Tornadoes · United States · Missouri · 2011

EF1 tornado, Billmore to Job, Missouri, May 25, 2011

From Billmore to Job, this EF1 tornado ran 2.5 miles across Oregon County on May 25, 2011, touching down at 2:56 PM CDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $20,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
May 25, 2011
Touchdown
2:56 PM CDT (19:56 UTC)
Lifted
3:05 PM CDT (20:05 UTC)
On the ground
9 minutes
Path length
2.5 miles (4.0 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$20,000
County
Oregon County
Touchdown point
36.571, -91.243
Lift-off point
36.555, -91.275
Record number
1105251356-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A powerful upper level low pressure system moved across the Ozarks causing numerous strong to severe storms to develop with several supercells as well.

A NWS survey team determined that an EF-1 tornado with winds 90 to 100 mph occurred in southern Oregon County. The tornado touched down about three miles north of Mrytle and lifted about five miles north of Mytle. One tree, about three feet in diameter was snapped and several other trees were uprooted with large limbs blown down. Three outbuildings had minor roof damage. The path width was about 100 yards.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

13 minutes of warning. NWS SGF issued a tornado warning for this county at 19:43 UTC, 13 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 20:18 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 15:41 UTC and running to 21:59 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
06:22 UTC10:54 UTCTornado WatchSGF
15:41 UTC21:59 UTCTornado WatchSGF
19:29 UTC20:17 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningSGF
19:43 UTC20:18 UTCTornado WarningSGF
20:55 UTC21:08 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningSGF
21:43 UTC22:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningSGF

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a High Risk, with a 0.30 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 16:23 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Little Rock, AR (KLZK), 12:00Z

7.9 hours before the tornado, 226 km from the path. May 25, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Little Rock, AR at 12:00Z on 2011-05-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2124 joules per kilogram, CIN -14, lifted condensation level 600 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Little Rock, AR at 12:00Z on 2011-05-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 445 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 69 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2124 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-14 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1926 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
600 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
69 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
49 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
445 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
413 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
6.0
Supercell composite
20.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Little Rock, AR (KLZK), 00:00Z

4.1 hours after it, 226 km from the path. May 26, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Little Rock, AR at 00:00Z on 2011-05-26Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2 joules per kilogram, CIN -10, lifted condensation level 2470 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Little Rock, AR at 00:00Z on 2011-05-26The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 65 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 64 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-10 J/kg
Surface CAPE
167 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2470 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
64 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
65 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
163 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
8.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Walnut Ridge (Awos) (ARG), 57 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
18:15 UTC82.469.8190° 26 kt321001.7
18:35 UTC82.469.8190° 26 kt351001
18:55 UTC84.269.8190° 24 kt331001
19:15 UTC84.271.6180° 20 kt281001
19:35 UTC82.469.8180° 19 kt271000.7
19:55 UTC84.269.8190° 21 kt291000
20:15 UTC84.269.8190° 24 kt33999
20:35 UTC84.269.8190° 25 kt34998.6
20:55 UTC82.469.8180° 19 kt25998
21:15 UTC80.669.8180° 22 kt35997TS
21:35 UTC78.869.8190° 13 kt998.3TS

