Tornadoes · United States · Illinois · 2011

EF1 tornado, Heyworth to Merna, Illinois, May 25, 2011

From Heyworth to Merna, this EF1 tornado ran 10.3 miles across McLean County on May 25, 2011, touching down at 6:09 PM CDT and reaching 75 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $10,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
May 25, 2011
Touchdown
6:09 PM CDT (23:09 UTC)
Lifted
6:20 PM CDT (23:20 UTC)
On the ground
11 minutes
Path length
10.3 miles (16.6 km)
Path width
75 yards (69 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$10,000
County
McLean County
Touchdown point
40.360, -88.821
Lift-off point
40.509, -88.807
Record number
1105251709-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A deep area of low pressure lifting from the Plains into the Upper Midwest pulled a strong cold front eastward toward the Mississippi River during the afternoon of May 25th. Severe thunderstorms developed ahead of the cold front, as well as along a warm front lifting northward through the area. Many of the storms produced large hail up to the size of golf balls and damaging winds in excess of 60 mph. In addition, 6 tornadoes touched down across central Illinois, including an EF2 tornado that caused significant damage south of Robinson in Crawford County.

A tornado formed about 4 miles east of Heyworth. The tornado damaged a grain bin and then tracked into an open field before dissipating.

A tornado formed about 2 miles southeast of Downs. It crossed Interstate 74 and overturned a semi-truck. The tornado continued tracking to the north-northeast through open fields until it dissipated.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

18 minutes of warning. NWS ILX issued a tornado warning for this county at 22:51 UTC, 18 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 23:15 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 21:37 UTC and running to 01:41 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
10:51 UTC14:39 UTCTornado WatchILX
18:20 UTC04:17 UTCFlash Flood WatchILX
21:37 UTC01:41 UTCTornado WatchILX
22:42 UTC23:19 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningILX
22:45 UTC23:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningILX
22:51 UTC23:15 UTCTornado WarningILX
23:12 UTC23:52 UTCTornado WarningILX
23:15 UTC23:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningILX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk, with a 0.15 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 19:39 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Lincoln, IL (KILX), 12:00Z

11.2 hours before the tornado, 36 km from the path. May 25, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lincoln, IL at 12:00Z on 2011-05-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1832 joules per kilogram, CIN -18, lifted condensation level 561 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lincoln, IL at 12:00Z on 2011-05-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 253 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 40 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1832 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-18 J/kg
Surface CAPE
736 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
561 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
51 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
253 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
222 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.6
Supercell composite
10.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Bloomington/Norm (BMI), 10 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
21:56 UTC74.8463150° 8 kt1000.3
22:44 UTC73.464.4100° 7 kt999.7VCTS
22:56 UTC72.8665.8470° 9 kt999-TSRA
23:03 UTC71.666.240° 8 kt998.6-TSRA
23:23 UTC62.659220° 34 kt451002.7-TSRA FG
23:30 UTC5955.4240° 7 kt1001.7-TSRA FG
23:39 UTC60.857.2310° 10 kt1000-TSRA BR
23:56 UTC6158190° 3 kt1001-TSRA BR
00:56 UTC6159140° 7 kt1000-TSRA BR
01:00 UTC60.859130° 6 kt1000-TSRA BR

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Lincoln radar (KILX), 54 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:09 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:24 UTCHAIL 0.5Mount PulaskiLogan, IL
22:25 UTCTSTM WND DMGLincolnLogan, ILLARGE TREE LIMB BROKEN OFF...ONE FOOT IN DIAMETER...IN LINCOLN ON 5TH STREET. FROM TWO NWS EMPLOYEES.
22:28 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 E LincolnLogan, ILTREE TOPPED AT WFO LINCOLN
22:28 UTCTSTM WND GST 60ChestnutLogan, IL
22:52 UTCTSTM WND GST 601 W MortonTazewell, ILWIND GUST ESTIMATED NEAR LAMP ROAD
22:52 UTCTORNADO4 E HeyworthMclean, ILTORNADO MOVING NORTHEAST
23:06 UTCTORNADO4 E HeyworthMclean, ILTORNADO MOVING NORTHEAST
23:09 UTCTORNADO2 Se DownsMclean, ILSEMI BLOWN OVER AT I-74 MILE MARKER 145. FROM COUNTY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT STORM SUMMARY FOLLOWUP.
23:11 UTCTSTM WND DMGLe RoyMclean, ILTREE AND POWER POLES SNAPPED OFF
23:13 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Se DownsMclean, ILSEMI BLOWN OVER AT I-74 MILE MARKER 145
23:15 UTCTORNADOHolderMclean, ILTORNADO MOVING NORTHEAST
23:20 UTCTSTM WND GST 52BloomingtonMclean, ILMEASURED AT KBMI
23:22 UTCTORNADO1 S EllsworthMclean, ILTORNADO MOVING NORTHEAST
23:49 UTCHAIL 1.75SeymourChampaign, IL
23:50 UTCTORNADO4 Nw SeymourPiatt, ILPUBLIC REPORT OF TORNADO ON GROUND...FROM CHAMPAIGN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
23:53 UTCTORNADO1 N SeymourChampaign, ILLOCAL FIRE DEPARTMENT SPOTTERS SIGHTED TORNADO ON GROUND MOVING EAST NEAR INTERSTATE 72...FROM CHAMPAIGN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
23:58 UTCTORNADO3 Se MahometChampaign, ILTREE DAMAGE FROM TORNADO BRIEF TOUCHDOWN. FROM COUNTY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT STORM SUMMARY FOLLOWUP.
23:59 UTCTORNADO1 W ChampaignChampaign, ILSTATE POLICE SITED TORNADO ON WEST SIDE OF CHAMPAIGN
00:05 UTCHEAVY RAIN 0.9BloomingtonMclean, ILRAINFALL RECORDED IN ABOUT 15 MINUTES
00:07 UTCTSTM WND GST 62SavoyChampaign, ILWIND GUST REPORTED FROM CHAMPAIGN AIRPORT
00:10 UTCHAIL 0.51 Nw ChampaignChampaign, IL
00:18 UTCHEAVY RAIN 1.562 Nnw ChampaignChampaign, ILRAINFALL IN THE PAST 36 MINUTES

