Alert archive / Virginia / Mesoscale Discussions in 2011

Mesoscale Discussion 455

April 16, 201116 counties in Maryland; 57 counties in Virginia; 6 counties in West Virginia

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at Apr 16, 2011, 12:52 PM EDT for 16 counties in Maryland; 57 counties in Virginia; 6 counties in West Virginia. It was in force for 113 min.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Apr 16, 2011, 12:52 PM EDT (16:52 UTC)
Expired
Apr 16, 2011, 2:45 PM EDT
In force
113 min
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
All 79 counties

Anne Arundel County, MD, Calvert County, MD, Caroline County, MD, Charles County, MD, City of Baltimore, MD, Dorchester County, MD, Frederick County, MD, Howard County, MD, Montgomery County, MD, Prince George's County, MD, Queen Anne's County, MD, Saint Mary's County, MD, Somerset County, MD, Talbot County, MD, Washington County, MD, Wicomico County, MD, Accomack County, VA, Albemarle County, VA, Amherst County, VA, Arlington County, VA, Augusta County, VA, Botetourt County, VA, Caroline County, VA, City of Alexandria, VA, City of Buena Vista, VA, City of Charlottesville, VA, City of Fairfax, VA, City of Falls Church, VA, City of Fredericksburg, VA, City of Harrisonburg, VA, City of Lexington, VA, City of Manassas, VA, City of Manassas Park, VA, City of Staunton, VA, City of Waynesboro, VA, City of Winchester, VA, Clarke County, VA, Culpeper County, VA, Essex County, VA, Fairfax County, VA, Fauquier County, VA, Fluvanna County, VA, Frederick County, VA, Gloucester County, VA, Goochland County, VA, Greene County, VA, Hanover County, VA, Highland County, VA, King and Queen County, VA, King George County, VA, King William County, VA, Lancaster County, VA, Loudoun County, VA, Louisa County, VA, Madison County, VA, Mathews County, VA, Middlesex County, VA, Nelson County, VA, New Kent County, VA, Northampton County, VA, Northumberland County, VA, Orange County, VA, Page County, VA, Prince William County, VA, Rappahannock County, VA, Richmond County, VA, Rockbridge County, VA, Rockingham County, VA, Shenandoah County, VA, Spotsylvania County, VA, Stafford County, VA, Warren County, VA, Westmoreland County, VA, Berkeley County, WV, Hampshire County, WV, Hardy County, WV, Jefferson County, WV, Morgan County, WV, Pendleton County, WV

The radar

The Sterling radar (KLWX), 87 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:53 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The watches that followed

Watches SPC issued over any of the same counties within four hours of this discussion.

The nearest sounding before it

Washington/Dulle, VA (KIAD), launched 12:00Z, 4.9 hours before the alert went out and 84 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2011-04-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2011-04-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 473 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
533 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
56 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
473 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
699 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

335 
ACUS11 KWNS 161652
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 161652 
DEZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-DCZ000-WVZ000-161845-

MESOSCALE DISCUSSION 0455
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1152 AM CDT SAT APR 16 2011

AREAS AFFECTED...DC...PORTIONS VA...MD...DE...ERN PANHANDLE OF WV.

CONCERNING...SEVERE POTENTIAL...WATCH LIKELY 

VALID 161652Z - 161845Z

SVR THREAT....INCLUDING TORNADO/DAMAGING GUST RISK...IS FCST TO
INCREASE THROUGH LATE AFTERNOON OVER AREAS N OF WW 150.  WHILE NOT
AS BUOYANT AS FARTHER S...AIR MASS IS FCST TO DESTABILIZE AT LEAST
MRGL LEVELS THROUGH 21Z.  GIVEN ALREADY FAVORABLE DEEP-LAYER
KINEMATIC PROFILES THAT ARE FCST TO STRENGTHEN WITH TIME AS
MID-UPPER TROUGH APCHS...WW IS ANTICIPATED.

