Alert archive / North Carolina / Flash Flood Warnings in 2006
Flash Flood Warning 24, NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued this flash flood warning at Aug 31, 2006, 8:57 AM EDT for Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. It was in force for 6 hr. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- Aug 31, 2006, 8:57 AM EDT (12:57 UTC)
- Expired
- Aug 31, 2006, 3:00 PM EDT
- In force
- 6 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
- Area
- Counties, with a storm outline in the text
County Mecklenburg County, NC
The radar
The Greer radar (KGSP), 129 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 12:57 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aug 31, 9:00 AM EDT | FLASH FLOOD | Charlotte, NC | SEVERAL MOBILE HOMES FLOODED BY STEELE CREEK ALONG JOHN PRICE ROAD. |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
Did it verify
Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched one storm report to this flash flood warning; the first came 3 minutes after it went out.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The nearest sounding before it
Greensboro/Hi Pt, NC (KGSO), launched 12:00Z, 1.0 hours before the alert went out and 131 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 333 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -1 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 520 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 22 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 8 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 97 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
000 WGUS52 KGSP 311304 FFWGSP NCC119-311900- BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED FLASH FLOOD WARNING NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 857 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG HAS ISSUED A * FLASH FLOOD WARNING FOR... MECKLENBURG COUNTY IN THE PIEDMONT OF NORTH CAROLINA * UNTIL 300 PM EDT THURSDAY * AT 853 AM EDT...LOCAL OFFICIALS INDICATE THAT STEELE CREEK NEAR JOHN PRICE ROAD WAS RISING RAPIDLY AND MAY THREATEN A TRAILER PARK IN THE AREA. * ADDITIONAL HEAVY RAIN IS EXPECTED THROUGH THE MORNING INTO THE AFTERNOON WHICH IS LIKELY TO RESULT IN FLASH FLOODING IN PLACES THROUGHOUT THE CHARLOTTE METROPOLITAN AREA. DO NOT DRIVE YOUR VEHICLE INTO AREAS WHERE THE WATER COVERS THE ROADWAY. THE WATER DEPTH MAY BE TOO GREAT TO ALLOW YOUR CAR TO CROSS SAFELY. VEHICLES CAUGHT IN RISING WATER SHOULD BE ABANDONED QUICKLY. MOVE TO HIGHER GROUND. EVEN MODERN SPORT UTILITY VEHICLES CANNOT BE SAFELY DRIVEN THROUGH FLOOD WATERS. TO REPORT HIGH WATER...FLOODING...OR OTHER SEVERE WEATHER THROUGH OUR AUTOMATED REPORTING SYSTEM...CALL OUR TOLL FREE NUMBER...1 8 7 7...6 3 3...6 7 7 2. LAT...LON 3512 8098 3508 8082 3519 8063 3545 8087 $$ LG
2 follow-up statements
000 WGUS72 KGSP 311501 FFSGSP FLASH FLOOD STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 1100 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 NCC119-311900- MECKLENBURG NC- 1100 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 ...A FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 300 PM EDT FOR MECKLENBURG COUNTY... AT 1100 AM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR CONTINUED TO INDICATE A BAND OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS STRETCHING THROUGH THE CHARLOTTE METROPOLITAN AREA. RADAR INDICATES RAINFALL RATES AROUND 1/4 INCH PER HOUR...AND THESE RATES WILL LIKELY INCREASE TO 1/2 INCH PER HOUR INTO THE AFTERNOON. FLOODING HAD PREVIOUSLY BEEN REPORTED ALONG JOHN PRICE ROAD OFF CAROWINDS BOULEVARD IN THE SOUTHERN END OF THE COUNTY. THE ADDITIONAL