Alert archive / North Carolina / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2012

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 374, NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC

July 9, 2012Transylvania County, North Carolina

NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jul 9, 2012, 1:33 PM EDT for Transylvania County, North Carolina. It was in force for 57 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jul 9, 2012, 1:33 PM EDT (17:33 UTC)
Expired
Jul 9, 2012, 2:30 PM EDT
In force
57 min
Issued by
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
Area
Storm-based polygon

County Transylvania County, NC

The radar

The Greer radar (KGSP), 55 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 17:35 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jul 9, 1:38 PM EDTHAIL 0.53 Ese Rosman, NCOBSERVED AT RAINBOW LAKE RESORT.
Jul 9, 1:38 PM EDTHAIL 0.882 E Rosman, NCOBSERVED AT A GIRL SCOUT CAMP.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA (KFFC), launched 12:00Z, 5.6 hours before the alert went out and 257 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA at 12:00Z on 2012-07-09Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1537 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA at 12:00Z on 2012-07-09The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -42 square meters per square second.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1537 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-36 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
787 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
1 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-42 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-32 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

782 
WUUS52 KGSP 091733
SVRGSP
NCC175-091830-
/O.NEW.KGSP.SV.W.0374.120709T1733Z-120709T1830Z/

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
133 PM EDT MON JUL 9 2012

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY IN WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA...

* UNTIL 230 PM EDT

* AT 127 PM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
  SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL...AND
  DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MPH. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR
  ROSMAN...OR 8 MILES SOUTH OF BREVARD...AND MOVING EAST AT 10 MPH.

* THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WILL AFFECT MAINLY RURAL AREAS OF
  TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY...INCLUDING THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS CEDAR
  MOUNTAIN.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TO REPORT DAMAGING WINDS...HAIL...OR FLOODING THROUGH OUR AUTOMATED
REPORTING SYSTEM...CALL TOLL FREE...1 8 7 7...6 3 3...6 7 7 2.

&&

LAT...LON 3512 8298 3534 8266 3534 8265 3517 8259
      3514 8257 3514 8261 3512 8263 3513 8265
      3511 8267 3513 8268 3511 8269 3504 8303
TIME...MOT...LOC 1734Z 279DEG 7KT 3512 8274

$$

CSH
1 follow-up statement
110 
WWUS52 KGSP 091752
SVSGSP

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
152 PM EDT MON JUL 9 2012

NCC175-091830-
/O.CON.KGSP.SV.W.0374.000000T0000Z-120709T1830Z/
TRANSYLVANIA NC-
152 PM EDT MON JUL 9 2012

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR SOUTHERN
TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY UNTIL 230 PM EDT...

AT 147 PM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL...AND
DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MPH.  THIS STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR
ROSMAN...OR 10 MILES SOUTHWEST OF BREVARD...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 15
MPH.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
  BREVARD...CEDAR MOUNTAIN AND LITTLE RIVER.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

THIS SEVERE THUNDERSTORM IS ALSO PRODUCING EXTREMELY HEAVY RAINFALL.
FLOODING OF DRAINAGE DITCHES AND LOW LYING AREAS MAY OCCUR. DO NOT
DRIVE THROUGH AREAS WHERE WATER IS FLOWING OVER THE ROAD.

TO REPORT DAMAGING WINDS...HAIL...OR FLOODING THROUGH OUR AUTOMATED
REPORTING SYSTEM...CALL TOLL FREE...1 8 7 7...6 3 3...6 7 7 2.

&&

LAT...LON 3514 8296 3521 8284 3527 8263 3515 8257
      3514 8261 3512 8263 3513 8265 3511 8267
      3513 8268 3511 8269 3506 8295 3513 8297
TIME...MOT...LOC 1752Z 230DEG 13KT 3512 8280

$$

CSH

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jul 9, 10:38 AM EDT, 2 hours 55 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jul 9, 10:38 AM EDT, 2 hours 55 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
1038 AM EDT MON JUL 9 2012

.SYNOPSIS...
A COLD FRONT WILL DROP INTO OUR AREA TODAY. THIS FRONT IS WILL
BECOME STATIONARY ACROSS THE CAROLINAS AND GEORGIA...AND WILL REMAIN
IN THE AREA THROUGH FRIDAY.

