Tornadoes · United States · Wisconsin · 2024

EF1 tornado, Augusta to Wilson, Wisconsin, May 21, 2024

From Augusta to Wilson, this EF1 tornado ran 9.5 miles across Eau Claire County on May 21, 2024, touching down at 6:56 PM CDT and reaching 440 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
May 21, 2024
Touchdown
6:56 PM CDT (23:56 UTC)
Lifted
7:07 PM CDT (00:07 UTC)
On the ground
11 minutes
Path length
9.5 miles (15.2 km)
Path width
440 yards (402 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Eau Claire County
Touchdown point
44.681, -91.122
Lift-off point
44.800, -91.028
Record number
2405211756-01

The damage survey

4 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS ARX and NWS MPX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 95 mph.

  • trees down to the nw and nne. Core of tornado appears to have been slightly to the west.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A low pressure center in southeast Nebraska during the morning of May 21 reached western Wisconsin during the late evening. A warm front extended to the east-northeast from the low. Severe storms developed, producing one tornado east of the city of Eau Claire as well as some wind damage in other areas.

Hundreds of trees, possibly several thousand, were uprooted or broken by the tornado. Some landed on houses, sheds and vehicles, especially along the southeast edge of Lake Eau Claire, where many homes were located. A farm was hit near the end of the tornado. The ending point was determined via Sheriff's Office drone video.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 23:42 UTC and running to 00:36 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:35 UTC00:23 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMPX
23:42 UTC00:36 UTCTornado WatchMPX
00:03 UTC00:30 UTCTornado WarningMPX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 19:57 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), 12:00Z

11.9 hours before the tornado, 200 km from the path. May 21, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2024-05-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 67 joules per kilogram, CIN -85, lifted condensation level 840 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2024-05-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 38 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 17 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
67 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-85 J/kg
Surface CAPE
102 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
840 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
38 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
30 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), 00:00Z

0.1 hours after it, 200 km from the path. May 22, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Minneapolis, MN at 00:00Z on 2024-05-22Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 37 joules per kilogram, CIN -259, lifted condensation level 999 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Minneapolis, MN at 00:00Z on 2024-05-22The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 38 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 38 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
37 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-259 J/kg
Surface CAPE
534 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
999 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
16 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
38 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
116 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.2
0-3 km lapse rate
5.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Eau Claire (EAU), 35 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
21:56 UTC656160° 12 kt995.6-TSRA
22:00 UTC60° 11 kt995.3-RA
22:05 UTC70° 14 kt994.6
22:10 UTC70° 11 kt994.6
22:15 UTC656190° 14 kt994.2VCTS
22:15 UTC 994.2
22:20 UTC80° 13 kt993.9
22:25 UTC666190° 12 kt993.9
22:25 UTC 993.9
22:30 UTC 993.9
22:35 UTC 993.6-RA
22:40 UTC 993.2-RA
22:45 UTC 993.2-RA
22:50 UTC 21993.2-RA
22:55 UTC 18993.2-RA
22:56 UTC6661110° 14 kt24993.2TSRA
23:00 UTC 22993.2RA
23:05 UTC 992.6-RA BR
23:10 UTC 22992.9RA BR
23:15 UTC 992.6-RA BR
23:17 UTC6662170° 13 kt25993.9-TSRA BR
23:20 UTC6662270° 17 kt28993.6TSRA BR
23:20 UTC270° 17 kt993.6RA BR
23:25 UTC6562230° 7 kt28993.6TSRA BR
23:25 UTC230° 7 kt993.6RA BR
23:29 UTC6562110° 7 kt22992.9VCTS +RA BR
23:30 UTC150° 10 kt16992.6+RA BR
23:35 UTC170° 11 kt18992.2RA BR
23:36 UTC6763190° 10 kt18992.2VCTS -RA BR
23:40 UTC -RA
23:42 UTC6964160° 14 kt20992.2-RA
23:45 UTC
23:49 UTC6763240° 28 kt43995.3+RA BR
23:50 UTC 32995.3+RA BR
23:54 UTC62.659210° 20 kt42.96994.9+RA VCTS FG
23:55 UTC 18 kt23994.9RA FG
23:56 UTC6359220° 17 kt43994.6VCTS RA FG
23:59 UTC6359220° 22 kt34994.6VCTS RA BR
00:00 UTC 26994.6RA BR
00:01 UTC6259220° 20 kt34994.6VCTS -RA BR
00:05 UTC 994.9-RA BR
00:10 UTC 994.9-RA
00:15 UTC 22995.3-RA
00:16 UTC6259220° 17 kt29995.3-RA
00:20 UTC 995.6-RA
00:25 UTC 23995.9-RA
00:30 UTC 995.9-RA
00:35 UTC230° 11 kt995.6-RA
00:40 UTC230° 10 kt995.3RA
00:45 UTC 17995.3RA BR
00:50 UTC 18995.3RA BR
00:55 UTC210° 9 kt994.9RA BR
00:56 UTC6159210° 9 kt18994.9RA BR
01:00 UTC200° 9 kt994.6RA BR
01:05 UTC190° 8 kt994.2RA BR
01:10 UTC170° 7 kt993.9RA BR
01:15 UTC180° 8 kt993.6RA
01:20 UTC170° 7 kt993.2-RA
01:25 UTC160° 5 kt993.2-RA
01:30 UTC120° 8 kt992.6-RA
01:35 UTC90° 8 kt991.9-RA
01:40 UTC80° 8 kt-RA
01:45 UTC80° 8 kt991.5-RA
01:55 UTC120° 5 kt992.6-RA