16Z SFC MESOANALYSIS DEPICTS COLD FRONT MOVING EWD ACROSS
CENTRAL/NRN WV AND WRN VA...JUST BEHIND INCREASING
COVERAGE/INTENSITY OF TSTMS WITHIN CONVECTIVE BAND NEAR MWK-ROA-EKN
LINE.  WARM FRONT WAS REDEVELOPING NWD ACROSS NC TO NEAR VA BORDER
AND WILL MOVE NWD ACROSS SRN/CENTRAL VA AND SRN MD...PERHAPS AS FAR
N AS DC AREA PRIOR TO ARRIVAL OF MAIN TSTM BAND.  CLOUD
BREAKS...EVIDENT IN 1615Z VIS IMAGE OVER CENTRAL NC...WERE SPREADING
NWD INTO S-CENTRAL VA.  THIS WILL COMBINE WITH THETAE ADVECTION
ACCOMPANYING WARM FROPA TO RENDER SFC-BASED EFFECTIVE INFLOW
PARCELS...MINIMAL CINH AND AT LEAST WEAK MLCAPE OVER MUCH OF
CENTRAL/ERN VA...WHILE THERMODYNAMIC PROFILES OVER WRN/NRN VA WILL
REMAIN NEARLY NEUTRAL.  BY 20Z...EXPECT 200-500 J/KG MLCAPE INTO
PORTIONS SWRN-CENTRAL VA AHEAD OF CONVECTIVE
BAND...SPREADING/EXPANDING NEWD TOWARD MD BY LATE AFTERNOON.  AS
BUOYANT PROFILE DEVELOPS/DEEPENS...EFFECTIVE SHEAR 60-75 KT WILL
DEVELOP.  MEANWHILE EFFECTIVE SRH NEAR 500 J/KG WILL OCCUR INVOF
WARM FRONT.

EXPECT MORE MERIDIONALLY ALIGNED MEAN WIND VECTORS WITH NWD
EXTENT...WHICH WILL BE LESS ORTHOGONAL TO CORRIDOR OF CONVECTIVE
FORCING.  THIS WILL CONTRIBUTE TO MORE LINEAR MODAL TENDENCIES
ACROSS WRN/NWRN VA AND NWRN MD.  HOWEVER...STG SFC ISALLOBARIC
FORCING WILL MAINTAIN RELATIVELY BACKED SFC WINDS AND ENLARGED
LOW-LEVEL HODOGRAPHS.  THIS INDICATES POTENTIAL FOR EMBEDDED
BOW/LEWP FEATURES TO ENHANCE WIND DAMAGE THREAT LOCALLY...AS WELL AS
TORNADOES RELATED TO BOTH EMBEDDED MESOCIRCULATIONS AND LEADING-EDGE
QUASI-LINEAR CONVECTIVE FORCING.

..EDWARDS.. 04/16/2011

...PLEASE SEE WWW.SPC.NOAA.GOV FOR GRAPHIC PRODUCT...

ATTN...WFO...PHI...AKQ...LWX...RNK...

LAT...LON   37487984 38707956 39597841 39677732 39317637 38817549
            37957531 37827547 37157590 37327609 37697811 37547934
            37487984

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 16, 1:29 PM EDTTornado WatchSPCAllegany, Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Carroll, Charles and 8 more8 hr
Apr 16, 4:29 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAllegany, Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Carroll, Cecil and 13 more31 min
Apr 16, 4:41 PM EDTTornado WatchSPCCaroline, Cecil, Kent, Queen Anne's, Talbot6 hr
Apr 16, 6:38 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAnne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Caroline, Carroll, Cecil and 13 more97 min
Apr 16, 10:39 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBrunswick, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Gloucester, Greensville and 25 more2 hr
Apr 16, 12:02 PM EDTTornado Watch PDSSPCAmelia, Amherst, Appomattox, Bedford, Brunswick, Buckingham and 62 more11 hr
Apr 16, 2:28 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAmelia, Brunswick, Charles City, Charlotte, Chesterfield, Cumberland and 43 more92 min
Apr 16, 4:49 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBrunswick, Caroline, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Essex and 33 more86 min
Apr 16, 6:59 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCGreensville, Isle of Wight, Prince George, Southampton, Surry, Sussex and 9 more91 min
Apr 16, 10:43 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBarbour, Braxton, Doddridge, Gilmer, Harrison, Lewis and 13 more62 min
Apr 16, 1:34 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBrooke, Hancock, Marshall, Ohio, Wetzel116 min

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Virginia, 2011Mesoscale Discussions in Maryland, 2011Mesoscale Discussions in West Virginia, 2011Every mesoscale discussion in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.