Alert archive / Virginia / Tornado Watches in 2012

Tornado Watch 642

September 18, 201217 counties in Maryland; 94 counties in Virginia; Berkeley County, Jefferson County, Morgan County, West Virginia

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Sep 18, 2012, 10:54 AM EDT for 17 counties in Maryland; 94 counties in Virginia; Berkeley County, Jefferson County, Morgan County, West Virginia. It was in force for 9 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Sep 18, 2012, 10:54 AM EDT (14:54 UTC)
Expired
Sep 18, 2012, 7:53 PM EDT
In force
9 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
0.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 114 counties

Anne Arundel County, MD, Baltimore County, MD, Calvert County, MD, Carroll County, MD, Charles County, MD, City of Baltimore, MD, Dorchester County, MD, Frederick County, MD, Harford County, MD, Howard County, MD, Montgomery County, MD, Prince George's County, MD, Saint Mary's County, MD, Somerset County, MD, Washington County, MD, Wicomico County, MD, Worcester County, MD, Accomack County, VA, Albemarle County, VA, Amelia County, VA, Amherst County, VA, Appomattox County, VA, Arlington County, VA, Augusta County, VA, Brunswick County, VA, Buckingham County, VA, Campbell County, VA, Caroline County, VA, Charles City County, VA, Charlotte County, VA, Chesterfield County, VA, City of Alexandria, VA, City of Charlottesville, VA, City of Chesapeake, VA, City of Colonial Heights, VA, City of Danville, VA, City of Emporia, VA, City of Fairfax, VA, City of Falls Church, VA, City of Franklin, VA, City of Fredericksburg, VA, City of Hampton, VA, City of Harrisonburg, VA, City of Hopewell, VA, City of Lynchburg, VA, City of Manassas, VA, City of Newport News, VA, City of Norfolk, VA, City of Petersburg, VA, City of Poquoson, VA, City of Portsmouth, VA, City of Richmond, VA, City of Staunton, VA, City of Suffolk, VA, City of Virginia Beach, VA, City of Waynesboro, VA, City of Williamsburg, VA, City of Winchester, VA, Clarke County, VA, Culpeper County, VA, Cumberland County, VA, Dinwiddie County, VA, Essex County, VA, Fairfax County, VA, Fauquier County, VA, Fluvanna County, VA, Frederick County, VA, Gloucester County, VA, Goochland County, VA, Greene County, VA, Greensville County, VA, Halifax County, VA, Hanover County, VA, Henrico County, VA, Isle of Wight County, VA, James City County, VA, King and Queen County, VA, King George County, VA, King William County, VA, Lancaster County, VA, Loudoun County, VA, Louisa County, VA, Lunenburg County, VA, Madison County, VA, Mathews County, VA, Mecklenburg County, VA, Middlesex County, VA, Nelson County, VA, New Kent County, VA, Northampton County, VA, Northumberland County, VA, Nottoway County, VA, Orange County, VA, Page County, VA, Pittsylvania County, VA, Powhatan County, VA, Prince Edward County, VA, Prince George County, VA, Prince William County, VA, Rappahannock County, VA, Richmond County, VA, Rockingham County, VA, Shenandoah County, VA, Southampton County, VA, Spotsylvania County, VA, Stafford County, VA, Surry County, VA, Sussex County, VA, Warren County, VA, Westmoreland County, VA, York County, VA, Berkeley County, WV, Jefferson County, WV, Morgan County, WV

The radar

The Norfolk radar (KAKQ), 95 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 14:55 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
60%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
80%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
5%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
5%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
95%

