Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 1999

Tornado Warning 16, NWS Midland/Odessa, TX

April 30, 1999Loving County, Texas

NWS Midland/Odessa, TX issued this tornado warning at Apr 30, 1999, 11:35 AM CDT for Loving County, Texas. It was in force for 25 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline the Iowa Environmental Mesonet reconstructed for it; the warning itself named whole counties, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Apr 30, 1999, 11:35 AM CDT (16:35 UTC)
Expired
Apr 30, 1999, 12:00 PM CDT
In force
25 min
Issued by
NWS Midland/Odessa, TX
Area
Whole counties; the outline is the Mesonet’s reconstruction

County Loving County, TX

The radar

The Midland/Odessa radar (KMAF), 136 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:38 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Apr 30, 11:40 AM CDTTornado F2Mentone, TXThe Reeves County tornado crossed the Pecos River and headed north across open country. Soon after it crossed the river, the tornado hit some oil field supplies and caused some damage. The only oil pumpjack in the path was overturned. Engineers at a pumpjac

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The nearest sounding before it

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), launched 12:00Z, 4.6 hours before the alert went out and 135 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1999-04-30Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 21 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1999-04-30The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 216 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
21 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-289 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1062 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
216 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
296 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.8

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

999 
WFUS1 KMAF 301637 RRA
TORMAF
TXC301-301700-

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIDLAND-ODESSA TX
1135 AM CDT FRI APR 30 1999

THE MIDLAND-ODESSA NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WARNING FOR...
  CENTRAL LOVING COUNTY IN TEXAS

* UNTIL NOON CDT

* AT 1132 AM CDT...A WEATHER SPOTTER REPORTED A TORNADO OVER SOUTH
  CENTRAL LOVING COUNTY...OR ABOUT 6 MILES WEST OF MENTONE...
  MOVING NORTH AT 25 MPH.

THE SAFEST PLACE TO BE DURING A TORNADO IS IN A BASEMENT. GET UNDER A
WORKBENCH OR OTHER PIECE OF STURDY FURNITURE. IF NO BASEMENT IS
AVAILABLE...SEEK SHELTER ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF THE BUILDING IN AN
INTERIOR HALLWAY OR ROOM SUCH AS A CLOSET. USE BLANKETS OR PILLOWS TO
COVER YOUR BODY AND ALWAYS STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS.

STAY TUNED TO LOCAL MEDIA OUTLETS FOR THE LATEST SEVERE WEATHER
INFORMATION.

LAT...LON 3177 10372 3172 10362 3200 10342 3200 10366

DJK

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Midland/Odessa, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Apr 30, 4:03 AM CDT, 7 hours 32 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 30, 4:03 AM CDT, 7 hours 32 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIDLAND TX
403 AM CDT FRI APR 30 1999

DEEP SE-S FLOW IN PLACE ACROSS W TX/SE NM HAS PULLED HIGH THETA-E AIR
NWD WITH DRYLINE BACKED UP TO THE MTNS. CONVECTION HAS DISSIPATED
ACROSS CWA ATTM AS SHRTWV TROF LIFTS NE...HOWEVER CWA REMAINS IN
FAVORABLE UPPER DIFLUENT PATTERN WITH UPPER LOW OVER SWRN USA. LOW
LEVEL DATA (85H, 300K, ETC) INDICATES FRONT LOCATED ACROSS THE AREA
WITH STRONG LOW LEVEL WAA ONGOING. GENERAL LULL IN CONVECTION ATTM
EXPECTED TO CONTINUE UNTIL LATER TODAY WHEN NEXT SHRTWV TROF MOVES
INTO SRN NM. WITH ARRIVAL OF SHRTWV ENERGY CONVECTION IS EXPECTED TO
DEVELOP W AND MOVE NE ACROSS SE NM/W-NW PB AND ACCORDINGLY HAVE
PLACED HIGHEST POPS THERE. DUE TO SIGNIFICANT MOISTURE AND POSSIBLE
INTERACTIONS WITH FRONT HAVE WORDED LOCALLY HEAVY RAIN AS WELL.
EDDY/LEA COUNTIES SEEM TO BE FAVORED FOR HEAVY RAIN AND WOULD
CONSIDER FFA. SHRTWV TROF/S EXPECTED TONIGHT SO HAVE MAINTAINED
GENERALLY SCATTERED POPS TONIGHT. MODELS TRYING TO LIFT UPPER LOW OUT
OF THE SW SATURDAY EVENING...WILL CONTINUE TO WATCH THIS THOUGH AS
TENDENCIES ARE TO BRING CLOSED SYSTEMS OUT TOO EARLY. AT ANY RATE
WHEN SYSTEM DOES COME OUT WILL LIKELY BE AN INTERESTING EVENT WITH
SEVERE TSTMS POSSIBLE. HAVE CONTINUED WITH COOL TEMPS PER CLOUD COVER
AND E-SE SURFACE FLOW.

