Tornadoes · United States · Kentucky · 2011

EF1 tornado, Greenville to Cleaton, Kentucky, April 4, 2011

From Greenville to Cleaton, this EF1 tornado ran 7.1 miles across Muhlenberg County on April 4, 2011, touching down at 11:55 AM CDT and reaching 150 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $100,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
April 4, 2011
Touchdown
11:55 AM CDT (16:55 UTC)
Lifted
12:02 PM CDT (17:02 UTC)
On the ground
7 minutes
Path length
7.1 miles (11.4 km)
Path width
150 yards (137 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$100,000
County
Muhlenberg County
Touchdown point
37.185, -87.180
Lift-off point
37.250, -87.080
Record number
1104041055-01

What the Weather Service recorded

Thunderstorms gradually intensified along and ahead of a cold front from Arkansas into western Kentucky. The storms occurred in a moist and strongly sheared environment, resulting in a combination of line segments and supercells which evolved into a quasi-linear convective system. There were isolated tornadoes, along with a couple small swaths of damaging winds.

The tornado struck first at a mobile home park on U.S. Highway 62 on the south side of Greenville. One mobile home was overturned and destroyed. Three people were injured. Two of the injuries were slight. Another mobile home was blown off its foundation. A camper trailer was overturned. Several houses sustained shingle damage. Trees and limbs were blown down along the entire path. The average path width was 100 yards. Peak winds were estimated near 109 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

20 minutes of warning. NWS PAH issued a tornado warning for this county at 16:35 UTC, 20 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 17:00 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 12:25 UTC and running to 18:43 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
12:25 UTC18:43 UTCTornado WatchPAH
16:16 UTC20:15 UTCFlood AdvisoryPAH
16:35 UTC17:00 UTCTornado WarningPAH
16:47 UTC17:15 UTCTornado WarningPAH
16:50 UTC17:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAH
17:09 UTC17:26 UTCTornado WarningPAH

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 16:29 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), 12:00Z

4.9 hours before the tornado, 130 km from the path. April 4, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2011-04-04Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 68 joules per kilogram, CIN -640, lifted condensation level 855 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2011-04-04The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 370 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 38 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
68 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-640 J/kg
Surface CAPE
39 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
855 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
44 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
370 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
507 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), 00:00Z

7.1 hours after it, 130 km from the path. April 5, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 00:00Z on 2011-04-05Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -29540, lifted condensation level 550 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 00:00Z on 2011-04-05The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -208 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 88 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-29540 J/kg
Surface CAPE
13 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
550 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
88 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-208 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
358 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
2.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Owensboro/Daviess (OWB), 58 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
14:56 UTC7065200° 18 kt28998.6
15:40 UTC69.864.4210° 18 kt27999-RA
15:56 UTC7065.84210° 15 kt24998.3-RA BR
16:39 UTC69.866.2300° 20 kt1000+RA BR
16:49 UTC64.460.8300° 18 kt999.7+RA BR
16:56 UTC61.8860290° 15 kt999+TSRA
17:56 UTC57.255.4330° 18 kt999.7-RA
18:36 UTC51.848.2320° 20 kt271001.7-RA

