Tornadoes · United States · Missouri · 2024

EF0 tornado, Calhoun, Missouri, May 21, 2024

This EF0 tornado ran 0.3 miles across Henry County on May 21, 2024, touching down at 5:25 PM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
May 21, 2024
Touchdown
5:25 PM CDT (22:25 UTC)
Lifted
5:26 PM CDT (22:26 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.3 miles (0.6 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Henry County
Touchdown point
38.465, -93.594
Lift-off point
38.467, -93.588
Record number
2405211625-01

The damage survey

3 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS EAX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 85 mph.

  • Nailed sill plate to concrete slab for back half of structure. Fire Chief next door measured 91mph on his anamometor, which was to the north and northwest of his property, about 150 yards from track. Based on construction and debris spread, hard to go EF-1 damage, believe winds were 85 mph.
  • Fire Chief lost two apple tree branches on the northwest side of the EF-0 Track.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

On the afternoon of May 21st, strong to severe storms developed over far eastern Kansas, and moved into western Missouri. These storms produced some hail, damaging wind gusts, and one tornado in Henry County.

At 5:26 PM CDT a brief EF-0 Tornado occurred east of Calhoun, MO just north of MO Hwy OO. The tornado lifted the roof off of a metal outbuilding, tossing the metal sides and roof to the north and northwest as well as some of the lighter contents of the structure. The tornado continued to track northeast for 0.35 miles, resulting in minor tree debris.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

0 minutes of warning. NWS EAX issued a tornado warning for this county at 22:25 UTC, 0 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 22:38 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 19:43 UTC and running to 23:43 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
19:43 UTC23:43 UTCTornado WatchEAX
21:39 UTC22:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAX
22:10 UTC22:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAX
22:25 UTC22:38 UTCTornado WarningEAX
22:42 UTC23:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:57 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Springfield, MO (KSGF), 12:00Z

10.4 hours before the tornado, 175 km from the path. May 21, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Springfield, MO at 12:00Z on 2024-05-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 594 joules per kilogram, CIN -286, lifted condensation level 999 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Springfield, MO at 12:00Z on 2024-05-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 27 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 39 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
594 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-286 J/kg
Surface CAPE
166 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
999 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
39 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
7 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
27 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
82 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Springfield, MO (KSGF), 00:00Z

1.6 hours after it, 175 km from the path. May 22, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Springfield, MO at 00:00Z on 2024-05-22Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1607 joules per kilogram, CIN -43, lifted condensation level 912 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Springfield, MO at 00:00Z on 2024-05-22The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 341 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 57 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1607 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-43 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2548 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
912 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
57 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
34 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
341 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
268 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
3.4
Supercell composite
16.1
0-3 km lapse rate
6.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Pleasant Hill radar (KEAX), 70 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 22:27 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:09 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Nne ClintonHenry, MOTrees snapped and tree limbs broken in area Gaines Drive and N 2nd St. Building post sign blown over and fence damaged by outflow winds.
22:10 UTCTSTM WND DMGClintonHenry, MOReport of large tree limbs and powerlines down. Time estimated from radar.
22:17 UTCHAIL 1Appleton CitySt. Clair, MODelayed report. Hail ranged from pea to quarter size. Lasted five minutes.
22:26 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ene CalhounHenry, MOBarn largely destroyed near Calhoun.
22:26 UTCTORNADO2 E CalhounHenry, MOCorrects previous tornado report from 2 E Calhoun. NWS Damage Survey confirmed a brief EF-0 Tornado occurred east of Calhoun, MO just north of MO Hwy OO. The tornado lifted the roof off of a metal outbuilding, tossing th
22:26 UTCTORNADO2 E CalhounHenry, MONWS Damage Survey confirmed a brief EF-0 Tornado occurred east of Calhoun, MO just north of MO Hwy OO. The tornado lifted the roof off of a metal outbuilding, tossing the metal sides and roof to the north and northwest a
22:52 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Wsw Lowry CitySt. Clair, MOSmall branches down Highway D and 1st St. Dime size hail. Estimated 60 mph wind gust.
23:02 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ene WarsawBenton, MOTree down on powerline. power outage in town.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in MissouriEvery tornado in Missouri since 1950Warnings in force in Missouri nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 21, 2024

42 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 214:54 AM CDTEF0Polk, NE4.175$1.0 million
May 215:14 AM CDTEF0Colfax, NE0.550
May 215:23 AM CDTEF0Butler, NE0.650
May 215:27 AM CDTEF0Butler, NE2.650
May 215:45 AM CDTEF0Saunders, NE0.450
May 217:10 AM CDTEF0Montgomery, IA0.740
May 217:32 AM CDTEF1Page, IA3.380
May 2112:52 PM CDTEF0Saunders, NE0.250
May 212:30 PM CDTEF1Buena Vista, IA1.675
May 212:35 PM CDTEF1Montgomery, IA2.970
May 212:43 PM CDTEF3Page, IA33.91,300$1.0 million
May 212:57 PM CDTEF1Page, IA1.785
May 212:59 PM CDTEF4Greenfield tornado, IA40.61,600535$32 million
May 213:09 PM CDTEF0Audubon, IA7.2100$10,000
May 213:18 PM CDTEF1Adams, IA12.7200$101,000
May 213:39 PM CDTEF2Adair, IA14.6200$750,000
May 213:48 PM CDTEF0Martin, MN2.375
May 213:50 PM CDTEF0Union, IA4.075$20,000
May 214:25 PM CDTEF0Warren, IA1.040$30,000
May 214:28 PM CDTEF0Warren, IA2.075$10,000
May 214:30 PM CDTEF2Polk, IA40.81,0004$8.4 million
May 215:27 PM CDTEF1Rogers, OK5.3500$100,000
May 215:39 PM CDTEF1Rogers, OK1.0100$10,000
May 215:41 PM CDTEF0Goodhue, MN0.725
May 216:01 PM CDTEF1Winona, MN to WI19.7110$320,000
May 216:14 PM CDTEF1Buffalo, WI3.9100$80,000
May 216:17 PM CDTEF1Buffalo, WI2.745$126,000
May 216:34 PM CDTEF1Trempealeau, WI0.8150$79,000
May 216:56 PM CDTEF1Eau Claire, WI9.5440
May 216:59 PM CDTEF1Jackson, WI3.175
May 217:08 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI7.0300$140,000
May 217:20 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI9.1120$88,000
May 217:27 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI4.0150$270,000
May 217:29 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI2.275$70,000
May 217:33 PM CDTEF0Clark, WI1.475$33,000
May 217:34 PM CDTEF1Clark, WI4.0110$345,000
May 217:47 PM CDTEF1Marathon, WI2.160
May 217:49 PM CDTEF1Dane, WI4.675$1.1 million
May 217:51 PM CDTEF1Marathon, WI2.180
May 217:59 PM CDTEF1Marquette, WI5.360$60,000
May 218:58 PM CDTEF1Outagamie, WI2.780
May 2110:32 PM CDTEF1Door, WI2.350

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.