Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2025

Unrated tornado, Water Vly, Texas, April 19, 2025

Name: Unrated tornado, Water Vly, Texas, April 19, 2025
Start: 2025-04-19T21:00:00.000Z
End: 2025-04-19T21:08:00.000Z
Location: Water Vly, Texas

This Unrated tornado ran 2.0 miles across Tom Green County on April 19, 2025, touching down at 4:00 PM CDT and reaching 200 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

EF065 to 85 mph
Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.
EF186 to 110 mph
Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.
EF2111 to 135 mph
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.
EF3136 to 165 mph
Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.
EF4166 to 200 mph
Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.
EF5over 200 mph
Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.
Unratedthis tornado
The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating: Unrated
Date: April 19, 2025
Touchdown: 4:00 PM CDT (21:00 UTC)
Lifted: 4:08 PM CDT (21:08 UTC)
On the ground: 8 minutes
Path length: 2.0 miles (3.3 km)
Path width: 200 yards (183 m)
Deaths: 0
Injuries: 0
County: Tom Green County
Touchdown point: 31.550, -101.090
Lift-off point: 31.579, -101.089
Record number: 2504191500-01

What the Weather Service recorded

The combination of a stationary front, surface dryline and an upper level low pressure system to the west resulted in many severe thunderstorms developing on the afternoon and evening along the stationary front on April 19th. Also, moderate to strong instability and strong vertical wind shear helped with the severe storm development. The severe storms produced very large hail and damaging winds and a few tornadoes mainly across portions of the Concho Valley. Also, redeveloping thunderstorms and abundant low to mid level moisture resulted in very heavy rain and localized flash flooding.

A tornado was confirmed by a trained spotter.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS San Angelo, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at Apr 19, 1:47 PM CDT, 2 hours 13 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 19, 1:47 PM CDT, 2 hours 13 minutes before

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In the hours before

Local storm report, Apr 19, 10:43 AM CDT, 5 hours 17 minutes before

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Special weather statement, Apr 19, 11:38 AM CDT, 4 hours 22 minutes before

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Special weather statement, Apr 19, 1:40 PM CDT, 2 hours 20 minutes before

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Special weather statement, Apr 19, 2:19 PM CDT, 1 hour 41 minutes before

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Special weather statement, Apr 19, 3:07 PM CDT, 53 minutes before

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The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), 12:00Z

9.0 hours before the tornado, 113 km from the path. April 19, 2025.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -96335 J/kg
Surface CAPE: 0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 3072 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 80 kt
0-1 km bulk shear: 19 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: -65 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 88 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.0
0-3 km lapse rate: 8.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), 00:00Z

3.0 hours after it, 113 km from the path. April 20, 2025.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.

Hodograph

Mixed-layer CAPE: 35 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -122 J/kg
Surface CAPE: 167 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 1328 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 84 kt
0-1 km bulk shear: 7 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 99 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 164 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: -0.0
Supercell composite: -0.1
0-3 km lapse rate: 7.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Big Lake Reagan (E41), 55 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)	Temp (°F)	Dew point (°F)	Wind	Gust (kt)	Pressure (mb)	Weather
00:00 UTC

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The San Angelo radar (KSJT), 61 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 21:01 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the track Every 2025 tornado in Texas Every tornado in Texas since 1950 Warnings in force in Texas now The forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 19, 2025

27 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Date	Time	Rating	Where	Path (mi)	Width (yd)	Deaths	Injuries	Damage
April 19	1:54 AM CDT	EF0	Saint Clair, IL	0.5	25			$10,000
April 19	4:55 PM CDT	Unrated	Tom Green, TX	0.1	25
April 19	6:11 PM CDT	EF0	Jack, TX	1.8	300			$75,000
April 19	6:24 PM CDT	EF0	Jack, TX	0.6	200			$20,000
April 19	6:31 PM CDT	EF1	Jack, TX	2.5	250			$150,000
April 19	6:38 PM CDT	EF0	Jack, TX	2.1	100
April 19	6:55 PM CDT	EF0	Montague, TX	4.8	250			$500,000
April 19	8:19 PM CDT	EF2	Love, OK	1.3	300			$300,000
April 19	8:20 PM CDT	EF1	Erath, TX	6.8	50			$1.0 million
April 19	8:44 PM CDT	Unrated	Love, OK	0.7	20
April 19	8:45 PM CDT	EF0	Montague, TX	0.3	125			$20,000
April 19	8:55 PM CDT	EF2	Hood, TX	13.6	250			$3.0 million
April 19	9:29 PM CDT	EF1	Tom Green, TX	0.2	100
April 19	9:40 PM CDT	Unrated	Murray, OK	0.5	100
April 19	10:01 PM CDT	EF0	Parker, TX	4.1	25			$12,000
April 19	10:03 PM CDT	EF1	Pontotoc, OK	4.3	100		1	$750,000
April 19	10:10 PM CDT	EF1	Pontotoc, OK	0.4	30			$50,000
April 19	10:10 PM CDT	Unrated	Johnston, OK	0.5	50
April 19	10:16 PM CDT	EF1	Parker, TX	3.5	250			$750,000
April 19	10:32 PM CDT	EF1	Hughes, OK	2.1	150	1	1	$400,000
April 19	10:34 PM CDT	EF1	Marshall, OK	10.0	500			$300,000
April 19	10:39 PM CDT	EF1	Parker, TX	4.4	110			$600,000
April 19	10:56 PM CDT	EF2	Marshall, OK	3.0	50			$200,000
April 19	11:01 PM CDT	EF1	Parker, TX	4.3	200			$100,000
April 19	11:06 PM CDT	EF1	Johnston, OK	12.0	300			$150,000
April 19	11:42 PM CDT	EF0	Atoka, OK	3.3	300
April 19	11:54 PM CDT	EF1	Coal, OK	0.5	30			$75,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.