Tornadoes · United States · Oklahoma · 2010

EF0 tornado, Hennessey, Oklahoma, May 19, 2010

This EF0 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Kingfisher County on May 19, 2010, touching down at 5:08 PM CDT and reaching 10 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
May 19, 2010
Touchdown
5:08 PM CDT (22:08 UTC)
Path length
0.1 miles (0.2 km)
Path width
10 yards (9 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Kingfisher County
Touchdown point
36.110, -97.721
Lift-off point
36.110, -97.721
Record number
1005191608-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A large storm system moved through the southern and central Plains during the morning and afternoon of the 19th. Thunderstorms, some of them severe, had developed over the Texas panhandle and moved east into northwest and north central Oklahoma during the early morning hours. Additional development, aided by the low-level jet, occurred into parts of central Oklahoma, north of a warm front that was slowly moving north to near Interstate 40. ||By mid afternoon, the well-defined front was located from parts of west-central into central Oklahoma, just north of the Oklahoma City metro area. Two thunderstorms developed near and along the front, one over Roger Mills and Dewey counties, and the other over northern Blaine county. The storms quickly became tornadic, with the first tornado of the day occurring north of Leedey in Dewey county. Another tornado, and probably the most photographed one of the day, occurred just north of Hennessey. Tornadoes, most of them brief in duration, and large hail continued across western and central Kingfisher county, and across northern Logan, southeast Garfield, and Payne counties. Another thunderstorm developed further east along the dry line later in the afternoon, and the storm eventually produced a tornado west of Prague in Lincoln county. ||Finally, two supercell thunderstorms developed further south along the dry line that moved into central Oklahoma. Although both showed significant rotation on radar, only the supercell that moved from Stephens through Murray counties produced tornadoes. Two tornadoes were reported, one just southeast of Wynnewood and another north of Sulphur.||Additional severe thunderstorms developed across southern Oklahoma, but the main impacts had shifted from tornadoes to large hail and very heavy rainfall. By the time it was all said and done, five main supercells had occurred over parts of western and central Oklahoma, producing at least nine tornadoes. Widespread significant damage did not occur due to the location/short duration of the tornadoes, and only three minor injuries were reported.

The tornado remained nearly stationary. No known damage occurred with the tornado.

Video and radar evidence showed a brief tornado occurring 10 miles east of Hennessey. No known damage occurred with the radar. The timing and location of the tornado were estimated based on radar.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Norman, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at May 19, 2:11 PM CDT, 2 hours 57 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 19, 2:11 PM CDT, 2 hours 57 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
211 PM CDT WED MAY 19 2010

.DISCUSSION...
ONLY MINOR CHANGES REQUIRED IN THE PACKAGE TODAY... AND WILL ISSUE
ZONES EARLY AS ATTENTION SHIFTS TO THE DEVELOPING SEVERE WEATHER
SITUATION THIS AFTERNOON. OUTFLOW BOUNDARY/WARM FRONT HAS SET UP
FROM NORTHWEST OKLAHOMA INTO CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA FROM
THE MORNING CONVECTION. WINDS ARE VEERING ACROSS WEST CENTRAL AND
CENTRAL OKLAHOMA INDICATING THE DRYLINE IS TRYING TO SET UP
SOMEWHERE NEAR OR JUST EAST OF A KCSM TO KFDR LINE. SATELLITE HAS
SHOWN TOWERS DEVELOPING ACROSS THE WESTERN OKLAHOMA-TEXAS
PANHANDLE STATE LINE WITH LIGHT REFLECTIVITIES DEVELOPING NEAR THE
ANTELOPE HILLS. EXPECT STORMS TO INITIATE SOON WITH DEVELOPMENT
RELATIVELY QUICKLY INTO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. BACKED WINDS AND
ENHANCED LOW LEVEL SHEAR ALONG THE OUTFLOW BOUNDARY/WARM FRONT
WILL LEAD TO A ENHANCED TORNADO RISK. STORMS WILL LINGER INTO
EASTERN SECTIONS OF THE AREA TOMORROW. A DRIER PATTERN DEVELOPS
OVER THE AREA LATE THIS WEEK AND INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK... ALTHOUGH
SOME NEW MEDIUM RANGE MODELS SUGGEST THAT SOUTHWEST UPPER FLOW MAY
MOVE CLOSER TO THE AREA LATER IN THE EXTENDED WHICH MAY GIVE SOME
STORM CHANCES. WILL MONITOR THAT POSSIBILITY AS WE GO FORWARD.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
OKLAHOMA CITY OK  61  80  59  87 /  60  30  10   0
HOBART OK         59  82  56  88 /  30  10  10   0
WICHITA FALLS TX  64  87  64  91 /  40  20  10   0
GAGE OK           54  76  49  87 /  30  10  10   0
PONCA CITY OK     57  74  54  82 /  70  30  10   0
DURANT OK         68  83  66  88 /  70  40  40   0