&&

.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/...
AS OF 1035 AM...SKIES REMAIN CLEAR OUTSIDE OF THE MTNS WITH CLOUDS
FORMING OVER THE MTNS. MESOSCALE GUIDANCE WAS FORECASTING CONVECTION
TO BE ONGOING ATTM...BUT RADAR REMAINS PPINE. STILL EXPECT AN EARLY
INITIATION OVER THE MTNS WHERE DIFFERENTIAL HEATING AND NO CIN SHUD
LEAD TO CONVECTION BEGINNING BY NOON. ALSO STILL EXPECT NUMEROUS
COVERAGE NORTH AND SCT SOUTH WITH BOUNDARY IN PLACE OVER THE AREA
AND AT LEAST MODERATE INSTABILITY. THAT SAID...NUMEROUS COVERAGE
COULD DRIFT SOUTH INTO THE UPSTATE OR NE GA OF THE BOUNDARY SLIPS AS
WELL. SVR STORMS COULD DEVELOP ANYWHERE ACROSS THE CWFA THIS
AFTERNOON AND EVENING WITH THE INSTABILITY AND SIGNIFICANT DCAPE
FCST. 12Z RAOBS SHOWED THE POTENTIAL WITH A NICE AREA OF MID LEVEL
DRYING AND COOLING...ESP KGSO. SHEAR WILL REMAIN THE LIMITING FACTOR
WITH GENERALLY LIGHT WINDS. HOWEVER...THE LATEST RAP FCST SHOWS 20
KTS OF EFFECTIVE SHEAR POSSIBLE ACROSS NC. ALSO...COLD POOL AND
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY INTERACTION COULD LEAD TO SIGNIFICANT ORGANIZATION
OF STORMS. THIS IS PRETTY MUCH IN PLACE WITH THE CURRENT FCST...SO
MAIN CHANGES WERE FOR CURRENT CONDITIONS.

AS OF DAYBREAK...A CONVECTIVE LULL...SO PRECIP CHANCES HAVE BEEN CUT
BACK BEFORE CONVECTION RE-FIRES OVER THE HIGHER TERRAIN LATER THIS
MORNING. SOME MINOR ADJUSTMENTS TO LOW TEMPS WERE DONE AS WELL.

WATER VAPOR IMAGERY SHOWS THE CENTER OF THE OLD ANTICYCLONE DRIFTING
OFF THE E COAST AND THE SWATH OF DEEPER MOISTURE ACROSS KY AND THE
VIRGINIAS. THE MODELS ARE IN DECENT AGREEMENT WITH SHIFTING THE DEEP
MOISTURE FARTHER SOUTH TODAY AS THE SURFACE FRONT SETTLES DOWN
ACROSS TN/NC BY THE END OF THE DAY. NUMEROUS SHOWERS AND STORMS
DEVELOPED ALONG THE BOUNDARY ON SUNDAY AND THAT SHOULD EASILY BE THE
CASE TODAY. THE PROBLEM IS THE MODELS ARE ALSO IN AGREEMENT THAT
MOST OF NE GEORGIA AND UPSTATE SC MIGHT BE LEFT OUT OF THE ACTION.
CONVECTION SHOULD HAVE NO TROUBLE INITIATING OVER THE MTNS DURING
THE MID TO LATE MORNING AS THERE SHOULD BE MINIMAL RESIDUAL CLOUD
COVER AND NO CAP WITH CAPE EXCEEDING 2000 J/KG. STORMS SHOULD THEN
DEVELOP MAINLY OFF TO THE EAST AND NORTHEAST...MAKING IT LESS LIKELY
THAT SUBSEQUENT STORMS WILL DEVELOP OUTSIDE NC. HAVE KEPT THE LIKELY
POP ACROSS THE NC PART BUT WILL LIMIT PRECIP TO A CHANCE OUTSIDE THE
HIGH TERRAIN ACRS NE GEORGIA AND UPSTATE SC. SEVERAL OF THE STORMS
MAY BECOME SEVERE AND THIS WILL BE HIGHLIGHTED IN THE HWO. TEMPS
WERE NUDGED TOWARD A GUIDANCE BLEND WHICH IS QUITE WARM AGAIN...BUT
A FEW DEGREES LESS THAN YESTERDAY OWING TO THE INCREASE IN CLOUD
COVER THIS AFTERNOON. A HEAT ADVISORY DOES NOT LOOK LIKE IT WILL BE
NECESSARY. THE SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS MAY CONTINUE TO DEVELOP
ALONG OUTFLOWS WELL INTO THE EVENING SO AT LEAST A CHANCE POP WAS
KEPT ACROSS THE ENTIRE AREA. LOW TEMPS SHOULD BE MILD WITH PLENTY OF
CLOUD COVER.

