Tornadoes · United States · Alabama · 2008

EF1 tornado, Marigold to Dilworth, Alabama, May 10, 2008

From Marigold to Dilworth, this EF1 tornado ran 9.3 miles across Walker County on May 10, 2008, touching down at 12:27 AM CDT and reaching 400 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $20,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
May 10, 2008
Touchdown
12:27 AM CDT (05:27 UTC)
Lifted
12:39 AM CDT (05:39 UTC)
On the ground
12 minutes
Path length
9.3 miles (14.9 km)
Path width
400 yards (366 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$20,000
County
Walker County
Touchdown point
33.943, -87.247
Lift-off point
33.902, -87.093
Record number
0805102327-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A strengthening low pressure system, and associated cold front, caused numerous severe thunderstorms and several tornadoes across Central Alabama.

The tornado touched down near the intersection of Birdfarm Road and Snow Lake Road, and then moved southeast, crossing SR-257 and SR-69, before lifting near the Cullman County line. The tornado affected areas near the Sunlight Community, the Burrows Crossroads Community, and the Powellville Community. Numerous trees were either snapped off or uprooted along the path. Several structures suffered varying degrees of damage.

The tornado touched down east of CR-77 near the intersection of Gravlee Junction Road and CR-15. The tornado then tracked northeast and entered Cullman County near the intersection of CR-17 and CR-19. The tornado appeared to have caused only minor tree damage in Walker County.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

1 minute of warning. NWS BMX issued a tornado warning for this county at 05:26 UTC, 1 minute before the tornado touched down, in force until 05:57 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 00:08 UTC and running to 07:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
00:08 UTC07:00 UTCTornado WatchBMX
03:55 UTC05:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMX
04:54 UTC05:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMX
04:58 UTC05:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMX
05:01 UTC08:00 UTCFlood AdvisoryBMX
05:21 UTC06:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMX
05:26 UTC05:57 UTCTornado WarningBMX
05:38 UTC06:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMX
05:51 UTC06:04 UTCTornado WarningBMX
05:59 UTC06:28 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMX
06:29 UTC07:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMX
06:37 UTC09:30 UTCFlood AdvisoryBMX
07:31 UTC09:27 UTCTornado WatchBMX
15:00 UTC00:00 UTCWind AdvisoryBMX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk, with a 0.15 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 00:56 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), 00:00Z

5.5 hours before the tornado, 90 km from the path. May 11, 2008.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2008-05-11Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2301 joules per kilogram, CIN -22, lifted condensation level 691 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2008-05-11The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 136 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 59 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2301 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-22 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2725 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
691 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
59 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
16 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
136 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
163 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.5
Supercell composite
5.5
0-3 km lapse rate
5.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), 12:00Z

6.5 hours after it, 90 km from the path. May 11, 2008.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2008-05-11Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -58639, lifted condensation level 1022 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2008-05-11The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -21 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 70 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-58639 J/kg
Surface CAPE
109 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1022 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
70 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
36 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-21 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
156 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.4
0-3 km lapse rate
4.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Cullman/Folsom_field_arpt (3A1), 48 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
03:40 UTC71.668120° 6 kt1006.4
04:00 UTC71.668150° 5 kt1006.4TS
04:20 UTC71.669.8170° 4 kt1007.1-RA
04:40 UTC69.868150° 4 kt1006.8-VCTSRA
05:00 UTC69.868130° 4 kt1005.8-TSRA
05:20 UTC69.868140° 5 kt1005.1-TSRA
06:01 UTC66.264.4260° 9 kt201008.1+TSRA
06:20 UTC64.462.670° 4 kt1006.4+TSRA
06:21 UTC64.462.60° 0 kt1006.4+RA
06:40 UTC64.462.6100° 4 kt1005.8VCTSRA
07:00 UTC64.462.60° 0 kt1005.4RA
07:20 UTC64.462.6130° 4 kt1004.7VCTSRA

