Tornadoes · United States · Montana · 2016

EF0 tornado, Homestead, Montana, May 9, 2016

This EF0 tornado ran 0.5 miles across Sheridan County on May 9, 2016, touching down at 7:25 PM MDT and reaching 30 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
May 9, 2016
Touchdown
7:25 PM MDT (01:25 UTC)
Lifted
7:28 PM MDT (01:28 UTC)
On the ground
3 minutes
Path length
0.5 miles (0.7 km)
Path width
30 yards (27 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Sheridan County
Touchdown point
48.390, -104.490
Lift-off point
48.390, -104.500
Record number
1605091925-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A large, slow-moving low pressure system from the west provided just enough instability and general convection to allow this one brief weak landspout to form in an open field in Sheridan County.

Public reported a tornado moving across Highway 16 in Sheridan County. Subsequent photos and video suggest it was a weak landspout amid convective showers in the area near a front. Landspout occurred in an open field and pulled up some dirt, lasting for about 3 minutes.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 00:44 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Glasgow Intl Airport, MT (KGGW), 00:00Z

1.4 hours before the tornado, 157 km from the path. May 10, 2016.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Glasgow Intl Airport, MT at 00:00Z on 2016-05-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 56 joules per kilogram, CIN -24, lifted condensation level 652 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Glasgow Intl Airport, MT at 00:00Z on 2016-05-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 318 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 45 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
56 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-24 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
652 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
45 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
22 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
318 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
236 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Glasgow Intl Airport, MT (KGGW), 12:00Z

10.6 hours after it, 157 km from the path. May 10, 2016.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Glasgow Intl Airport, MT at 12:00Z on 2016-05-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -62450, lifted condensation level 610 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Glasgow Intl Airport, MT at 12:00Z on 2016-05-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 359 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 30 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-62450 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
610 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
30 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
25 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
359 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
461 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Glasgow radar (KGGW), 159 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 01:27 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
01:25 UTCTORNADO26 Ne BrocktonSheridan, MTA WEAK LANDSPOUT OCCURRED WITH SOME CONVECTIVE SHOWERS IN THE REGION, IN THE AREA OF A FRONTAL BOUNDARY. IT WAS IN AN OPEN FIELD, PULLED UP SOME DIRT, BUT DISSIPATED VERY QUICKLY AND DID NOT TRAVEL MORE THAN A HUNDRED FE

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2016 tornado in MontanaEvery tornado in Montana since 1950Warnings in force in Montana nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 9, 2016

27 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 93:06 PM CDTEF0Davis, IA0.310
May 94:06 PM CDTEF4Katie–Wynnewood tornado, OK8.94001$1.0 million
May 94:25 PM CDTEF1Lancaster, NE0.550
May 94:30 PM CDTEF0Buffalo, NE0.020
May 94:34 PM CDTEF3Murray, OK16.61,500$4.0 million
May 94:53 PM CDTEF1Lancaster, NE0.250
May 95:06 PM CDTEF0Clay, NE2.735$75,000
May 95:15 PM CDTEF0McDonough, IL0.115
May 95:16 PM CDTUnratedCleveland, OK0.110
May 95:18 PM CDTEF0Louisa, IA0.110
May 95:18 PM CDTUnratedJohnston, OK1.520
May 95:18 PM CDTEF3Johnston, OK9.17001$250,000
May 95:41 PM CDTEF0Warren, IL0.125
May 95:46 PM CDTEF1Coal, OK12.9900$40,000
May 95:47 PM CDTUnratedAtoka, OK0.330
May 95:49 PM CDTEF2Cass, NE3.3100
May 95:58 PM CDTEF2Payne, OK6.3600$260,000
May 96:22 PM CDTEF3Bryan, OK13.83,1002$3.0 million
May 96:40 PM CDTEF0Clay, KS0.025
May 97:02 PM CDTEF1Choctaw, OK6.1650$250,000
May 97:18 PM CDTUnratedChoctaw, OK6.0150
May 97:25 PM CDTUnratedChoctaw, OK0.575
May 97:46 PM CDTEF0Guthrie, IA5.5130$5,000
May 98:18 PM CDTEF0Guthrie, IA1.520
May 98:59 PM CDTEF1Bowie, TX2.0390$10,000
May 99:06 PM CDTEF1Bowie, TX0.1120
May 910:34 PM CDTEF1Saline, AR2.7200$500,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.