Alert archive / North Carolina / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2017
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 175, NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jul 13, 2017, 5:20 PM EDT for Caldwell County, North Carolina. It was in force for 40 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued.
The facts
- Issued
- Jul 13, 2017, 5:20 PM EDT (21:20 UTC)
- Expired
- Jul 13, 2017, 6:00 PM EDT
- In force
- 40 min
- Issued by
- NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Hail
- 1.0 in
- Wind
- 60.0 mph
County Caldwell County, NC
The radar
The Greer radar (KGSP), 142 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:20 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
Did it verify
Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The nearest sounding before it
Greensboro/Hi Pt, NC (KGSO), launched 12:00Z, 9.3 hours before the alert went out and 151 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 720 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -64 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 988 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 5 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- -37 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 31 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted.
277
WUUS52 KGSP 132120
SVRGSP
NCC027-132200-
/O.NEW.KGSP.SV.W.0175.170713T2120Z-170713T2200Z/
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Severe Thunderstorm Warning
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
520 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
The National Weather Service in Greenville-Spartanburg has issued a
* Severe Thunderstorm Warning for...
Caldwell County in western North Carolina...
* Until 600 PM EDT
* At 520 PM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located 7 miles northwest
of Lenoir, or 7 miles north of Gamewell, moving east at 20 mph.
HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts and quarter size hail.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Minor hail damage to vehicles is expected. Expect wind
damage to trees and power lines.
* Locations impacted include...
Lenoir, Gamewell, Hudson, Blowing Rock In Caldwell County, Cedar
Rock, Edgemont, Globe, Collettsville, Patterson and Upton.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Brief damaging winds will blow down trees and power lines over small
areas. A brief period of large hail is also possible. Seek shelter
inside an interior room.
Please report damaging winds, hail, or flooding to the National
Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg by calling toll free, 1, 800,
2 6 7, 8 1 0 1, or by posting on our Facebook page, or Tweet it using
hashtag nwsgsp. Your message should describe the event and the
specific location where it occurred.
&&
LAT...LON 3612 8155 3610 8152 3610 8150 3609 8147
3609 8145 3607 8144 3608 8142 3607 8140
3583 8141 3588 8171 3596 8180 3601 8177
3607 8174 3607 8175 3612 8173
TIME...MOT...LOC 2120Z 276DEG 17KT 3597 8164
HAIL...1.00IN
WIND...60MPH
$$
MOOREWhat forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jul 13, 4:46 PM EDT, 34 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Jul 13, 4:46 PM EDT, 34 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
446 PM EDT Thu Jul 13 2017
.SYNOPSIS...
Hot and humid conditions will persist into the weekend, with
scattered to numerous afternoon and evening thunderstorms each
day. A cold front will move into the region from the northwest
on Saturday and stall in or near the area through Sunday.
Another cold front will approach on Monday and move southeast
of the area on Tuesday, with drier conditions arriving by the
middle of next week.
&&
.NEAR TERM /THROUGH FRIDAY/...
As of 445 PM EDT: Made some minor tweaks to the PoPs and T/Td trends
for the next few hours to line up with latest obs/sat/radar. Like
yesterday, convection is generally remaining sub-severe. But gusty
winds, frequent cg-lightning, and locally heavy rain threats exist.
Temps are running a deg or two warmer than yesterday in most spots,
also resulting in heat index values in the 95 to 100 deg range late
this afternoon.
As of 200 PM EDT Thursday: Upper ridge continues over the Carolina
coast, with a weakness lifting out of the Gulf into the Lower MS
Valley. Meanwhile a shortwave is working its way across the eastern
Great Lakes around the Canadian longwave trough, while a cutoff
upper low is pushing into the western Great Lakes. Associated
surface low over MI at AFD time has trailing cold front extending
WSW toward the OK Panhandle. Southerly surface flow around the
western periphery of the Atlantic high will continue to bring low-
level WAA toward the Southern Appalachians, enhanced in part by the
Lower MS Valley weakness. Lee troughing and orographic lift plus the
approaching front will continue to be players this afternoon, with
best convective chances remaining across the mountains and adjacent
foothills. Weak steering flow may lead to localized heavy rainfall
concerns. Though sbCAPEs >2000 J/kg and low-level lapse rates are
certainly supportive of Piedmont convection, weak mid-level lapse
rates and lower 850mb RH will continue to inhibit widespread
convection, though with dCAPEs >1000J/kg over the Piedmont,
anything that does develop could contain some gusty winds.
