Alert archive / Oklahoma / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2017
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 433, NWS Norman, OK
NWS Norman, OK issued this severe thunderstorm warning at May 19, 2017, 10:12 PM CDT for 5 counties in Oklahoma. It was in force for 48 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued.
The facts
- Issued
- May 19, 2017, 10:12 PM CDT (03:12 UTC)
- Expired
- May 19, 2017, 11:00 PM CDT
- In force
- 48 min
- Issued by
- NWS Norman, OK
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Hail
- 1.5 in
- Wind
- 60.0 mph
Counties Carter County, OK, Garvin County, OK, Jefferson County, OK, Murray County, OK, Stephens County, OK
The radar
The Altus AFB radar (KFDR), 120 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 03:12 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
Did it verify
Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The watch it was issued in
The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.
| Issued | Product | Office | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 19, 3:26 PM CDT | Tornado Watch | SPC | 11 hr |
The nearest sounding before it
Fort Worth, TX (KFWD), launched 00:00Z, 3.2 hours before the alert went out and 146 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1629 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -57 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1516 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 39 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 189 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 338 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 1.1
- Supercell composite
- 20.6
The text
As transmitted.
097
WUUS54 KOUN 200312
SVROUN
OKC019-049-067-099-137-200400-
/O.NEW.KOUN.SV.W.0433.170520T0312Z-170520T0400Z/
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Severe Thunderstorm Warning
National Weather Service Norman OK
1012 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
The National Weather Service in Norman has issued a
* Severe Thunderstorm Warning for...
Eastern Jefferson County in southern Oklahoma...
Southwestern Garvin County in southern Oklahoma...
Southeastern Stephens County in southern Oklahoma...
Western Carter County in southern Oklahoma...
Western Murray County in southern Oklahoma...
* Until 1100 PM CDT
* At 1011 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm was located 8 miles northwest
of Oscar, moving northeast at 50 mph.
HAZARD...Ping pong ball size hail and 60 mph wind gusts.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...People and animals outdoors will be injured. Expect hail
damage to roofs, siding, windows, and vehicles. Expect
wind damage to roofs, siding, and trees.
* Locations impacted include...
Healdton, Wilson, Ringling, Velma, Tatums, Loco, Ratliff City,
Graham, Pooleville, Grady, Milo, Oscar, Cornish and Fox.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
A tornado watch remains in effect for the warned area. Tornadoes can
develop quickly from severe thunderstorms.
For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.
Large hail and damaging winds and continuous cloud to ground
lightning is occurring with this storm. Move indoors immediately.
Lightning is one of nature's leading killers. Remember, if you can
hear thunder, you are close enough to be struck by lightning.
Torrential rainfall is occurring with this storm, and may lead to
flash flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded roadways.
&&
LAT...LON 3404 9785 3407 9791 3414 9794 3457 9766
3453 9742 3433 9724 3399 9766 3399 9768
3398 9770 3395 9771 3394 9774 3394 9776
3392 9776
TIME...MOT...LOC 0311Z 217DEG 42KT 3409 9781
HAIL...1.50IN
WIND...60MPH
$$
KURTZ1 follow-up statement
140
WWUS54 KOUN 200320
SVSOUN
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Norman OK
1020 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
OKC019-049-067-099-137-200400-
/O.CON.KOUN.SV.W.0433.000000T0000Z-170520T0400Z/
Jefferson OK-Garvin OK-Stephens OK-Carter OK-Murray OK-
1020 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1100 PM CDT
FOR NORTHEASTERN JEFFERSON...SOUTHWESTERN GARVIN...SOUTHEASTERN
STEPHENS...WESTERN CARTER AND WESTERN MURRAY COUNTIES...
At 1020 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm was located 6 miles west of
Ringling, moving northeast at 45 mph.
HAZARD...Two inch hail and 60 mph wind gusts.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...People and animals outdoors will be injured. Expect hail
damage to roofs, siding, windows, and vehicles. Expect wind
damage to roofs, siding, and trees.
Locations impacted include...
Healdton, Wilson, Ringling, Velma, Tatums, Loco, Ratliff City,
Graham, Pooleville, Grady, Milo, Cornish and Fox.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
A tornado watch remains in effect for the warned area. Tornadoes can
develop quickly from severe thunderstorms.
For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.
Continuous cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Move indoors immediately. Lightning is one of nature's leading
killers. Remember, if you can hear thunder, you are close enough to
be struck by lightning.
Torrential rainfall is occurring with this storm, and may lead to
flash flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded roadways.