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Memphis radar (KNQA), 184 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 19:54 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
19:50 UTCHAIL 1West PlainsHowell, MO
19:56 UTCTORNADO3 N MyrtleOregon, MOA NWS SURVEY TEAM DETERMINED THAT AN EF-1 TORNADO WITH WINDS OF 90 TO 100 MPH OCCURRED IN SOUTHERN OREGON COUNTY ON WEDNESDAY. THE TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN ABOUT 3 MILES NORTH OF MYRTLE ABOUT 256 PM AND STAYED ON THE GROUND
20:00 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 N MyrtleOregon, MOTREES AND POWER LINES DOWN ALONG COUNTY ROAD 244
20:00 UTCHAIL 1.75CouchOregon, MO
20:05 UTCHAIL 1GatewoodRipley, MOQUARTER SIZE HAIL REPORTED.
20:05 UTCTSTM WND DMG11 Ese AltonOregon, MOTREES DOWN ALONG COUNTY ROAD 225 JUST SOUTH OF COUNTY ROAD 305.
20:21 UTCFUNNEL CLOUDFreemontCarter, MO
20:22 UTCFUNNEL CLOUDFreemontCarter, MOFUNNEL CLOUD REPORTED NEAR THE COMMUNITY.
20:25 UTCHAIL 1West PlainsHowell, MO
20:27 UTCHAIL 0.88West PlainsHowell, MO
20:28 UTCHAIL 0.751 Se West PlainsHowell, MO
20:28 UTCHAIL 0.882 Ese West PlainsHowell, MO
20:49 UTCFUNNEL CLOUD2 S EllsinoreCarter, MOALONG K HIGHWAY.
20:50 UTCTORNADOGrandinCarter, MO2 MOBILE HOMES DESTROYED.
20:51 UTCHAIL 0.75EllsinoreCarter, MO
20:56 UTCTORNADO1 S EllsinoreCarter, MOREPORTED JUST SOUTH OF TOWN.
20:56 UTCTORNADO2 W EllsinoreCarter, MO...UPDATE...3 MILE DEBRIS FIELD 2 TO 5 MILES WEST OF TOWN. TWO PEOPLE TRAPPED IN SEMI BETWEEN TWO TREES. ALL CELL PHONE SERVICE IS OUT. THIS DAMAGE OCCURRED FROM THE FIRST TORNADO NEAR THE COMMUNITY.
20:56 UTCTORNADOEllsinoreCarter, MOTORNADO DAMAGE REPORTED BY STATE POLICE. TREES AND DEBRIS BLOCKING HWY 60. 1 HOME DESTROYED. POWER LINES DOWN. LAW ENFORCEMENT AND FIRE/RESCUE RESPONDING.
20:56 UTCTORNADOGrandinCarter, MOTREES DOWN AND COMMUNITY IS WITHOUT POWER. STRUCTURAL DAMAGE REPORTED TO INCLUDE A CHURCH.
20:57 UTCHAIL 0.75EllsinoreCarter, MODIME SIZE HAIL REPORTED AT INTERSECTION OF HWY 21 AND HWY 60.
21:00 UTCTORNADOEllsinoreCarter, MOTORNADO ALONG HWY 21 AND HWY 60 BETWEEN ELLSINORE AND VAN BUREN.
21:01 UTCTORNADOEllsinoreCarter, MOTORNADO IS SUCKING UP TREES INTO THE FUNNEL ALONG HIGHWAY 60.
21:15 UTCHAIL 1Birch TreeShannon, MO
21:19 UTCTSTM WND GST 50Birch TreeShannon, MOBLOWING LAWN FURNITURE ACROSS YARD
21:23 UTCTSTM WND DMGBirch TreeShannon, MOSEVERAL TREES DOWN ON HWY 60
21:42 UTCHAIL 1.754 S DoniphanRipley, MOGOLF BALL SIZE HAIL REPORTED SOUTH OF DONIPHAN.
21:44 UTCTORNADO3 W HunterCarter, MOAN EF0 TORNADO DOWNED A FEW TREES AND TREE LIMBS ALONG HIGHWAY E NEAR THE CURRENT RIVER.
21:58 UTCTORNADOOxlyRipley, MOBRIEF TOUCHDOWN.
22:01 UTCHAIL 1.251 W MyrtleOregon, MO
22:21 UTCTSTM WND DMGBirch TreeShannon, MOLARGE TREE FELL ON POLICE VEHICLE.
22:46 UTCFUNNEL CLOUDEllsinoreCarter, MOFUNNEL CLOUD REPORTED OVER THE TOWN.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2011 tornado in MissouriEvery tornado in Missouri since 1950Warnings in force in Missouri nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 25, 2011

