Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Watches in 2011

Tornado Watch 889

November 16, 201155 counties in Alabama; 44 counties in Georgia

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Nov 16, 2011, 9:46 AM CST for 55 counties in Alabama; 44 counties in Georgia. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Nov 16, 2011, 9:46 AM CST (15:46 UTC)
Expired
Nov 16, 2011, 4:51 PM CST
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 99 counties

Autauga County, AL, Baldwin County, AL, Barbour County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Blount County, AL, Bullock County, AL, Butler County, AL, Calhoun County, AL, Chambers County, AL, Cherokee County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Clarke County, AL, Clay County, AL, Cleburne County, AL, Coffee County, AL, Conecuh County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Covington County, AL, Crenshaw County, AL, Cullman County, AL, Dale County, AL, Dallas County, AL, DeKalb County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Escambia County, AL, Etowah County, AL, Geneva County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Henry County, AL, Houston County, AL, Jackson County, AL, Jefferson County, AL, Lee County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Macon County, AL, Madison County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Marshall County, AL, Mobile County, AL, Monroe County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Morgan County, AL, Perry County, AL, Pike County, AL, Randolph County, AL, Russell County, AL, Shelby County, AL, St. Clair County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tallapoosa County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Walker County, AL, Wilcox County, AL, Winston County, AL, Bartow County, GA, Carroll County, GA, Catoosa County, GA, Chattahoochee County, GA, Chattooga County, GA, Cherokee County, GA, Clayton County, GA, Cobb County, GA, Coweta County, GA, Dade County, GA, Dawson County, GA, DeKalb County, GA, Douglas County, GA, Fannin County, GA, Fayette County, GA, Floyd County, GA, Forsyth County, GA, Fulton County, GA, Gilmer County, GA, Gordon County, GA, Gwinnett County, GA, Hall County, GA, Haralson County, GA, Harris County, GA, Heard County, GA, Henry County, GA, Lumpkin County, GA, Meriwether County, GA, Murray County, GA, Muscogee County, GA, Paulding County, GA, Pickens County, GA, Pike County, GA, Polk County, GA, Rockdale County, GA, Spalding County, GA, Stewart County, GA, Talbot County, GA, Towns County, GA, Troup County, GA, Union County, GA, Walker County, GA, White County, GA, Whitfield County, GA

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 66 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 15:47 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
60%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
30%
Ten or more severe wind reports
30%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
30%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
10%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
70%

Warnings issued inside it

27 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Nov 16, 9:46 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXChilton, Coosa44 min
Nov 16, 9:50 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUNJackson40 min
Nov 16, 9:56 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXCalhoun, St. Clair, Talladega34 min
Nov 16, 10:20 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXAutauga, Dallas, Elmore, Lowndes, Montgomery40 min
Nov 16, 10:25 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXCalhoun35 min
Nov 16, 10:35 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBButler, Conecuh, Crenshaw, Monroe, Wilcox55 min
Nov 16, 10:36 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXLowndes, Montgomery24 min
Nov 16, 10:39 AM CSTTornado WarningMOBButler, Crenshaw, Monroe, Wilcox55 min
Nov 16, 10:56 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXCalhoun, Cherokee, Cleburne34 min
Nov 16, 10:58 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXLowndes, Montgomery32 min
Nov 16, 10:59 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXElmore, Montgomery31 min
Nov 16, 11:21 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXElmore, Macon, Montgomery, Tallapoosa39 min
Nov 16, 11:40 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXBullock, Macon, Montgomery23 min
Nov 16, 11:46 AM CSTTornado WarningFFCCobb, Paulding29 min
Nov 16, 11:48 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXChambers, Lee, Macon42 min
Nov 16, 12:06 PM CSTTornado WarningFFCCherokee, Cobb, Fulton39 min
Nov 16, 12:11 PM CSTTornado WarningFFCHarris, Troup49 min
Nov 16, 12:18 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXChambers, Lee27 min
Nov 16, 12:25 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXBullock, Macon, Russell25 min
Nov 16, 12:25 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFFCCobb, DeKalb, Fulton35 min
Nov 16, 12:28 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFFCCherokee, Forsyth47 min
Nov 16, 12:44 PM CSTTornado WarningFFCDeKalb, Fulton, Gwinnett26 min
Nov 16, 12:52 PM CSTTornado WarningFFCHarris, Meriwether, Talbot, Upson38 min
Nov 16, 12:59 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFFCFannin, Union31 min
Nov 16, 1:24 PM CSTTornado WarningFFCLamar, Meriwether, Pike, Talbot, Upson36 min
Nov 16, 1:41 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFFCChattahoochee, Marion24 min
Nov 16, 2:34 PM CSTTornado WarningTAEHenry, Houston26 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 3.8 hours before the alert went out and 66 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2011-11-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 990 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2011-11-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 133 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
990 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-4 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
497 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
56 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
133 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
197 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.0
Supercell composite
3.6

