February 9, 1780 Eruption of Aira

Date

February 9, 1780

Volcano

Aira, stratovolcano

Country

Japan

Volcanic Explosivity Index

4, large (eruption column 10 to 25 km)

Killed by

Floods (and glacial outburst floods)

Location

31.577° N, 130.659° E

Deaths

Many (about 101 to 1,000)

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

• September 4, 2013
• August 9, 1974VEI 3 · 5 deaths
• June 17, 1974VEI 3 · 3 deaths
• October 13, 1955VEI 3 · Deaths: few
• January 1946VEI 2 · 1 death
• January 12, 1914VEI 4 · 63 deaths · $19 million · 2,268 houses destroyed · tsunami
• 1797VEI 2 · tsunami
• April 11, 1781VEI 4 · 38 deaths · tsunami
• October 31, 1780tsunami
• September 9, 1780VEI 4 · tsunami
• November 8, 1779VEI 4 · 153 deaths
• November 3, 1471VEI 5 · Deaths: many
• July 20, 766VEI 3 · Deaths: many · tsunami
• 764VEI 4 · 80 deaths

Every eruption in 1780The 1700sAiraEarthquakes near AiraThis day in weather history

Volcanoes and significant eruptions from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. Volcano numbers are the Smithsonian Institution’s Global Volcanism Program’s. NCEI event 4469.