HEAVY RAIN MOVING INTO THE AREA COULD ALLOW ADDITIONAL FLOODING TO OCCUR ALONG STEELE AND LITTLE SUGAR CREEKS...AND POSSIBLY WORSEN THROUGH THE AFTERNOON. FLOODING HAS ALSO BEEN REPORTED ALONG SIX MILE CREEK IN THE SOUTHEAST END OF THE COUNTY...AND THIS FLOODING WILL ALSO LIKELY WORSEN THROUGH THE AFTERNOON. EXCESSIVE RUNOFF FROM HEAVY RAINFALL WILL CAUSE ADDITIONAL FLOODING OF SMALL CREEKS AND STREAMS...URBAN AREAS...HIGHWAYS...STREETS AND UNDERPASSES AS WELL AS OTHER DRAINAGE AREAS AND LOW LYING SPOTS. A FLASH FLOOD WARNING MEANS THAT FLOODING IS IMMINENT OR OCCURRING. IF YOU ARE IN THE WARNING AREA MOVE TO HIGHER GROUND IMMEDIATELY. RESIDENTS LIVING ALONG STREAMS AND CREEKS SHOULD TAKE IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT LIFE AND PROPERTY. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CROSS SWIFTLY FLOWING WATERS OR WATERS OF UNKNOWN DEPTH BY FOOT OR BY AUTOMOBILE. LAT...LON 3512 8098 3508 8082 3519 8063 3545 8087 $$ HG
000 WGUS72 KGSP 311834 FFSGSP FLASH FLOOD STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 230 PM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 NCC119-311900- MECKLENBURG NC- 230 PM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 ...A FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 300 PM EDT FOR MECKLENBURG COUNTY... AT 230 PM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED SCATTERED SHOWERS WITH A FEW THUNDERSTORMS OVER THE CHARLOTTE METROPOLITAN AREA. NO NEW FLOODING FROM THESE SHOWERS HAS BEEN REPORTED BY COUNTY OFFICIALS IN THE PAST COUPLE OF HOURS...SO THE FLASH FLOOD WARNING WILL BE ALLOWED TO EXPIRE ON SCHEDULE AT 3 PM. ADDITIONAL HEAVY RAINFALL ASSOCIATED WITH TROPICAL RAINBANDS FROM ERNESTO WILL LIKELY MOVE BACK INTO THE CHARLOTTE AREA FROM THE EAST THIS EVENING. THE AREA WILL REMAIN UNDER A FLASH FLOOD WATCH THROUGH FRIDAY MORNING. BE AWARE THAT A NEW FLASH FLOOD OR FLOOD WARNING COULD BE REQUIRED AT ANY TIME THROUGH FRIDAY MORNING. IF YOU ENCOUNTER FLOODING...DO NOT ATTEMPT TO DRIVE YOUR VEHICLE INTO AREAS WHERE THE WATER COVERS THE ROADWAY. THE WATER DEPTH MAY BE TOO GREAT TO ALLOW YOUR CAR TO CROSS SAFELY. TURN AROUND AND FIND ANOTHER ROUTE. LAT...LON 3512 8098 3508 8082 3519 8063 3545 8087 $$ HG
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this flash flood warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC wrote its last area forecast discussion before this flash flood warning went out at Aug 31, 3:22 AM EDT, 5 hours 35 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Aug 31, 3:22 AM EDT, 5 hours 35 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
322 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006
.SHORT TERM /TODAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
KGSP STP RADAR PRODUCT INDICATES THAT A LARGE AREA ALONG AND EAST
OF I-77 RECEIVED HEAVY RAIN DURING THE PAST 24 HRS. RADAR
ESTIMATES AND AUTOMATED RAIN GAGES INDICATE THAT SEVERAL LOCATIONS
EAST OF I-85 AND 77 RECEIVED BETWEEN 2-3 INCHES WITH ISOLATED
SPOTS SEEING OVER 5 INCHES. CURRENTLY...AN AREA OF SHRA AND TSRA
IS MOVING NORTH ACROSS THE UPPER SAVANNAH RIVER VALLEY AND A
STRONG CLUSTER OF THUNDERSTORMS OVER UNION NC...EXPECTED TO RESULT
IN FLASH FLOODING.
THE GFS IS THE PREFERRED MODEL SOLUTION THROUGH THE FORECAST PERIOD.
JET DIVERGENCE AND UPSLOPE FLOW WILL INCREASE THIS MORNING ACROSS
THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN REGION AHEAD OF ERNESTO. NHC TRACK AND THE
GFS INDICATE THAT THE CENTER OF THE TROPICAL CIRCULATION MAY PASS A
LITTLE FURTHER EAST. HPC QPF GUIDANCE HAS ALSO SHIFTED THE AXIS OF
HEAVY RAINFALL FURTHER EAST OVER THE COASTAL PLAIN AND CENTRAL NC.