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

256 
WWUS20 KWNS 161547
SEL9
SPC WW 161547
ALZ000-FLZ000-GAZ000-NCZ000-TNZ000-CWZ000-170000-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 889
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
945 AM CST WED NOV 16 2011

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF

       ALABAMA
       WESTERN FLORIDA PANHANDLE
       WESTERN AND NORTHERN GEORGIA
       FAR WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA
       FAR SOUTHEAST TENNESSEE
       COASTAL WATERS

EFFECTIVE THIS WEDNESDAY MORNING AND EVENING FROM 945 AM UNTIL
600 PM CST.

TORNADOES...HAIL TO 1 INCH IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS
TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 80 STATUTE
MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 45 MILES NORTH OF ROME GEORGIA
TO 30 MILES SOUTH SOUTHEAST OF EVERGREEN ALABAMA.  FOR A COMPLETE
DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE UPDATE
(WOUS64 KWNS WOU9).

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...THIS TORNADO WATCH REPLACES TORNADO
WATCH NUMBER 887. WATCH NUMBER 887 WILL NOT BE IN EFFECT AFTER
945 AM CST. CONTINUE...WW 888...

DISCUSSION...SFC LOW VICINITY OF HUN AS OF 15Z WILL CONTINUE TO
DEVELOP ENEWD ALONG LOW-LEVEL BAROCLINIC ZONE TODAY.
WAA/ISALLOBARIC FORCING IN ADVANCE OF THIS FEATURE WILL PROMOTE AN
INCREASE IN TORNADIC SUPERCELL POTENTIAL INTO THE SRN APPALACHIANS
WITHIN A STRONGLY SHEARED AND WEAKLY UNSTABLE ENVIRONMENT.  FARTHER
S...A CLUSTER OF SUPERCELLS IS ONGOING ACROSS CNTRL/SRN AL WITHIN A
VERY MOIST AND MODERATELY UNSTABLE ENVIRONMENT.  HERE TOO...LOW- AND
DEEP-LAYER SHEAR WILL REMAIN MORE THAN SUFFICIENT TO SUPPORT
ROTATING STORMS CAPABLE OF TORNADOES AND DAMAGING WINDS.

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 1 INCH. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND
GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 500.
MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 24035.


...MEAD

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Nov 15, 8:59 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCMobile, Washington2 hr
Nov 16, 1:35 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Bibb, Blount, Butler, Calhoun, Chilton and 33 more115 min
Nov 16, 2:20 AM CSTTornado WatchSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Blount, Butler, Calhoun and 36 more8 hr
Nov 16, 5:33 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChoctaw, Fayette, Greene, Hale, Jefferson, Lamar and 5 more87 min
Nov 16, 7:25 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Chambers and 15 more95 min
Nov 16, 9:59 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun and 31 more91 min
Nov 16, 12:17 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBarbour, Dale, Geneva, Henry, Houston, Russell118 min
Nov 16, 12:35 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCCoffee, Dale, Geneva, Henry, Houston7 hr
Nov 16, 3:06 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAppling, Bacon, Bryan, Bulloch, Burke, Candler and 11 more114 min
Nov 16, 3:30 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCBryan, Bulloch, Candler, Chatham, Effingham, Evans and 6 more7 hr
Nov 16, 4:35 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAppling, Atkinson, Bacon, Berrien, Brantley, Brooks and 16 more85 min
Nov 16, 5:48 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChatham, Effingham, Screven87 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Alabama, 2011Tornado Watches in Georgia, 2011Every tornado watch in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.