MAF 73/56/76/56  40/50/50
CNM 74/56/76/56  70/70/50
MRF 77/48/76/47  30/20/20
P07 78/61/78/58  30/30/40

GPM

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 30, 5:36 AM CDT, 5 hours 59 minutes before
NMZ027>029-TXZ045>048-050>052-057>063-067>070-074-075-079>082-010500-

THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIDLAND TX
534 AM CDT (434 AM MDT) FRI APR 30 1999

THIS OUTLOOK PERTAINS TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES IN WEST TEXAS:

ANDREWS   CULBERSON  GLASSCOCK   MARTIN    REAGAN   UPTON
BORDEN    DAWSON     HOWARD      MIDLAND   REEVES   WARD
BREWSTER  ECTOR      JEFF DAVIS  PECOS     SCURRY   WINKLER
CRANE     GAINES     LOVING      PRESIDIO  TERRELL

AND IN SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO:

EDDY      LEA

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND
   EVENING...

SYNOPSIS: AN UPPER LEVEL STORM SYSTEM SPINNING OVER THE SOUTHWESTERN
U.S. WILL EJECT ANOTHER PIECE OF ENERGY EAST...THEN NORTHEASTWARD
ACROSS PORTIONS OF THE OUTLOOK AREA TODAY.  MEANWHILE...A COLD FRONT
WILL STAY ALMOST STATIONARY ACROSS SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO AND THE
PERMIAN BASIN WITH A DRYLINE REMAINING BACKED UP AGAINST THE
MOUNTAINS OF WEST TEXAS AND NEW MEXICO.

MOSTLY CLOUDY SKIES WILL LIMIT SUNSHINE OVER MUCH OF THE EXTREME
SOUTH PLAINS AND PERMIAN BASIN TODAY...WHILE BETTER HEATING IS
EXPECTED FURTHER WEST.  THE ATMOSPHERE WILL DESTABILIZE BY THIS
AFTERNOON IN AREAS RECEIVING SUNSHINE...ROUGHLY WEST OF A SEMINOLE-
ANDREWS-MIDLAND-SANDERSON LINE.  A JET STREAK PUNCHING NORTHEASTWARD
THROUGH NEW MEXICO...ALONG WITH THE APPROACHING UPPER LEVEL ENERGY
...WILL AID LIFT IN THE VICINITY OF THE DRYLINE.  THE MOST
SUSCEPTIBLE AREA FOR THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE OVER SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO
AND THE TRANS PECOS IN WEST TEXAS WHERE THE DRYLINE AND STATIONARY
FRONT ARE IN CLOSE PROXIMITY.  THE MAIN THREAT FROM ANY STORMS THAT
DO DEVELOP WILL BE LARGE HAIL AND STRONG WINDS.

THIS EVENING...LOW LEVEL SOUTHEAST WINDS WILL INCREASE AND HELP TO
FUEL ANY NEW OR PREVIOUS THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT.  SOUTHEAST NEW
MEXICO AND THE TRANS PECOS IN WEST TEXAS WILL CONTINUE TO BE THE
FAVORED AREA FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT...IN ADDITION TO
THE POSSIBILITY OF HEAVY RAIN.  WINDS IN THE MID LEVELS OF THE
ATMOSPHERE WILL REMAIN WEAK...THEREFORE LARGE HAIL AND STRONG WINDS
WILL CONTINUE TO BE THE MAIN SEVERE WEATHER THREAT.

SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE REQUIRED.

FOR THE WEST CENTRAL TEXAS OUTLOOK SEE PRODUCT LBBSPSSJT.