&&

.OUN WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
OK...FLASH FLOOD WATCH THROUGH THURSDAY MORNING FOR OKZ004>013-015-
     017>020.

TX...NONE.
&&
Hazardous weather outlook, May 19, 11:40 AM CDT, 5 hours 28 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
1140 AM CDT WED MAY 19 2010

OKZ004>048-050>052-TXZ083>090-201100-
HARPER-WOODS-ALFALFA-GRANT-KAY-ELLIS-WOODWARD-MAJOR-GARFIELD-NOBLE-
ROGER MILLS-DEWEY-CUSTER-BLAINE-KINGFISHER-LOGAN-PAYNE-BECKHAM-
WASHITA-CADDO-CANADIAN-OKLAHOMA-LINCOLN-GRADY-MCCLAIN-CLEVELAND-
POTTAWATOMIE-SEMINOLE-HUGHES-HARMON-GREER-KIOWA-JACKSON-TILLMAN-
COMANCHE-STEPHENS-GARVIN-MURRAY-PONTOTOC-COAL-COTTON-JEFFERSON-
CARTER-JOHNSTON-ATOKA-LOVE-MARSHALL-BRYAN-HARDEMAN-FOARD-WILBARGER-
WICHITA-KNOX-BAYLOR-ARCHER-CLAY-
1140 AM CDT WED MAY 19 2010

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK COVERS NORTHERN...WESTERN...
CENTRAL...AND SOUTHERN OKLAHOMA...AND WESTERN NORTH TEXAS.

.DAY ONE...THROUGH TONIGHT...

THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK...
THERE IS A HIGH RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING ACROSS CENTRAL AND PARTS OF SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA. THE HIGH
RISK INCLUDES THE OKLAHOMA CITY METRO AREA AND SURROUNDING COUNTIES.
OTHERWISE...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS
AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT ACROSS THE WESTERN-TWO THIRDS OKLAHOMA. THERE
IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN WESTERN NORTH TEXAS.

LOCATION...
THE MOST DANGEROUS STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO OCCUR EAST OF A LINE FROM
STILLWATER...TO WATONGA...TO ANADARKO...TO TISHOMINGO.

TIMING...
ALTHOUGH SEVERE STORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE THROUGH 5 AM...THE MOST
LIKELY TIME FOR TORNADOES AND VERY LARGE DAMAGING HAIL WILL BE FROM
2 PM THROUGH MIDNIGHT.

IMPACTS...
STRONG TORNADOES...
LARGE HAIL TO 4 INCH DIAMETER...
DAMAGING THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS TO 75 MPH.

RECOMMENDED ACTIONS...
RESIDENTS OF OKLAHOMA AND NORTH TEXAS SHOULD ALSO CLOSELY MONITOR
THE WEATHER SITUATION THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING... REVIEW SAFETY
PLANS AND BE PREPARED TO ACT IF SEVERE WEATHER APPROACHES.