GIVEN THE NEW TRACK AND QPF GUIDANCE FROM HPC AND THE GFS IT APPEARS
THAT THE NC PIEDMONT WILL SEE THE GREATEST RAINFALL AMOUNTS IN THE
CWA. WE EXPECT THAT THE AREA ALONG AND EAST OF I-77 COULD SEE
WIDESPREAD AMOUNTS OF 2-3 INCHES WITH ISOLATED HIGHER VALUES. THE
ADDITIONAL RAINFALL MAY RESULT IN FLOODING...IN ADDITION TO THE
ONGOING EXPECTED FLOODING IN UNION NC. I WILL ISSUE A FLASH FLOOD
WATCH FOR THE I-77 CORRIDOR FOR TODAY AND TONIGHT.
ERNESTO PULLS NORTH OF THE FA TONIGHT AND RAINFALL WILL GRADUALLY
LESSEN FROM THE SW...ESPECIALLY AFTER 12Z FRI. COVERAGE OF THE SHRA
AND TSRA SHOULD GRADUALLY SHIFT TO THE WESTERN UPSLOPE REGIONS OF
THE NC MTNS DURING THE DAY FRI. SCT SHRA AND TSRA COULD EXIST EAST
OF THE MTNS INTO FRI NIGHT AND SAT AS A H5 TROF AXIS SHIFTS EAST.
&&
.LONG TERM /SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
LITTLE CHANGED DURING THE EXTENDED PERIOD.
&&
.AVIATION...
WEATHER SHOULD GET INCREASINGLY SLOPPY AT ALL TAF SITES DURING THE
EARLY MORNING HOURS WITH CEILINGS IN AND OUT OF IFR/LIFR TO GO ALONG
WITH MVFR VISIBILITY IN AND OUT OF CONVECTIVE PRECIP. ALL SIGNS
CONTINUE TO POINT TO A LONG DURATION OF MVFR/IFR CEILING/VIS FOR THE
BETTER PART OF THE DAY AS STRONG UPSLOPE FLOW AND ISENTROPIC UPGLIDE
DEVELOPS AHEAD OF THE CIRCULATION AROUND ERNESTO. FOLLOWING ALONG
WITH THE LATEST GFS...THE BEST FORCING FOR PRECIP SHOULD MOVE OUT
BETWEEN 00Z AND 06Z FRIDAY. ALTHO PRECIP MIGHT END THIS EVENING...
EXPECT LOW CEILINGS/VIS TO PERSIST THURSDAY NIGHT.
&&
.GSP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
GA...NONE.
NC...FLASH FLOOD WATCH FOR NCZ036-037-057-071-072-082 FROM 8 AM
THURSDAY TO NOON FRIDAY.
SC...NONE.