As we move through the near-term, the western cutoff and upper
trough will work east toward Quebec, pushing the front through the
OH Valley. The Southeast upper ridge will break down somewhat and by
the end of the period the front will be working its way across the
area, weak though it may be. Should see increased convective chances
by Friday afternoon (though still with the max over the mountains)
and with the elongated area of upper vorticity approaching as well,
the Day2 Marginal Risk for the northern tier seems warranted as mid-
level lapse rates should improve leading to a low-end wind threat.
Besides the convective activity, above-normal temperatures remain
the concern. Really we're only talking a couple of degrees above
seasonal normals, though with dewpoints hovering around 70 across
the Piedmont, but pooling into the mid 70s toward the foothills,
heat indices will continue to flirt with the century mark, with a
few locations sneaking above it. Still a few degrees below heat
advisory criteria but worth taking standard heat safety precautions
nonetheless.
&&
.SHORT TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY/...
As of 210 PM EDT Thursday: Heights fall slowly but steadily through
the weekend as a trough builds over the eastern CONUS. A weak short
wave drops into the trough and crosses the area Saturday while a
stronger, but still relatively weak, short wave does the same on
Sunday. A weak cold front moves in from the NW Friday night and
stalls across the area on Sunday. The front weakens Sunday as it
slowly moves into the southern portions of the CWFA. Upper level
divergence increases as the right entrance region of the an upper
jet slides south into the area. These features will provide more
forcing for convection than the previous few days. Instability
remains moderate to very high both days but will be on the downward
trend. Shear increases with the short waves but remains below 30
kts. There will be less mid level dry air as well with an increase
in deep layer moisture and PW values near 2 inches. Although, DCAPE
values remain relatively high. Therefore, expect better coverage of
convection CWFA wide Saturday with a focus across the southern CWFA
for Sunday. Severe storm chances will be similar with a marginal
threat CWFA wide Saturday and the threat shifting to the southern
CWFA on Sunday. The heat begins to abate with falling thicknesses
for the weekend. The highs Saturday will be closer to normal but
high humidity will put heat index values near 100 along and south of
the I-85 corridor. Temps fall below normal for Sunday but heat index
values linger in the 90s. Lows remain above normal but with a
cooling trend.
&&
.LONG TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY/...
As of 205 PM EDT Thursday: the extended fcst picks up at 00z on Monday
with a positively tilted upper trof digging down across the Great
Lakes and broad upper ridging persisting across the western 2/3 of
the CONUS. Over the next couple of days, the upper trof axis will
move over the fcst area as the ridge gradually expands eastward.
Beyond this point, the long range models diverge wrt the trof. The
GFS tries to cutoff the trof over the CWFA on Wed and keep the ridge
from advancing into the fcst area. The ECMWF, on the other hand,
moves the trof offshore and spreads the ridge over the area on Wed
and Thurs. At the sfc, a reinforcing cold front will move over the
fcst area on Monday and stall just to our south before dissipating
on Tuesday. As we go into mid-week, high pressure strengthens to our
NW and moves over the region to end the period. As for the sensible
fcst, no significant changes were made with solid chances for
widespread diurnal convection over the CWFA on Monday and slight to
solid chances for Tues. Wed should be quieter with the center of
the sfc high just to our north. Temps are also expected to start out
right around normal and slowly climb thru the period, yet they are
not fcst to reach heat advisory criteria at this time.
&&
.AVIATION /21Z THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/...
At KCLT and Elsewhere: Convection will increase this afternoon
mainly across the mountains, and have continued VCTS for KAVL and
KHKY. For all other sites, chances too low to include at this time,
but will continue to monitor in case something needs to be added.
Cannot rule out mountain valley restrictions overnight, including at
KAVL, and though the KAVL TAF only includes MVFR conditions, could
easily drop to LIFR again. As the front approaches tomorrow,
convection will increase again but mainly after 18z, so PROB30 only
introduced at KHKY and KAVL.
Outlook: Scattered to numerous afternoon and evening convection is
expected each day through Monday across the area, with higher
coverage in the mountains. Morning fog development can be expected
in mountain valleys and areas that receive rainfall in the previous
afternoon.
Confidence Table...
20-02Z 02-08Z 08-14Z 14-18Z
KCLT High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
KGSP High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
KAVL High 100% High 100% High 93% High 100%
KHKY High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
KGMU High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
KAND High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
The percentage reflects the number of guidance members agreeing
with the scheduled TAF issuance flight rule category. Complete hourly
experimental aviation forecast consistency tables and ensemble forecasts
are available at the following link:
www.weather.gov/gsp/aviation
&&
.GSP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
GA...None.
NC...None.
SC...None.