&&
LAT...LON 3411 9776 3416 9785 3426 9786 3457 9766
3453 9742 3433 9724 3399 9766 3399 9768
3398 9770 3405 9777
TIME...MOT...LOC 0320Z 221DEG 38KT 3415 9771
HAIL...2.00IN
WIND...60MPH
$$
KURTZWhat forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Norman, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at May 19, 6:54 PM CDT, 3 hours 18 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, May 19, 6:54 PM CDT, 3 hours 18 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Norman OK
654 PM CDT Fri May 19 2017
.AVIATION...
Strong to severe thunderstorms will continue across
western north Texas and southern Oklahoma through
at least the evening hours. Thunderstorms will mainly
impact LAW and SPS with IFR conditions possible in and
around thunderstorms.
A cold front over western Oklahoma will bring a wind shift to all
TAF sites by 6Z. Mainly VFR conditions are expected after 6-9Z at
all sites.
&&
.PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 319 PM CDT Fri May 19 2017/
DISCUSSION...
Strong to severe thunderstorms continue to develop across mainly
western north Texas this afternoon. Other widely scattered
showers and a few storms are developing mainly north of a cold
front in northwest Oklahoma. Anvil debris and other light
showers are keeping parts of central and southern Oklahoma
relatively cool this afternoon.
Part of an outflow boundary that pushed well into north Texas has
been lifting slowly northward this afternoon. This boundary may
lift slowly into far southern Oklahoma later this afternoon,
however, western north Texas convection may keep this boundary
just south of the Red River.
Overall the risk of strong to severe storms will continue into
the evening, perhaps overnight, before a cold front sweeps across
southern Oklahoma by early Saturday morning.
Will continue the current Flood Watch through early Saturday
morning. It does appear that western north Texas and southern
Oklahoma will have the best opportunity for widespread showers
and thunderstorms through late this evening/early Saturday
morning.
Overall most of the weekend will be dry with below average
temperatures.
Another trough will approach the southern Plains around Monday of
next week. This will bring another opportunity for showers and
thunderstorms, especially across southern Oklahoma and western
north Texas.
&&
.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
Oklahoma City OK 55 70 49 76 / 60 10 0 0
Hobart OK 51 72 48 78 / 40 0 0 0
Wichita Falls TX 57 74 51 81 / 80 10 0 0
Gage OK 46 67 46 77 / 20 0 0 10
Ponca City OK 53 67 45 75 / 50 10 0 0
Durant OK 65 75 53 80 / 90 50 10 0
&&
.OUN WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
OK...Flood Watch through Saturday morning for OKZ006>008-011>013-
017>020-023>032-037>048-050>052.
TX...Flood Watch through Saturday morning for TXZ085-086-088>090.
&&Hazardous weather outlook, May 19, 9:10 PM CDT, 1 hour 2 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Norman OK 910 PM CDT Fri May 19 2017 OKZ004>048-050>052-TXZ083>090-201100- Harper-Woods-Alfalfa-Grant-Kay-Ellis-Woodward-Major-Garfield- Noble-Roger Mills-Dewey-Custer-Blaine-Kingfisher-Logan-Payne- Beckham-Washita-Caddo-Canadian-Oklahoma-Lincoln-Grady-McClain- Cleveland-Pottawatomie-Seminole-Hughes-Harmon-Greer-Kiowa-Jackson- Tillman-Comanche-Stephens-Garvin-Murray-Pontotoc-Coal-Cotton- Jefferson-Carter-Johnston-Atoka-Love-Marshall-Bryan-Hardeman- Foard-Wilbarger-Wichita-Knox-Baylor-Archer-Clay- 910 PM CDT Fri May 19 2017 This hazardous weather outlook is for portions of northern... western...central...and southern Oklahoma...and western north Texas. .DAY ONE...Through tonight... .THUNDERSTORMS... There is a slight risk of severe thunderstorms through early Saturday morning. LOCATION... The slight risk area is generally along and southeast of a line from Shawnee to Duncan and Wichita Falls. TIMING... Through 2 am Saturday. IMPACTS... Hail up to the size of golf balls, winds to 80 mph will be possible with the strongest storms, with the highest chances in the slight risk area. A few tornadoes are possible across southeast Oklahoma. Very heavy rainfall will also result in flash flooding across south central and southeast Oklahoma. DISCUSSION... Numerous showers and thunderstorms will continue to move across south central and southeast Oklahoma and part of western north Texas through early Saturday morning. A cold front will move across the area overnight, ending the risk of severe thunderstorms. .SPOTTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT STATEMENT... Storm spotter groups and emergency management personnel should be available for severe weather operations. .Flooding... Widespread heavy rainfall will be possible through tonight, especially across south central and southeast Oklahoma. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday... .THUNDERSTORMS... Isolated thunderstorms will be possible in southeastern Oklahoma Saturday morning before moving out of the area. There will be chances of thunderstorms again Sunday night through Tuesday. Get graphics and more details at weather.gov/norman...and follow our weather forecast office on Twitter and Facebook.
