Tornadoes · United States · Mississippi · 2012

EF1 tornado, Baxterville to Okahola, Mississippi, March 2, 2012

From Baxterville to Okahola, this EF1 tornado ran 11.9 miles across Lamar County on March 2, 2012, touching down at 6:23 PM CST and reaching 300 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $400,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
March 2, 2012
Touchdown
6:23 PM CST (00:23 UTC)
Lifted
6:42 PM CST (00:42 UTC)
On the ground
19 minutes
Path length
11.9 miles (19.2 km)
Path width
300 yards (274 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$400,000
County
Lamar County
Touchdown point
31.108, -89.522
Lift-off point
31.197, -89.349
Record number
1203021823-01

What the Weather Service recorded

March 2012 came in like a lion as a large severe weather and tornado outbreak occurred on March 2nd. This outbreak covered a large amount of real estate across the Ohio, Tennessee, and Lower Mississippi River Valleys. This event was driven by a powerful storm system which clashed with unusual instability and wind shear for this time of year. ||Across the NWS Jackson, MS service area, quite a bit of severe weather occurred during the afternoon and evening of March 2nd. Most of the severe storms occurred across areas north of I-20. Large hail was the primary main severe weather culprit as several supercell storms produced golf ball sized hail. There were also a few instances of larger hail, up to the size of baseballs. Other instances of wind damage also occurred from these storms along with two tornadoes.

This tornado initially touched down along Beach Road, where it overturned two trailers, took part of the roof off a home, destroyed a shed and caused some tree damage. From there the tornado weakened and seemed to skip along for several miles as it crossed Boggy Hollow Road and Coaltown Road. The tornado strengthened again as it crossed Purvis to Columbia Road. There the tornado caused damage to the roof and siding of a home and snapped several trees. The tornado them weakened again as it moved through the northwest sections of Purvis with only sporadic tree damage. The tornado strengthened again as it crossed Highway 11 and Sherlock Herrington Road. There numerous trees were snapped, the roof and siding of a home were damaged, a large storage shed was heavily damaged, and 3 mobile homes sustained heavy damage. The tornado then reached its peak intensity as it crossed Harold Tucker Road. A strapped down mobile home was blown off its foundation and heavily damaged, two other mobile homes were damaged, and a single family home had part of the roof blown off. Numerous trees were snapped at this location as well. This location had both the maximum winds associated with this tornado of 100 mph and the maximum width of 300 yards.||The tornado then crossed White Chapel Road causing extensive tree damage. It then moved into Forrest County and crossed over Interstate 59 knocking over several trees at a rest stop. The tornado then crossed Browns Bridge Road and Frye Road snapping numerous trees, one of which fell on a house. The tornado lifted shortly after crossing Frye Road.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

23 minutes of warning. NWS JAN issued a tornado warning for this county at 00:00 UTC, 23 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 00:45 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 22:47 UTC and running to 05:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
22:47 UTC05:00 UTCTornado WatchJAN
00:00 UTC00:45 UTCTornado WarningJAN

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:56 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Slidell Radar S, LA (KSIL), 00:00Z

0.4 hours before the tornado, 103 km from the path. March 3, 2012.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Slidell Radar S, LA at 00:00Z on 2012-03-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1699 joules per kilogram, CIN -2, lifted condensation level 606 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Slidell Radar S, LA at 00:00Z on 2012-03-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 217 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 55 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1699 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-2 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2140 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
606 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
55 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
217 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
219 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
2.4
Supercell composite
9.6
0-3 km lapse rate
6.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Slidell Radar S, LA (KSIL), 12:00Z

11.6 hours after it, 103 km from the path. March 3, 2012.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Slidell Radar S, LA at 12:00Z on 2012-03-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN 0, lifted condensation level 476 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Slidell Radar S, LA at 12:00Z on 2012-03-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 186 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 80 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
0 J/kg
Surface CAPE
10 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
476 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
80 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
186 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
259 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.9
0-3 km lapse rate
4.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Hattiesburg Municipal (HBG), 21 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
22:53 UTC7467180° 17 kt241006.8VCTS -RA
23:21 UTC73.468180° 14 kt1006.4
23:53 UTC7468190° 8 kt1007.1
00:26 UTC73.466.2190° 10 kt1007.1-TSRA
00:40 UTC71.668190° 10 kt181007.5+TSRA BR
00:49 UTC71.668 3 kt1006.8+TSRA BR
00:53 UTC7168 5 kt1006.1+TSRA BR
01:02 UTC71.666.2270° 5 kt201007.1+TSRA BR
01:11 UTC71.666.2280° 7 kt141007.1-TSRA BR
01:20 UTC71.666.2 5 kt151007.5+TSRA BR
01:27 UTC71.666.2210° 8 kt1007.5-TSRA
01:49 UTC71.666.2180° 7 kt1007.5
01:53 UTC7268190° 10 kt1007.5