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 91 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 05:25 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
04:45 UTCTORNADO 23 W ArkadelphiaCullman, ALPRELIMINARY STORM SURVEY FROM A NWS TEAM FOUND DAMAGE FROM AN EF2 TORNADO FROM ARKADELPHIA TO COLONY. IN FACT...SEVERAL DEBRIS PATHS WERE SEEN ACROSS SOUTHERN CULLMAN COUNTY. THE MOST SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE OCCURRED ALONG HI
04:50 UTCTSTM WND DMGDouble SpringsWinston, ALMINOR ROOF DAMAGE AT DOUBLE SPRINGS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL.
04:58 UTCTSTM WND GST 60Bear CreekMarion, ALHAM RADIO OPERATOR REPORTED 60 MPH WIND GUST NEAR BEAR CREEK.
05:06 UTCHAIL 0.755 N HaleyvilleWinston, ALDIME SIZE HAIL REPORTED 5 MILES NORTH OF HALEYVILLE ON FRANKLIN/WINSTON COUNTY LINE.
05:06 UTCHAIL 0.57 Ese Phil CampbellFranklin, ALDIME SIZE HAIL REPORTED 5 MILES NORTH OF HALEYVILLE.
05:06 UTCHAIL 0.58 Ese Phil CampbellWinston, ALDIME SIZE HAIL REPORTED 5 MILES NORTH OF HALEYVILLE.
05:20 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 S MoultonLawrence, ALLARGE TREE REPORTED DOWN ON COUNTY ROAD 170, 2 MILES OFF OF COUNTY ROAD 157.
05:30 UTCTSTM WND DMGCurryWalker, ALNUMEROUS TREES DOWN. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
05:30 UTCTORNADO 12 Nne Blackwater CreekWalker, ALNUMEROUS TREES WERE EITHER SNAPPED OFF OR UPROOTED ALONG THE PATH. SEVERAL STRUCTURES SUFFERED VARYING DEGREES OF DAMAGE. DAMAGE PATH BEGAN NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF BIRDFARM ROAD AND SNOW LAKE ROAD AND ENDED NEAR THE CUL
05:37 UTCTORNADO4 Nne SipseyWalker, ALTHE TORNADO APPEARED TO HAVE CAUSED ONLY ONLY MINOR TREE DAMAGE IN WALKER COUNTY. THIS STORM STREGTHENED AND PRODUCED SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE IN CULLMAN COUNTY. THE TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN EAST OF COUNTY ROAD 77 NEAR THE INTERSE
05:38 UTCTSTM WND DMGDouble SpringsWinston, ALSTRUCTURAL DAMAGE REPORTED IN DOUBLE SPRINGS.
05:40 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 W CullmanCullman, ALPOWER OUTAGES REPORTED WEST OF CULLMAN IN THE BETHEL COMMUNITY.
05:40 UTCHAIL 1BremenCullman, ALQUARTER SIZE HAIL REPORTED IN BREMEN
05:41 UTCTSTM WND DMGJasperWalker, ALTREE DOWN AND POWER OUTAGES AT 1911 BENNET ROAD IN JASPER.
05:41 UTCHAIL 0.755 Ene JasperWalker, ALDIME SIZE HAIL REPORTED IN BOLDO.
05:50 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Ene JasperWalker, ALTREES DOWN AND POWER OUTAGES IN BOLDO.
05:50 UTCHAIL 0.511 Ssw CullmanCullman, ALDIME SIZE HAIL REPORTED IN THE DODGE CITY COMMUNITY.
05:56 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 W EvaMorgan, ALPOWER OUTAGES REPORTED ALONG HIGHWAY 55...3 MILES WEST OF EVA.
06:01 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 S Good HopeCullman, ALTREES DOWN AND DAMAGED CARS AT INTERSTATE 65 EXIT 299.
06:05 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 N ColonyCullman, ALTREES DOWN ON INTERSTATE 65 AT MILE MARKER 295.
06:05 UTCTORNADO 24 E BremenCullman, ALPRELIMINARY STORM SURVEY FROM A NWS TEAM FOUND DAMAGE FROM AN EF2 TORNADO FROM ARKADELPHIA TO COLONY. IN FACT...SEVERAL DEBRIS PATHS WERE SEEN ACROSS SOUTHERN CULLMAN COUNTY. THE MOST SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE OCCURRED ALONG HI
06:36 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Sw HaydenBlount, ALTREE BLOCKING BOTH LANES AT MILE MARKER 9 ON HIGHWAY 160.
06:36 UTCFLOODOneontaBlount, ALONEONTA FIRE DEPARTMENT REPORTS SIGNIFICANT STREET FLOODING.
06:42 UTCFLASH FLOODAllgoodBlount, ALHAM OPERATOR REPORTED FLASH FLOODING 1 MILE WEST OF HIGHWAY 75 IN ALLGOOD.
06:53 UTCHAIL 0.25BerryFayette, ALPEA SIZE HAIL REPORTED IN BERRY.
07:03 UTCFLOODCenter PointJefferson, ALHAM RADIO REPORTS STREET FLOODING AT CENTER POINT ROAD AND 23RD AVENUE NE
07:10 UTCFLOODOneontaBlount, ALHAM RADIO REPORTS FLOODING IN DOWNTOWN ONEONTA AT THE DANIEL AND HOMETOWN SHOPPING CENTER.
07:54 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 N Natural BridgeWinston, ALTREES AND POWER LINES DOWN ON COUNTY ROAD 17 BETWEEN US 278 AND STATE HIGHWAY 13.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2008 tornado in AlabamaEvery tornado in Alabama since 1950Warnings in force in Alabama nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 10, 2008