&&

.SHORT TERM /TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY NIGHT/...
AT 3 AM EDT MONDAY...A POSITIVELY TILTED UPPER TROUGH WILL EXTEND
FROM EASTERN CANADA TO THE LOWER MS RIVER VALLEY ON TUESDAY AND
WEDNESDAY. A VERY SLOW MOVING COLD FRONT ALREADY OVER OUR AREA ON
TUESDAY WILL BECOME STATIONARY BY WEDNESDAY...AND WITH ELEVATED
MOISTURE LEVELS ALONG THE FRONT...IT WILL SERVE AS A FOCUS FOR
PRECIPITATION. ALTHOUGH THE BEST INSTABILITY IS SOUTH OF THE
BOUNDARY...ENOUGH CAPE EXISTS ALONG THE LENGTH OF THE FRONT TO
SUPPORT CONVECTION OVER OUR AREA. GENERALLY THERE IS A LACK OF
ISENTROPIC UPGLIDE OVER THE FRONT...AT LEAST UNTIL WEDNESDAY
NIGHT...WHEN THE NAM FORMS A WAVE OVER THE TN VALLEY. INITIALLY LOW
LEVEL FLOW WILL BE FROM THE NW...BUT BY WEDNESDAY WINDS BECOME
UPSLOPE FROM THE ESE. AS CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN DRY LATELY...AND THIS
APPEARS TO BE A LONG DURATION EVENT...HYDROLOGICAL PROBLEMS MAY
DEVELOP GRADUALLY. MAXIMUM TEMPERATURES WILL RUN A BIT BELOW
NORMAL...WHILE MINIMUM TEMPERATURES WILL BE NEAR NORMAL.

&&

.LONG TERM /THURSDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/...
AT 3 AM EDT MONDAY...BOTH THE ECMWF AND THE GFS MAINTAIN A WEAK
UPPER TROUGH FORM THE GREAT LAKES TO THE NORTHWEST GULF OF MEXICO
FROM THURSDAY INTO SUNDAY....WITH WEAK RIDGING OF THE SOUTHEAST
COAST. THE STATIONARY FRONT WILL REMAIN FROM NC ACROSS THE GULF
STATES THROUGH SATURDAY...THEN DISSIPATES ON SUNDAY. THIS BOUNDARY
WILL REMAIN A FOCUSING MECHANISM FOR PRECIPITATION. MAXIMUM
TEMPERATURES WILL REMAIN BELOW NORMAL...AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURES
NEAR NORMAL.

&&

.AVIATION /15Z MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/...
AT KCLT...SHOULD BE RELATIVELY QUIET WITH VFR CONDITIONS INTO LATE
MONDAY AFTERNOON. EXPECT WIND TO BE GENERALLY LIGHT FROM THE SW
UNLESS AN OUTFLOW BOUNDARY FORMS AND MOVES THROUGH. A SURFACE FRONT
WILL DRIFT DOWN FROM THE NORTH TODAY THAT WILL FOCUS CONVECTION
ACROSS TN/NC/VA IN THE AFTERNOON AND EVENING. THAT WILL IMPROVE THE
THUNDERSTORM CHANCES ACROSS THE WRN PIEDMONT STARTING SOME TIME LATE
IN THE AFTERNOON...SO 20Z WAS CHOSEN AS THE START TIME FOR A PROB30
AND CHANCES WERE RAMPED UP FROM THERE. IT WILL PROBABLY TAKE UNTIL
EARLY EVENING FOR ACTIVITY TO DEVELOP S AND E INTO METRO
CHARLOTTE...BUT CHANCES ARE VERY GOOD THAT THE AIRFIELD WILL BE
AFFECTED BASED ON A VERY UNSTABLE AIR MASS AND A NEARBY FRONT.

ELSEWHERE...EXPECT A SIMILAR EVOLUTION COMPARED TO KCLT. ONGOING
STORMS SHOULD AVOID KAVL/KHKY THROUGH SUNRISE. SOME FOG IS POSSIBLE
IN THE MTN VALLEYS AROUND SUNRISE...BUT RECENT NIGHTS HAVE SEEN ONLY
A BRIEF PERIOD...SO IT WAS LEFT OUT FOR NOW.

OUTLOOK...SHRA/TSRA AREA EXPECTED TO BECOME MORE NUMEROUS TUESDAY
AND WEDNESDAY WITH A STALLED FRONT ACROSS THE CAROLINAS AND A WEAK
UPPER TROUGH TO OUR WEST. THIS WILL BRING OCCASIONAL MVFR/IFR
RESTRICTIONS AROUND STORMS. AREAS OF MORNING FOG/STRATUS ARE
POSSIBLE...ESP IN THE MTN VALLEYS AND WHERE RAIN FALLS.

AN EXPERIMENTAL AVIATION FORECAST CONSISTENCY TABLE SHOWING THE
PERCENTAGE OF GUIDANCE MEMBERS AGREEING WITH THE SCHEDULED ISSUANCE
CATEGORY IS AVAILABLE AT FOLLOWING LINK (USE LOWER CASE)...

