TSTM WND DMG     2 W FAIR GROVE          37.38N 93.19W
10/02/2014                   GREENE             MO   AMATEUR RADIO

            HAM RADIO ANTENNA DAMAGED BY ESTIMATED 50 MPH WIND GUSTS.

&&

JCOLUCCI

Local storm report, Oct 2, 4:57 PM CDT, 5 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SPRINGFIELD MO
457 PM CDT THU OCT 02 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0432 PM     TSTM WND DMG     2 S EBENEZER            37.31N 93.31W
10/02/2014                   GREENE             MO   FIRE DEPT/RESCUE

            SEVERAL LARGE TREE LIMBS DOWN AROUND FARM ROADS
            66...125..AND 68 IN THE VICINITY OF HWY H.

&&

BOXELL

The office that day

Everything else NWS Springfield, MO issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Oct 1, 7:00 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	SGF	Morgan	30 min
Oct 1, 7:23 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Miller, Morgan	37 min
Oct 2, 4:56 AM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Jasper	34 min
Oct 2, 5:24 AM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	SGF	Barton, Jasper	4 hr
Oct 2, 5:46 AM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	SGF	Benton, Morgan	3 hr
Oct 2, 7:55 AM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	SGF	Morgan	4 hr
Oct 2, 9:02 AM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	SGF	Benton	3 hr
Oct 2, 11:46 AM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Webster	29 min
Oct 2, 12:18 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Webster	27 min
Oct 2, 12:39 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	SGF	Miller, Morgan	6 hr
Oct 2, 1:10 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Douglas, Wright	50 min
Oct 2, 1:30 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Texas	30 min
Oct 2, 1:37 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Taney	53 min
Oct 2, 1:43 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Taney	47 min
Oct 2, 2:00 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Dent, Phelps	30 min
Oct 2, 2:05 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Barry	55 min
Oct 2, 2:08 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Dent, Phelps	52 min
Oct 2, 2:28 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Ozark, Taney	47 min
Oct 2, 2:33 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	SGF	Barton, Jasper, Newton, Vernon	5 hr
Oct 2, 2:59 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Dent	31 min
Oct 2, 3:13 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Jasper	47 min
Oct 2, 3:19 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Douglas, Howell, Ozark, Texas	41 min
Oct 2, 3:21 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Barton	24 min
Oct 2, 3:24 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	McDonald	37 min
Oct 2, 3:41 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	SGF	Dade, Lawrence	34 min
Oct 2, 3:45 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Barry	45 min
Oct 2, 3:53 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Howell, Texas	37 min
Oct 2, 3:55 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Cedar, Dade	21 min
Oct 2, 4:03 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Benton, Morgan	38 min
Oct 2, 4:08 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	SGF	Benton, Miller, Morgan	6 hr
Oct 2, 4:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Greene, Polk	49 min
Oct 2, 4:14 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Shannon	61 min
Oct 2, 4:19 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Greene	41 min
Oct 2, 4:28 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	SGF	Barry, Christian, Dade, Greene, Jasper, Lawrence and 4 more	6 hr
Oct 2, 4:55 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	SGF	Dent, Douglas, Howell, Maries, Ozark, Phelps and 4 more	14 hr
Oct 2, 5:53 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Douglas, Howell, Ozark, Texas, Wright	37 min
Oct 2, 6:39 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	SGF	Howell, Shannon	36 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Missouri, 2014 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2014

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.