Tornadoes · United States · Ohio · 2023

EF1 tornado, Kenton, Ohio, August 12, 2023

This EF1 tornado ran 2.2 miles across Hardin County on August 12, 2023, touching down at 12:46 PM EDT and reaching 200 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $250,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
August 12, 2023
Touchdown
12:46 PM EDT (16:46 UTC)
Lifted
12:52 PM EDT (16:52 UTC)
On the ground
6 minutes
Path length
2.2 miles (3.5 km)
Path width
200 yards (183 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$250,000
County
Hardin County
Touchdown point
40.640, -83.610
Lift-off point
40.630, -83.570
Record number
2308121046-01

The damage survey

14 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS CLE and NWS ILN, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 90 mph.

  • Southern half of roof blown off of farm building with debris into field to the east. Large tree branches snapped north and east of house.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

Scattered showers and thunderstorms developed as a cold front moved through the Ohio Valley.

The tornado first touched down in the vicinity of west Espy Street and Robinson Avenue. Some minor tree limb damage was noted, with some sheet metal damage to buildings in this area, including roof damage to one structure between west Espy Street and U.S. Route 68. Damage was more significant and concentrated in a neighborhood near Detroit Street and Main Street, especially between Railroad Street and Letson Street. Numerous trees and large limbs were downed and numerous homes and garages had at least some minor roof or fascia damage. The winds were likely the strongest just north of Letson Street, where one garage was flattened and another outbuilding had its roof and second floor removed. Debris from these structures could be found at least a quarter mile downstream. Winds at this location were estimated to be about 90 mph. Additional tree damage and minor structural damage was noted on the east side of Main Street, extending from near the Hardin County Sheriff's Office through Brumm Street.||Additional tree damage was observed on the north side of the Scioto River, near and south of Lick Street. This includes one grove of trees south of the end of Stevens Street, with several tree tops snapped off. The tornado then traversed an uninhabited area but minor tree damage was noted near the intersection of Bales Road and County Road 175. In addition, small pieces of insulation were found near this intersection and in the field to the east. This is where the tornado ended.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

19 minutes of warning. NWS ILN issued a tornado warning for this county at 16:27 UTC, 19 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 17:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
16:17 UTC17:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningILN
16:27 UTC17:00 UTCTornado WarningILN
16:50 UTC22:43 UTCTornado WatchILN
16:57 UTC17:15 UTCTornado WarningILN

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 16:23 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Cncnati-Daytn, OH (KILN), 12:00Z

4.8 hours before the tornado, 135 km from the path. August 12, 2023.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Cncnati-Daytn, OH at 12:00Z on 2023-08-12Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1893 joules per kilogram, CIN -16, lifted condensation level 746 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Cncnati-Daytn, OH at 12:00Z on 2023-08-12The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 81 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 33 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1893 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-16 J/kg
Surface CAPE
473 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
746 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
81 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
143 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.7
Supercell composite
4.1
0-3 km lapse rate
4.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Cncnati-Daytn, OH (KILN), 00:00Z

7.2 hours after it, 135 km from the path. August 13, 2023.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Cncnati-Daytn, OH at 00:00Z on 2023-08-13Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 856 joules per kilogram, CIN -8, lifted condensation level 1382 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Cncnati-Daytn, OH at 00:00Z on 2023-08-13The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 73 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 32 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
856 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-8 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1418 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1382 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
32 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
73 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
124 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
1.7
0-3 km lapse rate
6.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Cincinnati radar (KILN), 137 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 16:45 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
16:32 UTCTSTM WND DMGFindlayHancock, OHLarge tree fell into the back of a house in Findlay and took down power lines. Time estimated from radar.
16:46 UTCTORNADOKentonHardin, OHTornado reported on the ground in the city of Kenton.
16:46 UTCTORNADOKentonHardin, OHEF1 tornado confirmed in Hardin County, Ohio. Damage to trees and structures on the south side of the city of Kenton. Estimated winds of 90 MPH.
17:08 UTCTORNADO4 Sse MarseillesMarion, OHA brief tornado touched down just south of the intersection of State Route 309 and Dry Lane Road N. Part of the roof was torn off of an outbuilding with some debris thrown into a nearby field. A few trees were also damag
17:12 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Nne La RueMarion, OHStorm Spotter reported damage to a barn, tree down, and debris scattered in field. Possible tornado may have caused the damage.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2023 tornado in OhioEvery tornado in Ohio since 1950Warnings in force in Ohio nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of August 12, 2023

15 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 123:34 AM CDTEF0Montgomery, MO2.540
August 128:56 AM CDTEF1Fulton, KY1.3350$60,000
August 129:13 AM CDTEF1Hickman, KY2.5275$100,000
August 1211:47 AM CDTEF0Williamson, TN1.940$100,000
August 121:13 PM EDTEF1Marion, OH0.175$23,000
August 121:24 PM EDTEF0Erie, PA0.520$5,000
August 123:20 PM EDTEF0Holmes, OH1.625
August 124:32 PM EDTEF1Luzerne, PA3.3150$100,000
August 126:05 PM EDTEF0Delaware, NY3.7150$15,000
August 127:33 PM EDTEF1Athens, OH2.3300$10,000
August 128:08 PM EDTEF1Washington, PA4.530$350,000
August 128:13 PM EDTEF1Belmont, OH1.620$300,000
August 128:49 PM EDTEF1Cambria, PA0.3100
August 128:55 PM EDTEF0Cambria, PA0.2100$10,000
August 129:00 PM EDTEF0Northwest Hills Planning Region, CT0.830

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.