93 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 251:30 AM CDTEF1Webster, MO9.3100$20,000
May 257:35 AM CDTEF1Macon, IL1.075$165,000
May 257:39 AM CDTEF1Macon, IL1.575$100,000
May 259:04 AM CDTEF1Kankakee, IL5.850$250,000
May 259:13 AM CDTEF0Newton, IN0.120$25,000
May 259:19 AM CDTEF2Newton, IN1.9300$50,000
May 259:24 AM CDTEF1Jasper, IN2.9100$500
May 259:26 AM CDTEF1Jasper, IN1.9100$50,000
May 2510:45 AM EDTEF0Pulaski, IN0.850
May 2510:45 AM CDTEF0Miami, KS0.140$5,000
May 2511:10 AM CDTEF0Johnson, KS0.760$10,000
May 2511:22 AM CDTEF0Johnson, KS0.140
May 2511:35 AM CDTEF0Cass, MO0.140
May 2511:38 AM CDTEF0Johnson, KS0.140
May 2512:22 PM CDTEF2Pettis, MO2.150020$4.0 million
May 2512:33 PM CDTEF0Clay, MO0.140
May 2512:45 PM CDTEF0Clay, MO0.140
May 2512:52 PM CDTEF0Pettis, MO0.140
May 251:04 PM CDTEF0Cooper, MO0.140
May 251:07 PM CDTEF0Lafayette, MO0.140
May 252:15 PM CDTEF1Montgomery, MO7.1100
May 253:26 PM EDTEF0Van Wert, OH0.140
May 253:49 PM CDTEF3Carter, MO47.41,2002$800,000
May 254:13 PM CDTEF1Jackson, AR5.5500$40,000
May 255:15 PM EDTEF1Decatur, IN0.8600$500,000
May 255:20 PM EDTEF1Decatur, IN0.1400$250,000
May 254:35 PM CDTEF1Madison, MO5.540
May 254:37 PM CDTEF1Wayne, MO17.8150$70,000
May 254:44 PM CDTEF0Carter, MO0.550$2,000
May 254:45 PM CDTEF1Des Moines, IA4.8100$250,000
May 254:46 PM CDTEF1Madison, MO5.3440
May 254:47 PM CDTEF1Madison, MO4.3580
May 254:51 PM CDTEF0Perry, MO0.360$3,000
May 254:58 PM CDTEF0Ripley, MO0.750
May 256:00 PM EDTEF1Huron, OH8.050$250,000
May 255:00 PM CDTEF1Des Moines, IA3.650$50,000
May 255:14 PM CDTEF0Butler, MO0.740
May 256:14 PM EDTEF0Hardin, OH0.225
May 255:26 PM CDTEF1Bollinger, MO13.0250$30,000
May 256:06 PM CDTEF0McLean, IL0.925$8,000
May 256:09 PM CDTEF1McLean, IL10.375$10,000
May 257:10 PM EDTEF0Montgomery, OH0.125$5,000
May 256:18 PM CDTEF1Cape Girardeau, MO2.1250$20,000
May 256:18 PM CDTEF0St. Francis, AR1.1100
May 256:28 PM CDTEF2Jefferson, IL13.5250$4.0 million
May 256:30 PM CDTEF0Scott, MO0.450$1,000
May 257:30 PM EDTEF0Summit, OH4.250$200,000
May 256:39 PM CDTEF1Union, IL2.0125$150,000
May 256:40 PM CDTEF1Pulaski, IL5.5250$50,000
May 256:45 PM CDTEF1Pulaski, IL10.0120$40,000
May 256:48 PM CDTEF1Crittenden, AR2.5100$500,000
May 256:55 PM CDTEF2Pulaski, IL19.9325$255,000
May 256:58 PM CDTEF0Champaign, IL0.215$5,000
May 257:58 PM EDTEF3Lawrence, IN6.8300$150,000
May 255:08 PM PDTEF1Glenn, CA21.6120$200,000
May 255:12 PM PDTEF1Glenn, CA26.4120$150,000
May 257:18 PM CDTEF1Clay, IL1.075$510,000
May 257:35 PM CDTEF0Richland, IL0.210
May 257:57 PM CDTEF2Crawford, IL5.5200$920,000
May 257:58 PM CDTEF0Union Parish, LA5.5150

All 94 of them

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.