WWW.WEATHER.GOV/GSP/AVIATION/TABLES.HTM

&&

.GSP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
GA...NONE.
NC...NONE.
SC...NONE.

&&

SYNOPSIS...JAT
NEAR TERM...PM/RWH
SHORT TERM...JAT
LONG TERM...JAT
AVIATION...PM
Hazardous weather outlook, Jul 9, 5:27 AM EDT, 8 hours 6 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
527 AM EDT MON JUL 9 2012

GAZ010-017-018-026-028-029-NCZ033-035>037-048>053-056>059-062>065-
068>072-082-501>510-SCZ001>014-019-101000-
RABUN-HABERSHAM-STEPHENS-FRANKLIN-HART-ELBERT-AVERY-ALEXANDER-
IREDELL-DAVIE-MADISON-YANCEY-MITCHELL-SWAIN-HAYWOOD-BUNCOMBE-CATAWBA-
ROWAN-GRAHAM-NORTHERN JACKSON-MACON-SOUTHERN JACKSON-TRANSYLVANIA-
HENDERSON-CLEVELAND-LINCOLN-GASTON-MECKLENBURG-CABARRUS-UNION NC-
CALDWELL MOUNTAINS-GREATER CALDWELL-BURKE MOUNTAINS-GREATER BURKE-
MCDOWELL MOUNTAINS-EASTERN MCDOWELL-RUTHERFORD MOUNTAINS-
GREATER RUTHERFORD-POLK MOUNTAINS-EASTERN POLK-OCONEE MOUNTAINS-
PICKENS MOUNTAINS-GREENVILLE MOUNTAINS-GREATER OCONEE-
GREATER PICKENS-GREATER GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG-CHEROKEE-YORK-
ANDERSON-ABBEVILLE-LAURENS-UNION SC-CHESTER-GREENWOOD-
527 AM EDT MON JUL 9 2012

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTHEAST GEORGIA...PIEDMONT
NORTH CAROLINA...WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA AND UPSTATE SOUTH CAROLINA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT.

THUNDERSTORMS ARE IN THE FORECAST TODAY...AND WILL BE MORE
NUMEROUS IN NORTH CAROLINA THAN IN SOUTH CAROLINA OR GEORGIA.
THESE THUNDERSTORMS WILL PRODUCE CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING. SOME
OF THESE THUNDERSTORMS MAY BECOME SEVERE...PRODUCING LARGE HAIL
AND DAMAGING WIND GUSTS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY.

NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SKYWARN SPOTTERS ARE REQUESTED TO FORWARD ANY REPORTS OF LARGE
HAIL...DAMAGING WINDS...TORNADOES OR FLASH FLOODING TO OUR OFFICE.

07

In the hours before

Local storm report, Jul 9, 7:43 AM EDT, 5 hours 50 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
743 AM EDT MON JUL 09 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0220 PM     TSTM WND DMG     6 SW CAESARS HEAD       35.04N 82.68W
07/08/2012                   PICKENS            SC   PARK/FOREST SRVC

            TREES DOWN IN PARK AND LIGHTNING STARTED FOREST FIRE.

&&

PTANNER
Local storm report, Jul 9, 7:59 AM EDT, 5 hours 34 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
759 AM EDT MON JUL 09 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0410 PM     TSTM WND DMG     3 N SPARTANBURG         34.99N 81.93W
07/08/2012                   SPARTANBURG        SC   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            TREES DOWN ON POWER LINES

&&

PTANNER
Local storm report, Jul 9, 9:26 AM EDT, 4 hours 7 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
926 AM EDT MON JUL 09 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0340 PM     TSTM WND DMG     2 SE PINE MOUNTAIN      34.92N 83.17W
07/08/2012                   OCONEE             SC   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            TREES DOWN ALONG SC28 NEAR THE GA STATE LINE.

&&

TW

The office that day

Everything else NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 8, 8:25 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementGSPAvery35 min
Jul 9, 2:21 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGSPCleveland, Gaston54 min
Jul 9, 2:53 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementGSPPolk37 min
Jul 9, 3:14 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGSPGaston, Mecklenburg61 min
Jul 9, 3:15 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementGSPSwain30 min
Jul 9, 3:43 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGSPCleveland, Rutherford39 min
Jul 9, 3:46 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGSPUnion59 min
Jul 9, 4:35 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGSPUnion40 min
Jul 9, 5:40 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementGSPHaywood35 min
Jul 9, 6:14 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementGSPCaldwell31 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in North Carolina, 2012Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2012

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.