STORM SPOTTER GROUPS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL ACROSS THE
AREA SHOULD CLOSELY MONITOR THE WEATHER THROUGHOUT THE DAY AND PLAN
FOR SEVERE WEATHER OPERATIONS FROM 2 PM UNTIL 5 AM.

DISCUSSION...
THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT WILL INCREASE SIGNIFICANTLY THIS AFTERNOON
AS THE ATMOSPHERE BECOMES INCREASINGLY UNSTABLE. A WARM FRONT...
LOCATED ALONG INTERSTATE 40 ACROSS WESTERN INTO CENTRAL OKLAHOMA AND
THEN SOUTHEAST WILL CONTINUE TO LIFT NORTH... AND LOW-LEVEL MOISTURE
AND INSTABILITY WILL INCREASE SOUTH OF THIS WARM FRONT. MEANWHILE A
DRYLINE WILL DEVELOP BY THIS AFTERNOON ACROSS WESTERN OKLAHOMA AND
WESTERN NORTH TEXAS. OUTFLOW BOUNDARIES FROM THIS MORNINGS STORMS
WILL ALSO BE LOCATED ACROSS OKLAHOMA THIS AFTERNOON. THE ATMOSPHERE
ACROSS THE AREA WILL BECOME QUITE UNSTABLE... ESPECIALLY TO THE
SOUTH OF THE WARM FRONT AND EAST OF THE DRYLINE. ELEVATED
INSTABILITY NORTH OF THE WARM FRONT WILL ALSO BE SUFFICIENT TO
SUPPORT SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS.

THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO DEVELOP MID TO LATE AFTERNOON...
PRIMARILY NEAR THE DRYLINE AND POSSIBLY ALONG THE WARM FRONT.
THUNDERSTORMS WILL QUICKLY BECOME SEVERE WITH THE POTENTIAL OF LARGE
HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS. LOW-LEVEL WIND SHEAR WILL BE SUFFICIENT FOR
THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRONG TORNADOES... ESPECIALLY NEAR THE WARM
FRONT AND ANY OUTFLOW BOUNDARIES. THUNDERSTORMS WILL BECOME MORE
NUMEROUS LATE THIS EVENING AND OVERNIGHT WITH THE PRIMARY SEVERE
WEATHER THREAT OF LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS... ALTHOUGH ISOLATED
TORNADOES WILL STILL BE POSSIBLE. STORMS TODAY WILL GENERALLY MOVE
EAST-NORTHEAST AT AROUND 30 TO 40 MPH... WITH THE STRONGEST STORMS
MOVING EAST AT 25 TO 30 MPH.

CONTINUE TO CHECK WEATHER INFORMATION THROUGHOUT THE DAY FOR THE
LATEST UPDATES. ALSO REVIEW YOUR SEVERE WEATHER SAFETY PLAN BEFORE
THE SEVERE STORMS STRIKE.

PROBABILITY TABLE...
VALID THROUGH 700 AM CDT THURSDAY MAY 20.
PROBABILITY OF THUNDERSTORMS OCCURRING IN THE
              NWS NORMAN COUNTY WARNING AREA...100 PERCENT.
PROBABILITY OF SEVERE STORMS IF STORMS OCCUR...100 PERCENT.

OTHER HAZARDOUS WEATHER...
RAINFALL FROM EARLIER TODAY HAS INCREASED THE POTENTIAL FOR FLOODING
THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT... ESPECIALLY ACROSS NORTHERN OKLAHOMA.
SEE THE FLASH FLOOD WATCH FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY...

THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK...
THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS EAST OF A LINE FROM
STILLWATER TO SHAWNEE TO SULPHUR. THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO BE
ONGOING BY SUNRISE IN THE EASTERN HALF OF OKLAHOMA. A MESOSCALE
SURFACE BOUNDARY ASSOCIATED WITH AN UPPER LEVEL TROUGH IS EXPECTED
TO DEFINE THE WESTERN EDGE OF THUNDERSTORMS. THE VERY HUMID AIRMASS
AND STRONG LOW-LEVEL JET EAST OF THIS BOUNDARY IS EXPECTED TO
SUPPORT SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. DAMAGING WIND GUSTS AND LARGE HAIL ARE
EXPECTED IMPACTS.

OTHER HAZARDOUS WEATHER...
NONE.

THE NEXT SCHEDULED HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK WILL BE AT 5 AM
THURSDAY MORNING.

26/30/16

In the hours before

Local storm report, May 19, 3:55 PM CDT, 1 hour 13 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
355 PM CDT WED MAY 19 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0350 PM     HAIL             3 S CAMARGO             35.97N 99.29W
05/19/2010  E1.75 INCH       DEWEY              OK   TRAINED SPOTTER

            REPORT FROM VORTEX2

&&

RILEY
Local storm report, May 19, 4:13 PM CDT, 55 minutes before
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Special weather statement, May 19, 4:42 PM CDT, 26 minutes before
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Local storm report, May 19, 4:44 PM CDT, 24 minutes before
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Local storm report, May 19, 4:56 PM CDT, 12 minutes before
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Local storm report, May 19, 5:07 PM CDT, 1 minute before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
507 PM CDT WED MAY 19 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0503 PM     HAIL             4 N EAGLE CITY          35.99N 98.58W
05/19/2010  E3.25 INCH       BLAINE             OK   STORM CHASER

&&

AG

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Lamont, OK (KLMN), 00:00Z

1.9 hours after it, 61 km from the path. May 20, 2010.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lamont, OK at 00:00Z on 2010-05-20Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 498 joules per kilogram, CIN -124, lifted condensation level 980 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lamont, OK at 00:00Z on 2010-05-20The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 224 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 56 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
498 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-124 J/kg
Surface CAPE
526 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
980 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
56 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
14 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
224 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
254 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.4
Supercell composite
2.8
0-3 km lapse rate
5.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Enid/Woodring Municipal (WDG), 31 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
00:00 UTC

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Vance AFB radar (KVNX), 79 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 22:07 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2010 tornado in OklahomaEvery tornado in Oklahoma since 1950Warnings in force in Oklahoma nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 19, 2010

24 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 191:22 AM CDTEF0Ellis, OK0.550
May 191:56 AM CDTEF1Hutchinson, TX0.4100$28,000
May 193:15 AM CDTEF1Ellis, OK0.530
May 193:32 AM CDTEF0Ochiltree, TX1.150
May 193:24 PM CDTEF0Dewey, OK5.940
May 194:41 PM CDTEF0Kingfisher, OK0.150
May 195:24 PM CDTEF0Logan, OK1.620
May 195:33 PM CDTEF1Kingfisher, OK14.0751
May 195:48 PM CDTEF0Gray, KS0.130
May 195:48 PM CDTEF0Gray, KS0.230
May 195:55 PM CDTEF0Finney, KS0.450
May 195:56 PM CDTEF0Gray, KS0.550
May 196:03 PM CDTEF1Payne, OK10.6200
May 196:04 PM CDTEF0Logan, OK0.110
May 196:26 PM CDTEF0Gray, KS0.330
May 196:57 PM CDTEF0Gray, KS0.230
May 197:03 PM CDTEF0Gray, KS0.450
May 197:09 PM CDTEF0Creek, OK0.150
May 197:37 PM CDTEF1Creek, OK5.0600$15,000
May 198:12 PM CDTEF1Lincoln, OK1.425
May 196:15 PM PDTEF0Grant, WA0.2100$2,000
May 198:31 PM CDTEF1Garvin, OK17.5375
May 198:46 PM CDTEF1Okfuskee, OK8.0500
May 199:05 PM CDTEF1Okfuskee, OK10.0500$15,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.