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2011 tornado in IllinoisEvery tornado in Illinois since 1950Warnings in force in Illinois nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 25, 2011

93 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 251:30 AM CDTEF1Webster, MO9.3100$20,000
May 257:35 AM CDTEF1Macon, IL1.075$165,000
May 257:39 AM CDTEF1Macon, IL1.575$100,000
May 259:04 AM CDTEF1Kankakee, IL5.850$250,000
May 259:13 AM CDTEF0Newton, IN0.120$25,000
May 259:19 AM CDTEF2Newton, IN1.9300$50,000
May 259:24 AM CDTEF1Jasper, IN2.9100$500
May 259:26 AM CDTEF1Jasper, IN1.9100$50,000
May 2510:45 AM EDTEF0Pulaski, IN0.850
May 2510:45 AM CDTEF0Miami, KS0.140$5,000
May 2511:10 AM CDTEF0Johnson, KS0.760$10,000
May 2511:22 AM CDTEF0Johnson, KS0.140
May 2511:35 AM CDTEF0Cass, MO0.140
May 2511:38 AM CDTEF0Johnson, KS0.140
May 2512:22 PM CDTEF2Pettis, MO2.150020$4.0 million
May 2512:33 PM CDTEF0Clay, MO0.140
May 2512:45 PM CDTEF0Clay, MO0.140
May 2512:52 PM CDTEF0Pettis, MO0.140
May 251:04 PM CDTEF0Cooper, MO0.140
May 251:07 PM CDTEF0Lafayette, MO0.140
May 252:15 PM CDTEF1Montgomery, MO7.1100
May 253:26 PM EDTEF0Van Wert, OH0.140
May 252:56 PM CDTEF1Oregon, MO2.5100$20,000
May 253:49 PM CDTEF3Carter, MO47.41,2002$800,000
May 254:13 PM CDTEF1Jackson, AR5.5500$40,000
May 255:15 PM EDTEF1Decatur, IN0.8600$500,000
May 255:20 PM EDTEF1Decatur, IN0.1400$250,000
May 254:35 PM CDTEF1Madison, MO5.540
May 254:37 PM CDTEF1Wayne, MO17.8150$70,000
May 254:44 PM CDTEF0Carter, MO0.550$2,000
May 254:45 PM CDTEF1Des Moines, IA4.8100$250,000
May 254:46 PM CDTEF1Madison, MO5.3440
May 254:47 PM CDTEF1Madison, MO4.3580
May 254:51 PM CDTEF0Perry, MO0.360$3,000
May 254:58 PM CDTEF0Ripley, MO0.750
May 256:00 PM EDTEF1Huron, OH8.050$250,000
May 255:00 PM CDTEF1Des Moines, IA3.650$50,000
May 255:14 PM CDTEF0Butler, MO0.740
May 256:14 PM EDTEF0Hardin, OH0.225
May 255:26 PM CDTEF1Bollinger, MO13.0250$30,000
May 256:06 PM CDTEF0McLean, IL0.925$8,000
May 257:10 PM EDTEF0Montgomery, OH0.125$5,000
May 256:18 PM CDTEF1Cape Girardeau, MO2.1250$20,000
May 256:18 PM CDTEF0St. Francis, AR1.1100
May 256:28 PM CDTEF2Jefferson, IL13.5250$4.0 million
May 256:30 PM CDTEF0Scott, MO0.450$1,000
May 257:30 PM EDTEF0Summit, OH4.250$200,000
May 256:39 PM CDTEF1Union, IL2.0125$150,000
May 256:40 PM CDTEF1Pulaski, IL5.5250$50,000
May 256:45 PM CDTEF1Pulaski, IL10.0120$40,000
May 256:48 PM CDTEF1Crittenden, AR2.5100$500,000
May 256:55 PM CDTEF2Pulaski, IL19.9325$255,000
May 256:58 PM CDTEF0Champaign, IL0.215$5,000
May 257:58 PM EDTEF3Lawrence, IN6.8300$150,000
May 255:08 PM PDTEF1Glenn, CA21.6120$200,000
May 255:12 PM PDTEF1Glenn, CA26.4120$150,000
May 257:18 PM CDTEF1Clay, IL1.075$510,000
May 257:35 PM CDTEF0Richland, IL0.210
May 257:57 PM CDTEF2Crawford, IL5.5200$920,000
May 257:58 PM CDTEF0Union Parish, LA5.5150

All 94 of them

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.