36 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 101:28 PM CDTEF0Washington, AR0.150
May 105:03 PM CDTEF2Pittsburg, OK8.2200$500,000
May 105:15 PM CDTEF0Labette, KS0.350
May 105:19 PM CDTEF0McIntosh, OK0.150
May 105:19 PM CDTEF0Labette, KS1.060
May 105:19 PM CDTEF0Cherokee, KS2.0150$10,000
May 105:20 PM CDTEF4Picher–Neosho tornado, Oklahoma and Missouri75.51,76021350$61 million
May 105:21 PM CDTEF0Pittsburg, OK0.150
May 105:25 PM CDTEF0Pittsburg, OK0.575
May 105:25 PM CDTEF0Mayes, OK0.150
May 105:34 PM CDTEF0Latimer, OK5.5100
May 105:42 PM CDTEF2Pittsburg, OK19.05804$1.2 million
May 105:48 PM CDTEF1Ottawa, OK2.3200
May 106:05 PM CDTEF2Pushmataha, OK3.5100$75,000
May 106:08 PM CDTEF1Jasper, MO3.0440110$1.0 million
May 106:30 PM CDTEF1Pushmataha, OK1.5200
May 106:35 PM CDTEF1Pushmataha, OK0.5100
May 106:35 PM CDTEF1Benton, AR1.5100$100,000
May 106:58 PM CDTEF0Barry, MO3.8800
May 107:05 PM CDTEF0McCurtain, OK0.450
May 107:14 PM CDTEF1White, AR9.2350$25,000
May 107:42 PM CDTEF0White, AR0.08
May 107:47 PM CDTEF1Lonoke, AR2.7400
May 107:51 PM CDTEF0Franklin, AR0.150
May 107:55 PM CDTEF1Sevier, AR1.5100$250,000
May 107:57 PM CDTEF1Woodruff, AR10.2500$90,000
May 107:57 PM CDTEF3Arkansas, AR14.11,3209$75 million
May 108:26 PM CDTEF1Monroe, AR4.4700$25,000
May 109:04 PM CDTEF0Hempstead, AR1.050$5,000
May 109:32 PM CDTEF1Nevada, AR2.450
May 109:33 PM CDTEF1Quitman, MS0.330$25,000
May 1010:15 PM CDTEF1Tallahatchie, MS8.71002$185,000
May 1011:00 PM CDTEF1Lauderdale, AL1.6250$100,000
May 1011:18 PM CDTEF1Marion, AL25.5400$100,000
May 1011:59 PM CDTEF1Lauderdale, AL1.0250$5,000
May 1012:37 AM CDTEF2Walker, AL13.5330$155,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.