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The La Crosse radar (KARX), 102 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:53 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
23:34 UTCTORNADO5 E ArcadiaTrempealeau, WIBrief EF1 tornado that damaged a couple structures and trees along Burlington Rd with estimated peak winds of 95 mph.
23:35 UTCTSTM WND DMG14 Sw Eau ClairePepin, WI2 to 3 inch branches down along 150ft line of trees.
23:35 UTCTSTM WND DMG14 Sw Eau ClairePepin, WI2 to 3 inch branches down along 150ft line of trees.
23:40 UTCTSTM WND DMGStrumTrempealeau, WITree toppled on house.
23:42 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 W Alma CenterJackson, WIBarn destroyed.
23:45 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Wnw Chippewa FallsChippewa, WIAmateur radio reporting downed tree branches measuring 7 inches in diameter. Time estimated via radar.
23:45 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Wnw Chippewa FallsChippewa, WIAmateur radio reporting downed tree branches measuring 7 inches in diameter. Time estimated via radar.
23:47 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Wsw Fall CreekEau Claire, WIRoof blown off a barn. Time estimated based on radar.
23:54 UTCTORNADO4 E NorthfieldJackson, WIEF1 tornado in rural northwest Jackson County that produced intermittent tree damage along its path. Estimated peak winds of 90 mph.
23:56 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 S Alma CenterJackson, WIBranches and tree damage. Time estimated.
23:56 UTCTSTM WND DMGAugustaEau Claire, WIEmergency Management reported powerlines and trees down in Augusta. Time estimated via radar.
23:56 UTCTSTM WND DMGAugustaEau Claire, WIEmergency Management reported powerlines and trees down in Augusta. Time estimated via radar.
23:56 UTCTSTM WND GST 494 Nne Eau ClaireChippewa, WIASOS station KEAU Eau Claire AP.
23:56 UTCTSTM WND GST 494 Nne Eau ClaireChippewa, WIASOS station KEAU Eau Claire AP.
23:56 UTCTORNADOAugustaEau Claire, WIPRELIMINARY INFORMATION: Storm survey results identified an EF1 tornado that touched down near Augusta, and moved north. The path length was about 10 miles, maximum width about 1/4 mile, and peak speeds near 90 mph. Time
23:56 UTCTORNADOAugustaEau Claire, WIPRELIMINARY INFORMATION: Storm survey results identified an EF1 tornado that touched down near Augusta, and moved north. The path length was about 10 miles, maximum width about 1/4 mile, and peak speeds near 90 mph. Time
23:58 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Ne Chippewa FallsChippewa, WILarge tree blown down. Time estimated based on radar.
00:07 UTCTORNADO4 Ene HumbirdClark, WIEF1 tornado that leveled trees and powerlines along a 16 mile path through Clark County, with more intermittent damage along its last 6 miles. Estimated peak winds of 105 mph.
00:08 UTCTSTM WND DMG6 Sse CornellChippewa, WIBranches and trees down 6 miles SSE of Cornell. Time estimated via radar.
00:08 UTCTSTM WND DMG6 Sse CornellChippewa, WIBranches and trees down 6 miles SSE of Cornell. Time estimated via radar.
00:08 UTCTSTM WND DMG9 S BoydEau Claire, WIEM reported that in the Town of Wilson there are multiple trees down in laying various directions. Time estimated by radar.
00:08 UTCTSTM WND DMG9 S BoydEau Claire, WIEM reported that in the Town of Wilson there are multiple trees down in laying various directions. Time estimated by radar.
00:10 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Wnw SidneyClark, WIPower poles and lines down along Highway 10.
00:10 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Se BoydChippewa, WI15-20 inch tree down, several 3-4 inch branches down. Time estimated via radar.
00:10 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Se BoydChippewa, WI15-20 inch tree down, several 3-4 inch branches down. Time estimated via radar.
00:16 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Sse StanleyChippewa, WIMultiple trees uprooted & large limbs snapped. Time estimated from radar.
00:16 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Sse StanleyChippewa, WIMultiple trees uprooted & large limbs snapped. Time estimated from radar.
00:25 UTCTSTM WND GST 56GreenwoodClark, WIWisconet reading at 3 meter height.
00:25 UTCTORNADO2 Wnw LoyalClark, WIEF0 tornado that damaged mainly trees along an intermittent 10 mile damage path through Clark County along with several outbuildings. Estimated peak winds of 85 mph.
00:27 UTCTORNADO4 Se LongwoodClark, WIEF1 tornado that traveled about 4 miles through northern Clark County producing intermittent damage. Multiple farmsteads were hit with damage mainly to trees and outbuildings. Estimated peak winds of 95 mph.
00:29 UTCTSTM WND DMGLublinTaylor, WIReport of barn blown down. Time estimated.
00:30 UTCTORNADO4 Ne LoyalClark, WIBrief EF0 tornado that occurred just to the southeast of a longer-tracked tornado. Damage occurred to a farmstead, trees, and to a garage attached to a manufactured home. Estimated peak winds of 80 mph.
00:32 UTCTSTM WND GST 606 N ChiliClark, WITrained spotter estimates 60 mph wind gust.
00:34 UTCTORNADO4 E RiplingerClark, WIEF1 tornado that touched down southwest of Unity and traveled a little over 4 miles northeast into Marathon County. Besides damage to trees and power lines, several homes and garages had extensive damage, especially to r
00:36 UTCTORNADOUnityMarathon, WINWS survey team conducted damage survey on 5/22/24 and confirmed an EF1 tornado that impacted Unity, Wisconsin along the Clark and Marathon county line. Wind speeds were estimated at 105 mph. Time estimated from radar wh
00:39 UTCTSTM WND GST 534 Wsw ColbyClark, WI
00:45 UTCTORNADOUnityMarathon, WILaw Enforcement has received a public report of a tornado on the ground near Unity, WI.
00:45 UTCTORNADOUnityMarathon, WILaw Enforcement has received public tornado on the ground near Unity, WI.
00:47 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Sw ThorpClark, WIReport from mPING: 3-inch tree limbs broken; Power poles broken.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in WisconsinEvery tornado in Wisconsin since 1950Warnings in force in Wisconsin nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 21, 2024

