Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 1999

Tornado Warning 20, NWS Midland/Odessa, TX

April 30, 1999Gaines County, Texas

NWS Midland/Odessa, TX issued this tornado warning at Apr 30, 1999, 4:32 PM CDT for Gaines County, Texas. It was in force for 43 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline the Iowa Environmental Mesonet reconstructed for it; the warning itself named whole counties, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Apr 30, 1999, 4:32 PM CDT (21:32 UTC)
Expired
Apr 30, 1999, 5:15 PM CDT
In force
43 min
Issued by
NWS Midland/Odessa, TX
Area
Whole counties; the outline is the Mesonet’s reconstruction

County Gaines County, TX

The radar

The Midland/Odessa radar (KMAF), 124 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:35 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Apr 30, 4:40 PM CDTTornado F0Seminole, TXTornado spotted by Lubbock TV Chase Crew.

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

IssuedProductOfficeLasted
Apr 30, 12:15 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPC6 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), launched 12:00Z, 9.5 hours before the alert went out and 122 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1999-04-30Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 21 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1999-04-30The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 216 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
21 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-289 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1062 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
216 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
296 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.8

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

999 
WFUS1 KMAF 302135 RRA
TORMAF
TXC165-302215-

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIDLAND-ODESSA TX
432 PM CDT FRI APR 30 1999

THE MIDLAND-ODESSA NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WARNING FOR...
  NORTHWESTERN GAINES COUNTY IN TEXAS

* UNTIL 515 PM CDT

* AT 430 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR DETECTED A
  THUNDERSTORM WITH A DEVELOPING TORNADO OVER NORTHWESTERN GAINES
  COUNTY...ABOUT 15 MILES NORTHWEST OF SEMINOLE...MOVING NORTHEAST   
  AT 25 MPH.

IF YOU SPOT A TORNADO...NEVER TRY TO OUTRUN IT IN A CAR. CARS ARE
EASILY TOSSED AROUND BY TORNADO WINDS.

LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING THUNDERSTORM WINDS ARE ALSO LIKELY WITH THIS
STORM.

STAY TUNED TO LOCAL MEDIA OUTLETS FOR THE LATEST SEVERE WEATHER
INFORMATION.

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 600 PM CDT FRIDAY
EVENING(500 PM MDT) FOR NEW MEXICO. AND TEXAS.

LAT...LON 3284 10304 3271 10289 3300 10250 3317 10270

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Midland/Odessa, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Apr 30, 2:00 PM CDT, 2 hours 32 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 30, 2:00 PM CDT, 2 hours 32 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIDLAND TX
200 PM CDT FRI APR 30 1999

SIGNIFICANT CONVECTION CONTINUING THIS AFTERNOON. AIRMASS ACROSS THE
AREA REMAINS MOIST AND UNSTABLE...AND A SERIES OF SHORTWAVES
ROTATING AROUND THE UPPER LOW OVER AZ WILL LIKELY KEEP CONVECTION
ACTIVE ACROSS THE AREA THROUGH THIS EVENING. AXIS OF THE THETA-
E RIDGE ACROSS THE AREA REMAINS ROUGHLY ACROSS THE MIDDLE SECTION OF
THE CWA...AND PROGS GRADUALLY SHIFT THIS INTO THE EASTERN CWA BY
TOMORROW AFTERNOON. UPPER LEVEL DIFLUENCE ACROSS THE CWA WAS QUITE
IMPRESSIVE THIS MORNING. AREA OF BEST DIFLUENCE WILL PROPOGATE INTO
NORTHERN TX AND SOUTHERN OK LATE TONIGHT. DRYLINE TO THE WEST HAS
BEEN ADVANCING VERY SLOWLY THROUGHOUT THE DAY...WITH STORMS FIRING
UP ALONG ITS BOUNDARY CONTINUOUSLY AND TRAINING NWD AND NEWD. LOOKS
AS IF A NARROW DRY SLOT OVR FAR WEST TX WILL BEGIN ROTATING INTO THE
AREA LATER TONIGHT...AFFECTING PORTIONS OF THE CWA UNTIL EARLY
MORNING. WILL STILL KEEP SCT POPS IN AREA OVERNIGHT WITH THE MOIST
AIRMASS AND PVA ALOFT...BUT WILL NEED TO KEEP THIS IN MIND.

MODELS SLOWLY ADVANCE THE LOW AND BEGIN LIFTING IT OUT LATE
TOMORROW. MODELS ALWAYS TRY TO LIFT THESE UPPER LOWS OUT TOO
QUICKLY...SO I WILL TAKE THIS INTO ACCOUNT WITH THE FORECAST. BY
MIDDAY TOMORROW...IT LOOKS AS IF THE UPPER LEVEL FLOW WILL BECOME
MORE SWLY WITH THE APPROACH OF THE LOW...AND THIS SHOULD HELP THE
DRYLINE PUSH FURTHER EWD. WITH THE MOIST AIRMASS AND UPPER LEVEL
DISTURBANCES PROPOGATING AROUND THE LOW...WILL NEED TO KEEP POPS UP
FOR TOMORROW. TOMORROW NIGHT THE LOW WILL STILL BE IN THE VICINITY...
AND WILL KEEP POPS IN AS WELL.