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
00:12 UTCTORNADOBaxtervilleLamar, MSEMERGENCY MANAGERS REPORTING PATH OF DAMAGE FROM NEAR THE TOWN OF BAXTERVILLE TO THE NORTH SIDE OF PURVIS TO NEAR THE DIXIE COMMUNITY SOUTH OF HATTIESBURG. AT LEAST TWO HOMES AND ONE MOBILE HOME WITH DAMAGE...EXTENSIVE T
00:23 UTCTORNADO 15 Ene BaxtervilleLamar, MSTORNADO RATED EF1 WITH MAX WINDS 100 MPH AND PATH WIDTH OF 300 YDS...BEGAN AT 623 PM 5 ENE OF BAXTERVILLE AND TRACKED 12 MILES TO 6 S OF HATTIESBURG AT 645 PM...AT LEAST TWO HOMES AND ONE MOBILE HOME WITH DAMAGE...EXTENS
01:00 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Nne PurvisLamar, MSTREES DOWN ACROSS US HIGHWAY 11...WHITE CHAPEL...HAROLD TUCKER ROADS...AND INTERSTATE 59 NEAR THE FORREST/LAMAR COUNTY LINE...POSSIBLE TORNADO. ONE UNCONFIRMED INJURY DUE TO TREE ACROSS HIGHWAY 11 POSSIBLY ON A CAR. REPO

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2012 tornado in MississippiEvery tornado in Mississippi since 1950Warnings in force in Mississippi nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 2, 2012

69 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 29:10 AM CSTEF3Limestone, AL34.0250
March 210:06 AM CSTEF2Madison, AL7.3220
March 210:08 AM CSTEF1Franklin, AL to TN0.9100$10,000
March 210:11 AM CSTEF0Clinton, IL0.750
March 211:15 AM CSTEF1Marion, TN0.5100$3,000
March 212:41 PM ESTEF3Hamilton, TN41.040044$35 million
March 212:28 PM CSTEF0White, IL2.6100$15,000
March 212:37 PM CSTEF2Posey, IN6.1140$500,000
March 21:47 PM ESTEF2Monroe, TN14.34003$5.0 million
March 21:00 PM CSTEF0Vanderburgh, IN2.050
March 21:38 PM CSTEF2Union, KY6.62001
March 22:50 PM ESTEF4Henryville tornado, Indiana and Kentucky46.680011$58 million
March 22:52 PM ESTEF0Swain, NC0.140
March 21:55 PM CSTEF0Limestone, AL2.750
March 21:55 PM CSTEF0Henderson, KY3.8100$50,000
March 22:06 PM CSTEF0Webster, KY0.850
March 22:22 PM CSTEF0Daviess, KY0.350
March 23:30 PM ESTEF1Clark, IN6.660$300,000
March 22:38 PM CSTEF2Hancock, KY16.5200$190,000
March 23:41 PM ESTEF3Trimble, KY3.375$500,000
March 23:44 PM ESTEF1Carroll, KY2.4150$1.3 million
March 22:45 PM CSTEF0Lincoln, TN0.650
March 23:52 PM ESTEF3Ripley, IN8.735035$275,000
March 24:01 PM ESTEF0Trimble, KY2.7100$50,000
March 24:02 PM ESTEF0Meade, KY0.730$2,000
March 24:12 PM ESTEF1Henry, KY0.340
March 24:23 PM ESTEF4Crittenden tornado, KY9.888048$21 million
March 24:24 PM ESTEF2Owen, KY5.41503$320,000
March 23:26 PM CSTEF0Limestone, AL5.075
March 23:39 PM CSTEF1Limestone, AL to KY, OH2.6150
March 24:39 PM ESTEF3Campbell, KY to OH20.4440313$9.2 million
March 23:48 PM CSTEF1Cheatham, TN0.6100$300,000
March 25:02 PM ESTEF0Bracken, KY0.150$70,000
March 24:05 PM CSTEF1Warren, KY0.560$50,000
March 25:25 PM ESTEF1Adams, OH2.9400$200,000
March 25:30 PM ESTEF0Adams, OH0.125$30,000
March 25:33 PM ESTEF2Adams, OH11.133012$2.0 million
March 25:39 PM ESTEF3Menifee, KY to WV85.01,58010118$81 million
March 25:46 PM ESTEF0Pike, OH4.1200$35,000
March 25:46 PM ESTEF0Scioto, OH2.0100$170,000
March 25:52 PM ESTEF0Rhea, TN2.775$10,000
March 25:53 PM ESTEF0Pike, OH2.8100$25,000
March 25:01 PM CSTEF0Coffee, AL0.525
March 26:08 PM ESTEF1Bath, KY7.4250$775,000
March 25:10 PM CSTEF1Marion, TN0.2100$2,000
March 25:26 PM CSTEF2Jackson, TN3.788020$2.0 million
March 25:31 PM CSTEF1Putnam, TN1.6500$250,000
March 25:33 PM CSTEF2Overton, TN6.9400$1.0 million
March 26:50 PM ESTEF3Magoffin, KY to WV49.01,320237$37 million
March 25:53 PM CSTEF1Lowndes, AL17.6400
March 25:56 PM CSTEF0Fentress, TN6.4300
March 27:04 PM ESTEF2Laurel, KY7.2310640$5.0 million
March 26:17 PM CSTEF0Geneva, AL0.125
March 27:32 PM ESTEF1Lincoln, WV16.0300$150,000
March 26:42 PM CSTEF1Forrest, MS3.0300$15,000
March 27:44 PM ESTEF2Cherokee, NC21.5400$2.0 million
March 28:09 PM ESTEF3Haralson, GA29.02001$12 million
March 28:26 PM ESTEF2Claiborne, TN2.62504$500,000
March 28:45 PM ESTEF1Claiborne, TN2.5200$100,000
March 28:50 PM ESTEF1Lee, VA2.52001$1.6 million

All 70 of them

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.