AKL
Special weather statement, Apr 30, 10:59 AM CDT, 36 minutes before
NMZ027>029-TXZ045>048-050>052-057>063-067>070-074-075-079>082-010000-

THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK...UPDATED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIDLAND TX
1058 AM CDT (958 AM MDT) FRI APR 30 1999

THIS OUTLOOK PERTAINS TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES IN WEST TEXAS:

ANDREWS   CULBERSON  GLASSCOCK   MARTIN    REAGAN   UPTON
BORDEN    DAWSON     HOWARD      MIDLAND   REEVES   WARD
BREWSTER  ECTOR      JEFF DAVIS  PECOS     SCURRY   WINKLER
CRANE     GAINES     LOVING      PRESIDIO  TERRELL

AND IN SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO:

EDDY      LEA

...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE AREA
TODAY AND TONIGHT...

SYNOPSIS: AN UPPER LEVEL STORM SYSTEM SPINNING OVER THE SOUTHWESTERN
U.S. WILL EJECT ANOTHER PIECE OF ENERGY ACROSS THE OUTLOOK AREA
TODAY.  MEANWHILE...A STATIONARY FRONT WAS LOCATED NEAR A ROSWELL...
MIDLAND...TO WACO LINE THIS MORNING AND IS EXPECTED TO MOVE LITTLE
THROUGHOUT THE DAY.  IN ADDITION...A DRYLINE EXTENDED SOUTHWARD FROM
THE FRONT ALONG THE MOUNTAINS OF WEST TEXAS AND SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO.
THESE FEATURES WILL BECOME THE FOCUS FOR SEVERE WEATHER TODAY.

BREAKS IN THE CLOUDS WILL LET SUNSHINE TO WARM THE SURFACE OF THE
EARTH AND FURTHER DESTABILIZE THE ATMOSPHERE.  A JET STREAK PUNCHING
NORTHEASTWARD THROUGH NEW MEXICO...ALONG WITH THE APPROACHING UPPER
LEVEL ENERGY...WILL AID LIFT IN THE VICINITY OF THE DRYLINE.  THE
MOST SUSCEPTIBLE AREA FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON WILL BE
OVER SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO AND THE TRANS PECOS WHERE THE DRYLINE AND
STATIONARY FRONT ARE IN CLOSE PROXIMITY.  STORMS WILL MOVE TO THE
NORTH-NORTHEAST INTO PERMIAN BASIN LATER TODAY.

AS WINDS IN THE MID LEVELS OF THE ATMOSPHERE WILL REMAIN WEAK...
LARGE HAIL...STRONG WINDS...AND FLASH FLOODING WILL CONTINUE TO BE
THE MAIN SEVERE WEATHER THREATS.  HOWEVER...WITH SOME TURNING OF
THE WINDS...SUPERCELL DEVELOPMENT CAPABLE OF PRODUCING WEAK
TORNADOES WILL BE POSSIBLE...ESPECIALLY DURING AND AFTER MAXIMUM
DAYTIME HEATING.

SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL LIKELY BE REQUIRED.

FOR THE WEST CENTRAL TEXAS OUTLOOK SEE PRODUCT LBBSPSSJT.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Midland/Odessa, TX issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 29, 7:35 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFCulberson40 min
Apr 29, 7:52 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFCulberson, Reeves38 min
Apr 29, 8:30 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFLoving, Reeves45 min
Apr 29, 8:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFCulberson62 min
Apr 29, 9:15 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFReeves45 min
Apr 29, 9:42 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFCulberson48 min
Apr 29, 9:44 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningMAFLoving, Reeves, Ward3 hr
Apr 29, 11:19 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving, Reeves26 min
Apr 30, 12:14 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving, Reeves46 min
Apr 30, 12:24 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningMAFReeves3 hr
Apr 30, 1:02 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving18 min
Apr 30, 1:13 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFBrewster62 min
Apr 30, 1:18 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFPecos42 min
Apr 30, 2:08 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFBrewster37 min
Apr 30, 2:49 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving26 min
Apr 30, 2:58 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFTerrell47 min
Apr 30, 3:29 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFAndrews, Gaines31 min
Apr 30, 4:11 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningMAFLoving3 hr
Apr 30, 4:32 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFGaines43 min
Apr 30, 4:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving45 min
Apr 30, 5:12 PM CDTTornado WarningMAFGaines33 min
Apr 30, 5:47 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFGaines58 min
Apr 30, 6:21 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFLoving44 min
Apr 30, 6:40 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMAFGaines50 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Texas, 1999Every tornado warning in 1999Tornadoes in 1999

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.