&&
SYNOPSIS...JPT
NEAR TERM...ARK/TDP
SHORT TERM...RWH
LONG TERM...JPT
AVIATION...TDPHazardous weather outlook, Jul 13, 5:14 AM EDT, 12 hours 6 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook...CORRECTED National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 514 AM EDT Thu Jul 13 2017 GAZ010-NCZ033-048>053-058-059-062>065-501-503-505-507-509-140915- Rabun-Avery-Madison-Yancey-Mitchell-Swain-Haywood-Buncombe-Graham- Northern Jackson-Macon-Southern Jackson-Transylvania-Henderson- Caldwell Mountains-Burke Mountains-McDowell Mountains- Rutherford Mountains-Polk Mountains- 514 AM EDT Thu Jul 13 2017 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for Rabun County in northeast Georgia and the mountains of western North Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight. Scattered to numerous thunderstorms will develop across the region this afternoon and evening. Any of these thunderstorms may produce locally heavy rainfall, cloud-to-ground lightning strikes, and briefly gusty winds. A few of the thunderstorms may produce damaging wind gusts of 60 mph or greater. Isolated flooding could also occur under slowly moving thunderstorms or in areas impacted by repeated thunderstorms. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Friday through Wednesday. ..Friday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Saturday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Sunday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Monday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Tuesday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Wednesday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... None. GAZ017-018-026-028-029-NCZ035>037-056-057-068>072-082-502-504-506- 508-510-SCZ001>014-019-140915- Habersham-Stephens-Franklin-Hart-Elbert-Alexander-Iredell-Davie- Catawba-Rowan-Cleveland-Lincoln-Gaston-Mecklenburg-Cabarrus-Union- Greater Caldwell-Greater Burke-Eastern McDowell-Greater Rutherford- Eastern Polk-Oconee Mountains-Pickens Mountains-Greenville Mountains- Greater Oconee-Greater Pickens-Greater Greenville-Spartanburg- Cherokee-York-Anderson-Abbeville-Laurens-Chester-Greenwood- 514 AM EDT Thu Jul 13 2017 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northeast Georgia, the foothills and piedmont of western North Carolina and Upstate South Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight. Isolated to scattered thunderstorms will develop across the region this afternoon and evening. Any of these thunderstorms may produce locally heavy rainfall, cloud-to-ground lightning strikes, and briefly gusty winds. A few of the thunderstorms may produce damaging wind gusts of 60 mph or greater. Isolated flooding could also occur under slowly moving thunderstorms or in areas impacted by repeated thunderstorms. In addition, high temperatures of 90 to 95 degrees this afternoon will combine with humid conditions to produce Heat Index values of 100 to 104 degrees in many foothill and piedmont locations. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Friday through Wednesday. ..Friday...Excessive heat possible. Afternoon Heat Index values between 100 and 105 are possible. ..Saturday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Sunday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Monday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Tuesday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Wednesday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... None. HG
In the hours before
Special weather statement, Jul 13, 4:31 PM EDT, 49 minutes before
Special Weather Statement National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 431 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017 NCZ053-132100- Buncombe NC- 431 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017 ...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT CENTRAL BUNCOMBE COUNTY UNTIL 500 PM EDT... At 431 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm near Downtown Asheville, or near East Asheville, moving east at 10 mph. Locations to be impacted include... Downtown Asheville, East Asheville, North Asheville, Swannanoa, Fairview In Buncombe County, UNC Asheville, B.R. Parkway-Nc Arboretum To East Asheville, Warren Wilson College, West Asheville and Biltmore Forest. Wind gusts up to 40 mph, pea size hail and very heavy rainfall rates up to 2 inches per hour will be possible in these areas. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... This storm may intensify, so be certain to monitor local radio and tv stations, as well as local cable tv outlets for additional information and possible warnings from the National Weather Service. && LAT...LON 3555 8259 3565 8256 3567 8234 3550 8240 TIME...MOT...LOC 2031Z 276DEG 10KT 3560 8250 MOORE
Special weather statement, Jul 13, 4:46 PM EDT, 34 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
446 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
NCZ503>506-132115-
McDowell Mountains NC-Burke Mountains NC-Greater Burke NC-
Eastern McDowell NC-
446 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT NORTHEASTERN MCDOWELL AND WEST
CENTRAL BURKE COUNTIES UNTIL 515 PM EDT...
At 445 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 4
miles northwest of Morganton, or near Glen Alpine, moving east at 20
mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Morganton, Glen Alpine, Lake James State Park, Table Rock, Lake
James, Drexel, Nebo, North Cove, Ashford and Oak Hill.
Wind gusts up to 40 mph, pea size hail and very heavy rainfall rates
up to 2 inches per hour will be possible in these areas.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
This storm may intensify, so be certain to monitor local radio and tv
stations, as well as local cable tv outlets for additional
information and possible warnings from the National Weather Service.