In the hours before
Local storm report, May 19, 9:34 PM CDT, 38 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
934 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0930 PM FLASH FLOOD HICKORY 34.56N 96.86W
05/19/2017 MURRAY OK BROADCAST MEDIA
FLOOD WATERS OVER HIGHWAY 1.
&&
TLINDLEYLocal storm report, May 19, 9:38 PM CDT, 34 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
938 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0932 PM TORNADO 2 NW TISHOMINGO 34.26N 96.70W
05/19/2017 JOHNSTON OK BROADCAST MEDIA
&&
MADLocal storm report, May 19, 9:47 PM CDT, 25 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
947 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0942 PM FLASH FLOOD 4 SE LITTLE 35.30N 96.62W
05/19/2017 SEMINOLE OK EMERGENCY MNGR
COUNTY ROAD EW1180 WASHED OUT AT 1/4 MILE
EAST OF NS 3590.
&&
MADLocal storm report, May 19, 9:51 PM CDT, 21 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
951 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0944 PM TORNADO 5 E REAGAN 34.36N 96.64W
05/19/2017 JOHNSTON OK EMERGENCY MNGR
&&
MADSpecial weather statement, May 19, 9:57 PM CDT, 15 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Norman OK
957 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
OKZ039-045-046-TXZ090-200330-
Stephens OK-Carter OK-Jefferson OK-Clay TX-
957 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR south central Stephens...
southwestern Carter...Jefferson and northeastern Clay Counties Until
1030 PM CDT...
AT 955 PM CDT, a strong thunderstorm was located near Ryan, moving
northeast at 50 MPH.
HAZARDS INCLUDE...
Hail up to the size of nickels...
Wind gusts to 50 MPH...
Minor flooding in areas of poor drainage...
Frequent cloud to ground lightning...
Locations impacted include...
Waurika, Ringling, Ryan, Terral, Loco, Addington, Sugden, Oscar and
Cornish.
LAT...LON 3387 9791 3396 9805 3402 9808 3439 9790
3432 9766 3417 9749
TIME...MOT...LOC 0255Z 216DEG 44KT 3399 9797
KURTZLocal storm report, May 19, 10:09 PM CDT, 3 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
1009 PM CDT FRI MAY 19 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
1009 PM FLASH FLOOD REAGAN 34.35N 96.72W
05/19/2017 JOHNSTON OK EMERGENCY MNGR
ROADS FLOODED JUST SOUTH OF REAGAN.
&&
MADThe office that day
Everything else NWS Norman, OK issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 19, 7:10 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Carter, Murray | 50 min |
| May 19, 7:11 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Coal, Hughes, Lincoln, Pontotoc, Pottawatomie, Seminole | 64 min |
| May 19, 7:23 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Carter, Murray | 37 min |
| May 19, 7:38 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Garvin, Murray | 4 hr |
| May 19, 7:49 PM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Pottawatomie, Seminole | 22 hr |
| May 19, 7:51 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Jefferson, Stephens | 39 min |
| May 19, 7:54 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Garvin, Pontotoc | 3 hr |
| May 19, 7:54 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Johnston, Murray | 36 min |
| May 19, 8:03 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Garvin, Murray, Pontotoc | 27 min |
| May 19, 8:08 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Hughes, Pontotoc, Pottawatomie, Seminole | 3 hr |
| May 19, 8:10 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Coal, Hughes, Pontotoc, Seminole | 80 min |
| May 19, 8:13 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Carter, Johnston, Murray | 32 min |
| May 19, 8:28 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Carter, Garvin, Johnston, Murray, Pontotoc | 47 min |
| May 19, 8:38 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Cotton, Jefferson, Stephens | 3 hr |
| May 19, 8:42 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Coal, Johnston, Pontotoc | 48 min |
| May 19, 8:44 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Atoka, Carter, Coal, Hughes, Johnston, Murray and 2 more | 6 hr |
| May 19, 8:48 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Johnston | 27 min |
| May 19, 9:09 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Carter, Johnston, Marshall, Murray, Pontotoc | 51 min |
| May 19, 9:10 PM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Cotton | 35 hr |
| May 19, 9:10 PM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Jefferson | 29 hr |
| May 19, 9:20 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Coal, Hughes, Pontotoc, Seminole | 85 min |
