Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Watches in 2011

Tornado Watch 899

December 22, 20114 states

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Dec 22, 2011, 10:00 AM CST for 4 states. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Dec 22, 2011, 10:00 AM CST (16:00 UTC)
Expired
Dec 22, 2011, 5:00 PM CST
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
0.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 73 counties

Autauga County, AL, Baldwin County, AL, Barbour County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Blount County, AL, Bullock County, AL, Butler County, AL, Calhoun County, AL, Chambers County, AL, Cherokee County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Choctaw County, AL, Clarke County, AL, Clay County, AL, Cleburne County, AL, Coffee County, AL, Conecuh County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Covington County, AL, Crenshaw County, AL, Cullman County, AL, Dale County, AL, Dallas County, AL, DeKalb County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Escambia County, AL, Etowah County, AL, Fayette County, AL, Geneva County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Henry County, AL, Houston County, AL, Jefferson County, AL, Lee County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Macon County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Marshall County, AL, Mobile County, AL, Monroe County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Perry County, AL, Pickens County, AL, Pike County, AL, Randolph County, AL, Russell County, AL, Shelby County, AL, St. Clair County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tallapoosa County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Walker County, AL, Washington County, AL, Wilcox County, AL, Bay County, FL, Escambia County, FL, Holmes County, FL, Okaloosa County, FL, Santa Rosa County, FL, Walton County, FL, Washington County, FL, Plaquemines Parish, LA, Saint Bernard Parish, LA, George County, MS, Greene County, MS, Hancock County, MS, Harrison County, MS, Jackson County, MS, Perry County, MS, Stone County, MS, Wayne County, MS

The radar

The Mobile radar (KMOB), 137 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:00 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
40%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
40%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
40%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
30%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
70%

Warnings issued inside it

19 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 22, 10:33 AM CSTTornado WarningMOBGreene, Perry42 min
Dec 22, 11:08 AM CSTTornado WarningMOBWashington52 min
Dec 22, 11:19 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLIXHancock, Harrison, Jackson, Pearl River56 min
Dec 22, 11:47 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXGreene, Hale, Tuscaloosa25 min
Dec 22, 11:50 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLIXHancock, Harrison, Jackson, Pearl River39 min
Dec 22, 11:51 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXGreene, Hale, Marengo, Perry15 min
Dec 22, 11:59 AM CSTTornado WarningMOBClarke22 min
Dec 22, 12:37 PM CSTTornado WarningMOBMobile11 min
Dec 22, 12:53 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXBibb, Chilton, Shelby52 min
Dec 22, 12:57 PM CSTTornado WarningMOBBaldwin21 min
Dec 22, 12:59 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXBibb, Chilton, Perry, Shelby31 min
Dec 22, 1:28 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBConecuh, Escambia32 min
Dec 22, 1:34 PM CSTTornado WarningMOBConecuh, Escambia26 min
Dec 22, 1:42 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXShelby, Talladega33 min
Dec 22, 1:47 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOBButler13 min
Dec 22, 1:54 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXSt. Clair, Shelby, Talladega39 min
Dec 22, 1:59 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXAutauga, Coosa, Elmore, Tallapoosa46 min
Dec 22, 2:39 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXClay, Coosa, Tallapoosa15 min
Dec 22, 2:56 PM CSTTornado WarningMOBCrenshaw19 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 4.0 hours before the alert went out and 181 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2011-12-22Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2011-12-22The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 102 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
699 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
60 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
102 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
129 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

228 
WWUS20 KWNS 221603
SEL9
SPC WW 221603
ALZ000-FLZ000-LAZ000-MSZ000-CWZ000-222300-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 899
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1000 AM CST THU DEC 22 2011

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF

       ALABAMA
       WESTERN FLORIDA PANHANDLE
       FAR SOUTHEAST LOUISIANA
       SOUTHEAST MISSISSIPPI
       COASTAL WATERS

EFFECTIVE THIS THURSDAY MORNING AND AFTERNOON FROM 1000 AM UNTIL
500 PM CST.

TORNADOES...HAIL TO 0.5 INCH IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND
GUSTS TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE
AREAS.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 95 STATUTE
MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 25 MILES EAST OF GULFPORT
MISSISSIPPI TO 10 MILES NORTH OF GADSDEN ALABAMA.  FOR A COMPLETE
DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE UPDATE
(WOUS64 KWNS WOU9).

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 898...

DISCUSSION...CONVECTIVE BAND ALONG COLD FRONT FROM NEAR JAN TO W OF
NEW ORLEANS IS EXPECTED TO INTENSIFY TODAY WHILE MOVING EWD WITH
ADDITIONAL DOWNSTREAM STORM DEVELOPMENT ANTICIPATED WITHIN THE OPEN
WARM SECTOR.  LATEST VISIBLE SATELLITE SHOWS BREAKS IN THE CLOUDS
ACROSS PARTS OF SRN AL...WHICH WHEN COUPLED WITH BOUNDARY LAYER
DEWPOINTS IN THE MID 60S WILL YIELD AFTERNOON MLCAPE VALUES OF
AROUND 1000 J/KG.  THIS INSTABILITY WILL COINCIDE WITH A KINEMATIC
ENVIRONMENT FEATURING 0-1 KM SRH OF 150-300 M2/S2 AND EFFECTIVE BULK
SHEAR OF 40-50+ KT.  AS SUCH...GIVEN SETUP WILL SUPPORT SUPERCELL
AND BOW ECHO STORM MODES WITH ATTENDANT RISKS FOR A FEW TORNADOES
AND DAMAGING WINDS.

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 0.5 INCH. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE
WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO
400. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 22035.


...MEAD

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 22, 9:32 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Blount, Butler, Calhoun and 31 more58 min
Dec 22, 11:22 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChoctaw, Clarke, Dallas, Marengo, Mobile, Monroe and 2 more53 min
Dec 22, 2:51 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Blount, Butler, Calhoun and 36 more54 min
Dec 22, 1:02 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaldwin, Banks, Barrow, Bartow, Bibb, Bleckley and 81 more118 min
Dec 22, 2:20 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCBaldwin, Banks, Barrow, Bartow, Bibb, Butts and 77 more6 hr
Dec 22, 5:25 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaldwin, Banks, Barrow, Bibb, Butts, Chattahoochee and 53 more95 min
Dec 22, 4:11 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAcadia, Allen, Ascension, Assumption, Avoyelles, Calcasieu and 32 more34 min
Dec 22, 4:36 AM CSTTornado WatchSPCAcadia, Allen, Ascension, Assumption, Avoyelles, Calcasieu and 32 more7 hr
Dec 22, 7:50 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAscension, Assumption, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, Iberia, Iberville and 19 more55 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Alabama, 2011Tornado Watches in Mississippi, 2011Tornado Watches in Florida, 2011Every tornado watch in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.