&&
SHORT TERM...NED
LONG TERM...NED
AVIATION...PMHazardous weather outlook, Aug 31, 6:08 AM EDT, 2 hours 49 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 608 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 GAZ010-017-018-026-028-029-NCZ033-035>037-048>053-056>059-062>065- 068>072-082-501>510-SCZ001>014-019-011015- RABUN-HABERSHAM-STEPHENS-FRANKLIN-HART-ELBERT-AVERY-ALEXANDER- IREDELL-DAVIE-MADISON-YANCEY-MITCHELL-SWAIN-HAYWOOD-BUNCOMBE- CATAWBA-ROWAN-GRAHAM-NORTHERN JACKSON-MACON-SOUTHERN JACKSON- TRANSYLVANIA-HENDERSON-CLEVELAND-LINCOLN-GASTON-MECKLENBURG- CABARRUS-UNION NC-CALDWELL MOUNTAINS-GREATER CALDWELL- BURKE MOUNTAINS-GREATER BURKE-MCDOWELL MOUNTAINS-EASTERN MCDOWELL- RUTHERFORD MOUNTAINS-GREATER RUTHERFORD-POLK MOUNTAINS- EASTERN POLK-OCONEE MOUNTAINS-PICKENS MOUNTAINS- GREENVILLE MOUNTAINS-GREATER OCONEE-GREATER PICKENS- GREATER GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG-CHEROKEE-YORK-ANDERSON-ABBEVILLE- LAURENS-UNION SC-CHESTER-GREENWOOD- 608 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF NORTHEAST GEORGIA...PIEDMONT NORTH CAROLINA...WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA AND UPSTATE SOUTH CAROLINA. .DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT PERIODS OF HEAVY RAIN WILL REMAIN OVER THE REGION TODAY AND TONIGHT. ADDITIONAL RAINFALL AMOUNTS MAY RANGE FROM FROM 2 TO 3 INCHES OVER THE NC PIEDMONT TO 1 TO 2 INCHES OVER THE NC MOUNTAINS AND FOOTHILLS. CLUSTERS OF THUNDERSTORMS ARE ANTICIPATED TO DEVELOP ALONG AND EAST OF INTERSTATE 77 TODAY AND POSSIBILITY INTO TONIGHT. THE THUNDERSTORMS WILL PRODUCE VERY HEAVY RAIN AND COULD TRIGGER FLOODING. A FLASH FLOOD WATCH (FFAGSP) IS IN EFFECT FOR THE AREA ALONG AND EAST OF INTERSTATE 77 THROUGH FRIDAY MORNING. ALSO...A SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT (SPSGSP) IS IN EFFECT FOR THE REMAINING PORTION OF THE PIEDMONT WEST TO THE EAST SLOPES OF THE MOUNTAINS. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE EACH DAY...ESPECIALLY OVER THE MOUNTAINS. THE HIGHEST CHANCE FOR THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE DURING THE AFTERNOON AND EVENING. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... SPOTTER REPORTS OF FLOODING WOULD BE APPRECIATE. ALSO...PLEASE REPORT ANY RAINFALL AMOUNTS GREATER THAN 3 INCHES.
In the hours before
Special weather statement, Aug 31, 5:55 AM EDT, 3 hours 2 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 555 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 NCZ033-035-049-050-053-056-063>065-068>070-501>510-SCZ003-006>009- 012>014-311800- AVERY-ALEXANDER-YANCEY-MITCHELL-BUNCOMBE-CATAWBA-SOUTHERN JACKSON- TRANSYLVANIA-HENDERSON-CLEVELAND-LINCOLN-GASTON- CALDWELL MOUNTAINS-GREATER CALDWELL-BURKE MOUNTAINS-GREATER BURKE- MCDOWELL MOUNTAINS-EASTERN MCDOWELL-RUTHERFORD MOUNTAINS- GREATER RUTHERFORD-POLK MOUNTAINS-EASTERN POLK- GREENVILLE MOUNTAINS-GREATER GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG-CHEROKEE-YORK- LAURENS-UNION SC-CHESTER- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...NEWLAND...SPRUCE PINE...ASHEVILLE... HICKORY...BREVARD...HENDERSONVILLE...SHELBY...LINCOLNTON... GASTONIA...LENOIR...MORGANTON...MARION...LAKE LURE...RUTHERFORD... COLUMBUS...GREENVILLE...SPARTANBURG...GAFFNEY...ROCK HILL... LAURENS...UNION...CHESTER 555 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 ...PERIODS OF HEAVY RAIN EXPECTED THROUGH FRIDAY MORNING... BANDS OF MODERATE TO HEAVY RAIN WILL MOVE INTO THE WESTERN CAROLINAS TODAY AND TONIGHT. SHOWERS SHOULD INCREASE IN COVERAGE AS THE CENTER OF TROPICAL