Warnings issued inside it

27 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 18, 11:13 AM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, Washington47 min
Sep 18, 11:15 AM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, Page, Shenandoah, Warren45 min
Sep 18, 12:19 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXCarroll, Frederick41 min
Sep 18, 12:21 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningAKQKing and Queen, Lancaster, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond39 min
Sep 18, 12:29 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, Washington61 min
Sep 18, 12:39 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXCarroll, Frederick, Washington4 hr
Sep 18, 12:58 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAlbemarle, Greene, Nelson, Orange, City of Charlottesville62 min
Sep 18, 12:59 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXFrederick3 hr
Sep 18, 1:10 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXCarroll, Frederick54 min
Sep 18, 1:17 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXClarke, Frederick, City of Winchester101 min
Sep 18, 1:25 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAlbemarle, Culpeper, Fauquier, Greene, Madison, Orange and 2 more65 min
Sep 18, 1:54 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, Montgomery66 min
Sep 18, 2:18 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXMontgomery57 min
Sep 18, 2:26 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXCulpeper, Fauquier, King George, Orange, Prince William, Spotsylvania and 2 more64 min
Sep 18, 2:38 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXBaltimore, Carroll, Frederick, Howard, Montgomery52 min
Sep 18, 2:50 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXMontgomery, Prince George's3 hr
Sep 18, 3:06 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningAKQBrunswick, Dinwiddie, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg39 min
Sep 18, 3:09 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAnne Arundel, Montgomery, Prince George's66 min
Sep 18, 3:17 PM EDTTornado WarningLWXMontgomery, Prince George's17 min
Sep 18, 3:24 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAnne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, Howard, Montgomery and 2 more66 min
Sep 18, 3:25 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAnne Arundel, Calvert, Charles, Prince George's, Saint Mary's65 min
Sep 18, 3:28 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXBaltimore, City of Baltimore2 hr
Sep 18, 3:32 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXBaltimore, Harford28 min
Sep 18, 3:39 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXCalvert, Charles, Saint Mary's47 min
Sep 18, 4:22 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAnne Arundel, Calvert23 min
Sep 18, 6:20 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningAKQDorchester, Somerset, Wicomico, Worcester40 min
Sep 18, 6:56 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningAKQSomerset, Wicomico, Worcester34 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Washington/Dulle, VA (KIAD), launched 12:00Z, 2.9 hours before the alert went out and 129 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2012-09-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 371 joules per kilogram.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2012-09-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 322 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
371 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
454 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
56 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
322 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
403 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.9
Supercell composite
4.2

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

423 
WWUS20 KWNS 181455
SEL2  
SPC WW 181455
DCZ000-MDZ000-NCZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-CWZ000-182300-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 642
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1055 AM EDT TUE SEP 18 2012

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF 

       DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
       MARYLAND
       NORTHERN NORTH CAROLINA
       CENTRAL AND EASTERN VIRGINIA
       EASTERN WEST VIRGINIA PANHANDLE
       COASTAL WATERS

EFFECTIVE THIS TUESDAY MORNING AND EVENING FROM 1055 AM UNTIL 700
PM EDT.

TORNADOES...HAIL TO 0.5 INCH IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND
GUSTS TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE
AREAS.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 90 STATUTE
MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 35 MILES EAST SOUTHEAST OF
SOUTH HILL VIRGINIA TO 40 MILES NORTH NORTHEAST OF BALTIMORE
MARYLAND.  FOR A COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE
ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU2).

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 641...

DISCUSSION...A GRADUAL INCREASE IN STORM COVERAGE AND INTENSITY IS
EXPECTED TODAY AS LARGE-SCALE FORCING FOR ASCENT INCREASES ACROSS A
VERY MOIST AND MARGINALLY UNSTABLE WARM SECTOR.  CURRENT VAD AND
MODEL FORECAST DATA INDICATE A CONTINUED STRENGTHENING OF THE
DEEP-LAYER WIND FIELD THROUGH THE PEAK OF THE DIURNAL HEATING CYCLE
WITH THE ENVIRONMENT BECOMING SUPPORTIVE OF EMBEDDED BOW/LEWP AND
SUPERCELL STRUCTURES CAPABLE OF TORNADOES AND DAMAGING WINDS.

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 0.5 INCH. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE
WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO
500. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 23040.


...MEAD

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 18, 11:14 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCNew Castle91 min
Sep 18, 11:19 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCKent, New Castle86 min
Sep 18, 12:10 PM EDTTornado WatchSPCKent, New Castle, Sussex9 hr
Sep 18, 1:56 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCKent, New Castle, Sussex64 min
Sep 18, 4:21 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCKent, New Castle, Sussex114 min
Sep 18, 6:08 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCKent, Sussex67 min
Sep 18, 6:15 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCKent, Sussex30 min
Sep 18, 8:49 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAnne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Carroll, Charles, Frederick and 8 more116 min
Sep 18, 1:27 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAnne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Carroll, Charles, Dorchester and 10 more63 min
Sep 18, 3:52 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAnne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Charles, Dorchester, Howard and 7 more113 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Virginia, 2012Tornado Watches in Maryland, 2012Tornado Watches in West Virginia, 2012Every tornado watch in 2012

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.