&&
LAT...LON 3585 8165 3585 8164 3582 8162 3582 8160
3567 8163 3572 8205 3585 8205 3586 8203
3588 8203
TIME...MOT...LOC 2045Z 275DEG 16KT 3578 8177
MOORESpecial weather statement, Jul 13, 4:49 PM EDT, 31 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
449 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
NCZ033-501>503-132115-
Caldwell Mountains NC-Burke Mountains NC-Greater Caldwell NC-
Avery NC-
449 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT NORTHWESTERN CALDWELL...
SOUTHEASTERN AVERY AND NORTHERN BURKE COUNTIES UNTIL 515 PM EDT...
At 449 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 9
miles southwest of Blowing Rock, or 5 miles southeast of B.R.
Parkway-Linville Falls To Grandfather, moving east at 20 mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Crossnore, Grandfather Mountain State Park, B.R. Parkway-Linville
Falls To Grandfather, Blowing Rock In Caldwell County, Edgemont,
Globe, Pineola, Collettsville, Upton and Linville.
Wind gusts up to 40 mph, pea size hail and very heavy rainfall rates
up to 2 inches per hour will be possible in these areas.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
This storm may intensify, so be certain to monitor local radio and tv
stations, as well as local cable tv outlets for additional
information and possible warnings from the National Weather Service.
&&
LAT...LON 3611 8154 3589 8162 3597 8193 3604 8194
3611 8184 3612 8158
TIME...MOT...LOC 2049Z 275DEG 16KT 3601 8177
MOORELocal storm report, Jul 13, 4:56 PM EDT, 24 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
456 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0435 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 SSE LOVE VALLEY 35.94N 80.96W
07/13/2017 IREDELL NC TRAINED SPOTTER
MULTIPLE TREES DOWN ALONG MOUNTAIN VIEW RD
&&
RWHSpecial weather statement, Jul 13, 5:05 PM EDT, 15 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
505 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
NCZ505-132130-
McDowell Mountains NC-
505 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT SOUTHWESTERN MCDOWELL COUNTY
UNTIL 530 PM EDT...
At 505 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 12
miles west of Marion, or near Old Fort, moving east at 15 mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Old Fort and Pleasant Gardens.
Wind gusts up to 40 mph, pea size hail and very heavy rainfall rates
up to 2 inches per hour will be possible in these areas.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
This storm may intensify, so be certain to monitor local radio and tv
stations, as well as local cable tv outlets for additional
information and possible warnings from the National Weather Service.
&&
LAT...LON 3570 8206 3555 8207 3554 8208 3557 8227
3563 8227 3564 8228 3567 8228
TIME...MOT...LOC 2105Z 265DEG 13KT 3562 8221
MOORELocal storm report, Jul 13, 5:14 PM EDT, 6 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
514 PM EDT THU JUL 13 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0450 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 N GLEN ALPINE 35.77N 81.78W
07/13/2017 BURKE NC COUNTY OFFICIAL
COUNTY OFFICIAL REPORTED MULTIPLE TREES AND UTILITY
POLES DOWN NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF NC 126 AND SILVERS ST.
&&
JMPThe office that day
Everything else NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jul 13, 3:07 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Madison | 23 min |
| Jul 13, 3:16 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | McDowell | 29 min |
| Jul 13, 3:36 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Madison | 24 min |
| Jul 13, 3:46 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | McDowell | 29 min |
| Jul 13, 3:57 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Mitchell | 33 min |
| Jul 13, 4:06 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Buncombe | 24 min |
| Jul 13, 4:09 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Alexander | 51 min |
| Jul 13, 4:28 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Alexander, Iredell | 47 min |
| Jul 13, 4:31 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Buncombe | 29 min |
| Jul 13, 4:46 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Burke | 29 min |
| Jul 13, 4:49 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Avery | 26 min |
| Jul 13, 5:05 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | McDowell | 25 min |
| Jul 13, 5:14 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | McDowell | 46 min |
| Jul 13, 5:17 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Buncombe, Henderson | 43 min |
| Jul 13, 5:33 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Burke, McDowell | 42 min |
| Jul 13, 5:41 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Davie | 34 min |
| Jul 13, 5:47 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Caldwell | 43 min |
| Jul 13, 5:57 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Transylvania | 33 min |
| Jul 13, 6:01 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Henderson | 29 min |
| Jul 13, 6:06 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Alexander, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba | 39 min |
| Jul 13, 6:17 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | McDowell | 28 min |
| Jul 13, 6:48 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Alexander, Catawba | 27 min |
| Jul 13, 7:08 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Lincoln | 37 min |
| Jul 13, 7:52 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Transylvania | 23 min |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in North Carolina, 2017Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2017
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.