Alert archive / Alabama / Mesoscale Discussions in 2021

Mesoscale Discussion 296

March 28, 20216 counties in Alabama; 5 counties in Georgia; Bradley County, Tennessee

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at Mar 28, 2021, 4:56 AM CDT for 6 counties in Alabama; 5 counties in Georgia; Bradley County, Tennessee. It was in force for 94 min.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Mar 28, 2021, 4:56 AM CDT (09:56 UTC)
Expired
Mar 28, 2021, 6:30 AM CDT
In force
94 min
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Concerning
Tornado watch 65

Counties Blount County, AL, Cullman County, AL, DeKalb County, AL, Etowah County, AL, Marshall County, AL, Walker County, AL, Catoosa County, GA, Chattooga County, GA, Dade County, GA, Walker County, GA, Whitfield County, GA, Bradley County, TN

The radar

The Northeast Alabama radar (KHTX), 82 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 09:55 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The watches that followed

Watches SPC issued over any of the same counties within four hours of this discussion.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 00:00Z, 9.9 hours before the alert went out and 123 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2021-03-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 643 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2021-03-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 126 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
643 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-22 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1359 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
52 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
126 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
152 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.3
Supercell composite
3.7

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

497 
ACUS11 KWNS 280956
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 280956 
TNZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-281130-

Mesoscale Discussion 0296
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0456 AM CDT Sun Mar 28 2021

Areas affected...Parts of north central/northeastern Alabama into
adjacent portions of the southern Appalachians vicinity

Concerning...Tornado Watch 65...

Valid 280956Z - 281130Z

The severe weather threat for Tornado Watch 65 continues.

SUMMARY...A risk for locally severe wind gusts and perhaps an
isolated brief tornado may continue in stronger cells within a
squall line overspreading the region through 7-9 AM EDT.

DISCUSSION...Warmer mid-level air, associated with the subtropical
ridge, still appears to be confining stronger convection to northern
portions of Alabama northward, with the most vigorous storms on the
southern flank, aided by better boundary-layer instability across
northern Alabama.  North/northeast of Chattanooga, TN,
boundary-layer warming and moistening has been slower to occur that
suggested by NAM/Rapid Refresh forecast soundings, and the
convective line may spread into the lee of the southern Appalachians
by or shortly after daybreak, before substantive boundary-layer
moistening can occur there.

However, the squall line has become closely aligned with a belt of
seasonably strong southwesterly deep-layer ambient mean flow in
excess of 60 kts, including 50-60 around 850 mb.  Associated
momentum and low-level shear probably will continue to support a
risk for locally severe wind gusts, and/or perhaps a brief tornado,
as the line progresses across the remainder of northern Alabama into
portions of adjacent northwest Georgia and southeastern Tennessee 
through 12-13z.

..Kerr.. 03/28/2021

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

ATTN...WFO...MRX...FFC...BMX...HUN...

LAT...LON   33898758 34568636 35448451 34938470 34098561 33538702
            33588772 33898758

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Mar 27, 10:45 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCColbert, Franklin, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone, Madison and 3 more90 min
Mar 27, 11:27 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCBlount, Colbert, Cullman, DeKalb, Fayette, Franklin and 11 more8 hr
Mar 28, 1:25 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCJackson2 hr
Mar 28, 1:57 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBlount, Colbert, Cullman, DeKalb, Etowah, Fayette and 11 more93 min
Mar 28, 5:10 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCBibb, Blount, Calhoun, Cherokee, Clay, Cleburne and 12 more5 hr
Mar 28, 7:29 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCCalhoun, Cleburne, Talladega91 min
Mar 28, 9:14 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Chambers, Chilton, Clay, Coosa, Dallas and 6 more61 min
Mar 28, 11:38 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaldwin, Bibb, Bleckley, Burke, Butts, Columbia and 34 more3 hr
Mar 28, 4:51 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAppling, Atkinson, Bacon, Baker, Ben Hill, Berrien and 46 more54 min
Mar 27, 8:42 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChester, Fayette, Hardeman, Hardin, McNairy, Shelby93 min
Mar 27, 9:01 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCChester, Crockett, Decatur, Fayette, Hardeman, Hardin and 9 more7 hr
Mar 28, 2:07 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCAnderson, Bledsoe, Blount, Bradley, Cumberland, Hamilton and 14 more6 hr

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Alabama, 2021Mesoscale Discussions in Georgia, 2021Mesoscale Discussions in Tennessee, 2021Every mesoscale discussion in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.