42 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 214:54 AM CDTEF0Polk, NE4.175$1.0 million
May 215:14 AM CDTEF0Colfax, NE0.550
May 215:23 AM CDTEF0Butler, NE0.650
May 215:27 AM CDTEF0Butler, NE2.650
May 215:45 AM CDTEF0Saunders, NE0.450
May 217:10 AM CDTEF0Montgomery, IA0.740
May 217:32 AM CDTEF1Page, IA3.380
May 2112:52 PM CDTEF0Saunders, NE0.250
May 212:30 PM CDTEF1Buena Vista, IA1.675
May 212:35 PM CDTEF1Montgomery, IA2.970
May 212:43 PM CDTEF3Page, IA33.91,300$1.0 million
May 212:57 PM CDTEF1Page, IA1.785
May 212:59 PM CDTEF4Greenfield tornado, IA40.61,600535$32 million
May 213:09 PM CDTEF0Audubon, IA7.2100$10,000
May 213:18 PM CDTEF1Adams, IA12.7200$101,000
May 213:39 PM CDTEF2Adair, IA14.6200$750,000
May 213:48 PM CDTEF0Martin, MN2.375
May 213:50 PM CDTEF0Union, IA4.075$20,000
May 214:25 PM CDTEF0Warren, IA1.040$30,000
May 214:28 PM CDTEF0Warren, IA2.075$10,000
May 214:30 PM CDTEF2Polk, IA40.81,0004$8.4 million
May 215:25 PM CDTEF0Henry, MO0.350
May 215:27 PM CDTEF1Rogers, OK5.3500$100,000
May 215:39 PM CDTEF1Rogers, OK1.0100$10,000
May 215:41 PM CDTEF0Goodhue, MN0.725
May 216:01 PM CDTEF1Winona, MN to WI19.7110$320,000
May 216:14 PM CDTEF1Buffalo, WI3.9100$80,000
May 216:17 PM CDTEF1Buffalo, WI2.745$126,000
May 216:34 PM CDTEF1Trempealeau, WI0.8150$79,000
May 216:59 PM CDTEF1Jackson, WI3.175
May 217:08 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI7.0300$140,000
May 217:20 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI9.1120$88,000
May 217:27 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI4.0150$270,000
May 217:29 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI2.275$70,000
May 217:33 PM CDTEF0Clark, WI1.475$33,000
May 217:34 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI4.0110$345,000
May 217:47 PM CDTEF1Marathon, WI2.160
May 217:49 PM CDTEF1Dane, WI4.675$1.1 million
May 217:51 PM CDTEF1Marathon, WI2.180
May 217:59 PM CDTEF1Marquette, WI5.360$60,000
May 218:58 PM CDTEF1Outagamie, WI2.780
May 2110:32 PM CDTEF1Door, WI2.350

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.