STORM ERNESTO APPROACHES THE CAROLINA COAST THIS EVENING. CLUSTERS OF EMBEDDED THUNDERSTORMS COULD ACCOMPANY THE BANDS AS THEY MOVE ACROSS THE PIEDMONT AND POSSIBLY THE FOOTHILLS OF THE CAROLINAS. THESE STORMS COULD PRODUCE PERIODS OF HEAVY RAIN...WITH RAINFALL RATES APPROACHING 2 INCHES AN HOUR. OVER THE PAST 24 HRS...RAIN HAS SATURATED THE SOIL AND HAS ELEVATED LEVELS ON STREAMS AND CREEKS. ADDITIONAL RAINFALL COULD LEAD TO FLOODING OF POOR DRAINAGE OR URBAN AREAS... ESPECIALLY NEAR SMALL CREEKS. A FLASH FLOOD WATCH IS IN EFFECT ALONG AND EAST OF INTERSTATE 77 THROUGH FRIDAY MORNING. NED
Special weather statement, Aug 31, 6:20 AM EDT, 2 hours 37 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT...CORRECTED NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 620 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 NCZ033-035-049-050-053-056-063>065-068>070-501>510-SCZ003-006>009- 012>014-311845- AVERY-ALEXANDER-YANCEY-MITCHELL-BUNCOMBE-CATAWBA-SOUTHERN JACKSON- TRANSYLVANIA-HENDERSON-CLEVELAND-LINCOLN-GASTON- CALDWELL MOUNTAINS-GREATER CALDWELL-BURKE MOUNTAINS-GREATER BURKE- MCDOWELL MOUNTAINS-EASTERN MCDOWELL-RUTHERFORD MOUNTAINS- GREATER RUTHERFORD-POLK MOUNTAINS-EASTERN POLK- GREENVILLE MOUNTAINS-GREATER GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG-CHEROKEE-YORK- LAURENS-UNION SC-CHESTER- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...NEWLAND...SPRUCE PINE...ASHEVILLE... HICKORY...BREVARD...HENDERSONVILLE...SHELBY...LINCOLNTON... GASTONIA...LENOIR...MORGANTON...MARION...LAKE LURE...RUTHERFORD... COLUMBUS...GREENVILLE...SPARTANBURG...GAFFNEY...ROCK HILL... LAURENS...UNION...CHESTER 620 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006 ...PERIODS OF HEAVY RAIN EXPECTED THROUGH FRIDAY MORNING... BANDS OF MODERATE TO HEAVY RAIN WILL MOVE INTO THE WESTERN CAROLINAS TODAY AND TONIGHT. SHOWERS SHOULD INCREASE IN COVERAGE AS THE CENTER OF TROPICAL STORM ERNESTO APPROACHES THE CAROLINA COAST THIS EVENING. CLUSTERS OF EMBEDDED THUNDERSTORMS COULD ACCOMPANY THE BANDS AS THEY MOVE ACROSS THE PIEDMONT AND POSSIBLY THE FOOTHILLS OF THE CAROLINAS. THESE STORMS COULD PRODUCE PERIODS OF HEAVY RAIN...WITH RAINFALL RATES APPROACHING 2 INCHES AN HOUR. OVER THE PAST 24 HOURS...RAIN HAS SATURATED THE SOIL AND HAS ELEVATED LEVELS ON STREAMS AND CREEKS. ADDITIONAL RAINFALL COULD LEAD TO FLOODING OF POOR DRAINAGE OR URBAN AREAS... ESPECIALLY NEAR SMALL CREEKS. A FLASH FLOOD WATCH IS IN EFFECT ALONG AND EAST OF INTERSTATE 77 THROUGH FRIDAY MORNING. NED
Local storm report, Aug 31, 7:49 AM EDT, 1 hour 8 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
749 AM EDT THU AUG 31 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0740 AM FLASH FLOOD 4 NE WAXHAW 34.97N 80.69W
08/31/2006 UNION NC COUNTY OFFICIAL
WATER FROM TWELVEMILE CREEK IS FLOWING OVER NEW TOWN
ROAD.
&&
NEDThe office that day
Everything else NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aug 31, 2:34 AM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | GSP | Union | 3 hr |
| Aug 31, 4:06 AM EDT | Flash Flood Watch | GSP | Alexander, Avery, Buncombe, Burke, Cabarrus, Caldwell and 17 more | 26 hr |
| Aug 31, 7:45 AM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | GSP | Union | 6 hr |
| Aug 31, 1:43 PM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | GSP | Yancey | 4 hr |
| Aug 31, 2:20 PM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | GSP | Madison | 4 hr |
Nearby
Flash Flood Warnings in North Carolina, 2006Every flash flood warning in 2006
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.