| May 19, 9:24 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Johnston, Marshall | 3 hr |
| May 19, 9:25 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Atoka, Coal, Johnston, Marshall, Pontotoc | 80 min |
| May 19, 9:28 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Johnston | 32 min |
| May 19, 9:43 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Garvin, Stephens | 3 hr |
| May 19, 9:43 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Cotton | 3 hr |
| May 19, 9:44 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Carter, Johnston, Marshall, Murray, Pontotoc | 61 min |
| May 19, 9:57 PM CDT | Special Weather Statement | OUN | Jefferson | 33 min |
| May 19, 9:58 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Coal, Johnston, Pontotoc | 32 min |
| May 19, 10:17 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Carter, Jefferson | 28 min |
| May 19, 10:22 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Coal | 38 min |
| May 19, 10:34 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Bryan, Johnston, Marshall | 116 min |
| May 19, 10:34 PM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Comanche, Cotton | 11 hr |
| May 19, 10:39 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Atoka, Coal, Hughes, Johnston, Marshall, Pontotoc | 96 min |
| May 19, 10:39 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Carter | 14 min |
| May 19, 10:51 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Johnston, Murray | 3 hr |
| May 19, 10:55 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Garvin, Murray, Pontotoc | 35 min |
| May 19, 10:56 PM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Hughes, Seminole | 58 hr |
| May 19, 10:58 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Murray, Pontotoc | 20 min |
| May 19, 11:04 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Garvin, Pontotoc | 3 hr |
| May 19, 11:13 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Hughes, Pontotoc, Pottawatomie, Seminole | 3 hr |
| May 19, 11:25 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Atoka, Coal | 35 min |
| May 19, 11:28 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Garvin, Murray | 3 hr |
| May 19, 11:29 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Johnston, Murray, Pontotoc | 34 min |
| May 19, 11:29 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Coal, Johnston, Pontotoc | 15 min |
| May 19, 11:42 PM CDT | Areal Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Comanche, Cotton, Jefferson, Stephens | 6 hr |
| May 19, 11:49 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Bryan, Marshall | 26 min |
| May 20, 12:08 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Atoka, Bryan, Coal, Johnston, Marshall | 82 min |
| May 20, 12:23 AM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Bryan | 37 min |
| May 20, 12:29 AM CDT | Areal Flood Warning | OUN | Garvin, Stephens | 5 hr |
| May 20, 12:29 AM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Bryan, Carter, Johnston, Marshall | 3 hr |
| May 20, 12:53 AM CDT | Tornado Warning | OUN | Atoka, Bryan | 12 min |
| May 20, 1:20 AM CDT | Areal Flood Advisory | OUN | Atoka, Bryan, Coal, Johnston | 3 hr |
| May 20, 1:28 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OUN | Atoka, Bryan | 51 min |
| May 20, 1:42 AM CDT | Areal Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Garvin, Hughes, Murray, Pontotoc, Pottawatomie and 1 more | 4 hr |
| May 20, 1:50 AM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OUN | Atoka, Bryan, Coal, Johnston | 3 hr |
| May 20, 2:11 AM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Garvin, Murray | 18 hr |
| May 20, 2:40 AM CDT | Areal Flood Warning | OUN | Atoka, Bryan, Coal, Hughes, Johnston, Marshall and 2 more | 3 hr |
| May 20, 4:42 AM CDT | Areal Flood Warning | OUN | Atoka, Bryan, Coal, Johnston | 3 hr |
| May 20, 5:40 AM CDT | Areal Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Comanche, Cotton, Garvin, Jefferson, Murray and 1 more | 9 hr |
| May 20, 5:43 AM CDT | Areal Flood Warning | OUN | Coal, Hughes, Johnston, Marshall, Pontotoc, Pottawatomie and 1 more | 9 hr |
| May 20, 7:57 AM CDT | Areal Flood Warning | OUN | Atoka, Bryan | 7 hr |
| May 20, 8:58 AM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Carter, Johnston, Murray | 35 hr |
| May 20, 10:00 AM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Bryan | 29 hr |
| May 20, 10:02 AM CDT | River Flood Warning | OUN | Atoka | 5 days |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Oklahoma, 2017Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2017
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.