Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Watches in 2013

Tornado Watch 96

April 11, 201337 counties in Alabama

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Apr 11, 2013, 11:56 AM CDT for 37 counties in Alabama. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Apr 11, 2013, 11:56 AM CDT (16:56 UTC)
Expired
Apr 11, 2013, 7:00 PM CDT
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 37 counties

Autauga County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Blount County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Colbert County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Cullman County, AL, Dallas County, AL, DeKalb County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Etowah County, AL, Fayette County, AL, Franklin County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Jackson County, AL, Jefferson County, AL, Lamar County, AL, Lauderdale County, AL, Lawrence County, AL, Limestone County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Madison County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Marion County, AL, Marshall County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Morgan County, AL, Perry County, AL, Pickens County, AL, Shelby County, AL, St. Clair County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Walker County, AL, Winston County, AL

The radar

The Columbus AFB radar (KGWX), 77 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:58 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
50%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
60%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
20%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
10%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
90%

Warnings issued inside it

20 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 11, 12:34 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXPickens56 min
Apr 11, 1:08 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXFayette, Lamar67 min
Apr 11, 1:28 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXPickens47 min
Apr 11, 1:49 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXFayette56 min
Apr 11, 2:32 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXSumter58 min
Apr 11, 2:50 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXWalker, Winston55 min
Apr 11, 2:54 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMarengo51 min
Apr 11, 3:08 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUNLawrence, Morgan37 min
Apr 11, 3:17 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXWinston28 min
Apr 11, 3:19 PM CDTTornado WarningHUNLawrence, Morgan26 min
Apr 11, 3:30 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUNCullman30 min
Apr 11, 3:39 PM CDTTornado WarningHUNLawrence, Limestone, Morgan36 min
Apr 11, 3:51 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningHUNLimestone3 hr
Apr 11, 4:00 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUNDeKalb, Jackson, Marshall45 min
Apr 11, 4:07 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUNCullman, Marshall, Morgan23 min
Apr 11, 4:11 PM CDTTornado WarningHUNLimestone, Madison34 min
Apr 11, 4:24 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUNJackson, Madison51 min
Apr 11, 4:52 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUNDeKalb, Jackson, Marshall38 min
Apr 11, 5:01 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningHUNJackson, Madison, Marshall3 hr
Apr 11, 5:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUNDeKalb, Jackson41 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 4.9 hours before the alert went out and 108 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2013-04-11Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 35 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2013-04-11The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 143 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
35 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-291 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
635 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
31 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
143 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
169 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

746 
WWUS20 KWNS 111657
SEL6  
SPC WW 111657
ALZ000-TNZ000-120000-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 96
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1200 PM CDT THU APR 11 2013

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF 

       WEST CENTRAL INTO NORTH CENTRAL ALABAMA
       SOUTHERN MIDDLE TENNESSEE

EFFECTIVE THIS THURSDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM NOON UNTIL 700
PM CDT.

TORNADOES...HAIL TO 1.5 INCHES IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND
GUSTS TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE
AREAS.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 55 STATUTE
MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 30 MILES EAST SOUTHEAST OF
MERIDIAN MISSISSIPPI TO 25 MILES NORTH NORTHWEST OF HUNTSVILLE
ALABAMA.  FOR A COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE
ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU6).

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 95...

DISCUSSION...PRE-FRONTAL SUPERCELL HAS FORMED IN E CENTRAL MS AND
WILL CONTINUE TO MOVE NEWD INTO WRN AL AROUND THE TIME THE STORM
MERGES WITH THE FRONTAL BAND OF CONVECTION IMMEDIATELY TO ITS W. 
SOME SURFACE HEATING IN A FEW CLOUD BREAKS AND INCREASING LOW-LEVEL
MOISTURE WILL RESULT IN DESTABILIZATION AND THE LIKELIHOOD THAT
STORMS IN THE LINE WILL STRENGTHEN THIS AFTERNOON WITH AN ATTENDANT
RISK FOR DAMAGING WINDS.  THE TORNADO THREAT WILL BE LARGELY
DEPENDENT ON THE FORMATION OF MORE DISCRETE STORMS AHEAD OF THE
LINE...THOUGH LOW-LEVEL SHEAR WILL BE SUFFICIENT FOR CIRCULATIONS
WITHIN THE LINE.

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 1.5 INCHES. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE
WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO
500. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 24040.


...THOMPSON

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 11, 10:41 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCColbert, Cullman, Fayette, Franklin, Greene, Hale and 12 more2 hr
Apr 11, 12:59 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaldwin, Butler, Choctaw, Clarke, Conecuh, Covington and 5 more91 min
Apr 11, 1:30 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCBaldwin, Butler, Choctaw, Clarke, Conecuh, Covington and 6 more8 hr
Apr 11, 2:21 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Bibb, Blount, Chilton, Coosa, Cullman and 12 more84 min
Apr 11, 3:26 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChambers, Cleburne, Lee, Randolph, Russell94 min
Apr 11, 3:45 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCBarbour, Bullock, Calhoun, Chambers, Cherokee, Clay and 9 more6 hr
Apr 11, 5:03 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCCoffee, Dale, Geneva, Henry, Houston2 hr
Apr 11, 5:35 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaldwin, Butler, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Escambia and 2 more115 min
Apr 11, 5:54 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Bullock, Calhoun, Chambers, Cherokee, Clay and 11 more96 min
Apr 10, 8:28 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCBenton, Coahoma, DeSoto, Lafayette, Marshall, Panola and 5 more7 hr
Apr 10, 9:14 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Claiborne, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore and 5 more2 hr
Apr 10, 11:08 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCDeSoto, Marshall, Panola, Tate, Tunica97 min
Apr 11, 6:55 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Amite, Claiborne, Copiah, Covington, Forrest and 28 more65 min
Apr 11, 8:00 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCAmite, Clarke, Copiah, Covington, Forrest, George and 24 more8 hr
Apr 11, 12:53 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCForrest, George, Greene, Hancock, Harrison, Jackson and 4 more82 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Alabama, 2013Every tornado watch in 2013

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.