THE MAIN CHALLENGE WILL BE WHAT TO DO WITH SUNDAY. MODELS LIFT LOW
AND ASSOCIATED VORT ENERGY NWD AWAY FROM THE AREA...AND DRIER SFC
AIR IS PROGGED TO OVERRUN THE AREA. HOWEVER...CONSIDERING THE FACT
THAT THE LOW WILL PROBABLY MOVE OUT MORE SLOWLY...WILL HAVE TO KEEP
SOME CLOUDS AROUND DURING THE DAY...AND POSSIBLY EVEN SOME LINGERING
MORNING POPS.

LBB...WORKZONES FORTHCOMING...WILL BE A FEW MINUTES LATE.

PRELIM TEMPS/POPS
MAF 57/75/54/79 6542
CNM 51/75/47/80 543-
MRF 45/74/41/78 222-
P07 60/78/59/79 3431

DJK

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 30, 10:59 AM CDT, 5 hours 33 minutes before
NMZ027>029-TXZ045>048-050>052-057>063-067>070-074-075-079>082-010000-

THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK...UPDATED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIDLAND TX
1058 AM CDT (958 AM MDT) FRI APR 30 1999

THIS OUTLOOK PERTAINS TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES IN WEST TEXAS:

ANDREWS   CULBERSON  GLASSCOCK   MARTIN    REAGAN   UPTON
BORDEN    DAWSON     HOWARD      MIDLAND   REEVES   WARD
BREWSTER  ECTOR      JEFF DAVIS  PECOS     SCURRY   WINKLER
CRANE     GAINES     LOVING      PRESIDIO  TERRELL

AND IN SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO:

EDDY      LEA

...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE AREA
TODAY AND TONIGHT...

SYNOPSIS: AN UPPER LEVEL STORM SYSTEM SPINNING OVER THE SOUTHWESTERN
U.S. WILL EJECT ANOTHER PIECE OF ENERGY ACROSS THE OUTLOOK AREA
TODAY.  MEANWHILE...A STATIONARY FRONT WAS LOCATED NEAR A ROSWELL...
MIDLAND...TO WACO LINE THIS MORNING AND IS EXPECTED TO MOVE LITTLE
THROUGHOUT THE DAY.  IN ADDITION...A DRYLINE EXTENDED SOUTHWARD FROM
THE FRONT ALONG THE MOUNTAINS OF WEST TEXAS AND SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO.
THESE FEATURES WILL BECOME THE FOCUS FOR SEVERE WEATHER TODAY.

BREAKS IN THE CLOUDS WILL LET SUNSHINE TO WARM THE SURFACE OF THE
EARTH AND FURTHER DESTABILIZE THE ATMOSPHERE.  A JET STREAK PUNCHING
NORTHEASTWARD THROUGH NEW MEXICO...ALONG WITH THE APPROACHING UPPER
LEVEL ENERGY...WILL AID LIFT IN THE VICINITY OF THE DRYLINE.  THE
MOST SUSCEPTIBLE AREA FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON WILL BE
OVER SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO AND THE TRANS PECOS WHERE THE DRYLINE AND
STATIONARY FRONT ARE IN CLOSE PROXIMITY.  STORMS WILL MOVE TO THE
NORTH-NORTHEAST INTO PERMIAN BASIN LATER TODAY.

AS WINDS IN THE MID LEVELS OF THE ATMOSPHERE WILL REMAIN WEAK...
LARGE HAIL...STRONG WINDS...AND FLASH FLOODING WILL CONTINUE TO BE
THE MAIN SEVERE WEATHER THREATS.  HOWEVER...WITH SOME TURNING OF
THE WINDS...SUPERCELL DEVELOPMENT CAPABLE OF PRODUCING WEAK
TORNADOES WILL BE POSSIBLE...ESPECIALLY DURING AND AFTER MAXIMUM
DAYTIME HEATING.

SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL LIKELY BE REQUIRED.

FOR THE WEST CENTRAL TEXAS OUTLOOK SEE PRODUCT LBBSPSSJT.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Midland/Odessa, TX issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 29, 7:35 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFCulberson40 min
Apr 29, 7:52 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFCulberson, Reeves38 min
Apr 29, 8:30 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFLoving, Reeves45 min
Apr 29, 8:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFCulberson62 min
Apr 29, 9:15 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFReeves45 min
Apr 29, 9:42 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFCulberson48 min
Apr 29, 9:44 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningMAFLoving, Reeves, Ward3 hr
Apr 29, 11:19 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving, Reeves26 min
Apr 30, 11:35 AM CDTTornado WarningMAFLoving25 min
Apr 30, 12:14 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving, Reeves46 min
Apr 30, 12:24 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningMAFReeves3 hr
Apr 30, 1:02 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving18 min
Apr 30, 1:13 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFBrewster62 min
Apr 30, 1:18 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFPecos42 min
Apr 30, 2:08 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFBrewster37 min
Apr 30, 2:49 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving26 min
Apr 30, 2:58 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFTerrell47 min
Apr 30, 3:29 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFAndrews, Gaines31 min
Apr 30, 4:11 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningMAFLoving3 hr
Apr 30, 4:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving45 min
Apr 30, 5:12 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFGaines33 min
Apr 30, 5:47 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFGaines58 min
Apr 30, 6:21 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving44 min
Apr 30, 6:40 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFGaines50 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Texas, 1999Every tornado warning in 1999Tornadoes in 1999

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.