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
15:45 UTCTSTM WND DMGHopkinsvilleChristian, KYTIME ESTIMATED. WIDESPREAD DAMAGE IN THE INDUSTRIAL PARK AREA ON THE SOUTHEAST SIDE OF COMMUNITY. NUMEROUS BUILDINGS DAMAGED OR DESTROYED. REPORT OF INDIVIDUALS TRAPPED AND INJURED.
16:30 UTCTSTM WND DMGMorgantownButler, KYSTRUCTURAL DAMAGE TO TOMS BUILDING SUPPLY. SEVERAL LARGE TREES WERE DOWNED IN TOWN.
16:30 UTCTSTM WND DMGSugar GroveButler, KYSTORE SUSTAINED SOME STRUCTURAL DAMAGE.
16:46 UTCFUNNEL CLOUD2 S NortonvilleHopkins, KY
17:00 UTCTORNADO1 W GreenvilleMuhlenberg, KY...UNCOMFIRMED...POSSIBLE TORNADO ALONG HIGHWAY 62. 1 MOBLE HOME OVERTURNED WITH 1 CHILD INJURED. 1 MOBLE HOME BLOWN OFF OF FOUNDATION. TREES AND LIMBS DOWN. MOBLE HOME PARK BEING EVACUATED DUE TO GAS LEAK.
17:04 UTCTSTM WND DMGHopkinsvilleChristian, KYTIME ESTIMATED. DAMAGE IN THE INDUSTRIAL PARK AREA ON THE SOUTHEAST SIDE OF COMMUNITY. REPORTS OF BUILDINGS DAMAGED OR DESTROYED. REPORT OF INDIVIDUALS TRAPPED AND INJURED. POSSIBLE TORNADO
17:04 UTCTORNADO3 Se HopkinsvilleChristian, KYTORNADO ON SOUTHEAST SIDE OF COMMUNITY. THE TGASK MANUFACTURING PLANT DIRECTLY HIT. SEVERAL INJURIES WITH WIDESPREAD DEBRIS FIELD. THE PLANT IS LOCATED BETWEEN HOPKINSVILLE AND PEMBROOKE.
17:13 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ne PrentissOhio, KYTREES BLOWN DOWN ALONG SR 269 IN PRENTISS. TIME ESTIMATED BASED ON RADAR.
17:26 UTCTORNADO2 Wnw Sugar GroveButler, KYAN NWS STORM SURVEY CONFIRMED THAT AN EF-1 TORNADO WITH WINDS BETWEEN 95 AND 100 MPH TOUCHED DOWN IN SOUTHEAST BUTLER COUNTY. IT TOUCHED DOWN ABOUT 1.7 MILES WEST NORTHWEST OF SUGAR GROVE NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF DIMPLE
17:34 UTCTSTM WND DMGLewisburgLogan, KYTREE DOWN
17:38 UTCTORNADO2 N Welchs CreekGrayson, KYAN NWS STORM SURVEY CONFIRMED AN EF1 TORNADO FIRST TOUCHED DOWN NEAR THE BUTLER AND GRAYSON COUNTY BORDER IN A FIELD IMMEDIATELY NORTH OF DOGCREEK ROAD. THE TORNADO TRAVELLED EAST ACROSS RT 79 AND DISSIPATED CLOSE TO THE
17:39 UTCTSTM WND DMG6 Sse MorgantownButler, KYNUMEROUS TREES DOWN COUNTYWIDE. UNSPECIFIED STRUCTURAL DAMAGE. WORST DAMAGE ALONG HIGHWAY 231 IN THE SOUTH PART OF THE COUNTY.
17:41 UTCTSTM WND DMGCaneyvilleGrayson, KYDISPATCH REPORTS MOBILE HOME ROOF BLOWN OFF... TREES UPROOTED... OUTBUILDINGS DOWN. HAM SUPPLEMENTS THIS REPORT FROM GRAYSON CO. SHERIFF DEPT. OF 3 GRAIN BINS OVERTURNED
17:41 UTCTORNADOCaneyvilleGrayson, KYAN NWS STORM SURVEY CONFIRMED AN EF1 TORNADO IN SOUTHWEST GRAYSON COUNTY WITH WINDS AROUND 100 MPH. THE TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN IN CANEYVILLE NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF NORTH MAIN STREET AND RIVER PARK DRIVE. THE TORNADO TRAV

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2011 tornado in KentuckyEvery tornado in Kentucky since 1950Warnings in force in Kentucky nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 4, 2011

42 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 48:10 AM CDTEF1Little River, AR4.8150$25,000
April 48:38 AM CDTEF1Hempstead, AR3.9100$300,000
April 48:40 AM CDTEF2Hempstead, AR1.82002$500,000
April 48:50 AM CDTEF1Miller, AR2.6150$100,000
April 49:08 AM CDTEF1Clark, AR4.0200$50,000
April 49:28 AM CDTEF1Columbia, AR0.975$75,000
April 410:12 AM CDTEF1Union, AR1.3100$150,000
April 410:18 AM CDTEF1Ballard, KY3.7200$40,000
April 410:20 AM CDTEF2Ballard, KY6.43001$700,000
April 410:30 AM CDTEF0McCracken, KY0.550$30,000
April 412:04 PM CDTEF2Christian, KY5.32007$2.0 million
April 412:26 PM CDTEF1Butler, KY3.450
April 412:38 PM CDTEF1Grayson, KY3.4125
April 412:41 PM CDTEF1Grayson, KY1.0200
April 41:19 PM CDTEF1Humphreys, TN2.975$150,000
April 41:33 PM CDTEF1Dickson, TN7.3150$110,000
April 41:52 PM CDTEF0Cheatham, TN0.850$2,000
April 42:20 PM CDTEF1Davidson, TN4.9100$500,000
April 42:42 PM CDTEF1Grant Parish, LA9.3275$250,000
April 43:46 PM EDTEF0Licking, OH0.950$60,000
April 42:55 PM CDTEF1Monroe, KY0.275
April 42:58 PM CDTEF2LaSalle Parish, LA12.6440$110,000
April 43:14 PM CDTEF1Clinton, KY0.3150
April 43:16 PM CDTEF0Clinton, KY0.260
April 43:43 PM CDTEF2Tensas Parish, LA to MS28.08801$4.0 million
April 45:03 PM EDTEF1Whitley, KY1.7880$200,000
April 44:42 PM CDTEF1Hinds, MS4.0440$20,000
April 46:21 PM EDTEF1Floyd, KY0.4100$10,000
April 46:36 PM EDTEF0McMinn, TN0.125$10,000
April 45:36 PM CDTEF1Simpson, MS7.41,320$550,000
April 45:48 PM CDTEF1Lincoln, MS17.3600$1.5 million
April 46:40 PM CDTEF1Washington Parish, LA0.275$30,000
April 46:42 PM CDTEF1Livingston Parish, LA0.550$10,000
April 46:50 PM CDTEF0Saint James Parish, LA0.950$50,000
April 47:01 PM CDTEF1Washington Parish, LA0.275$50,000
April 47:43 PM CDTEF1Pearl River, MS0.350$30,000
April 47:43 PM CDTEF1Greene, MS19.4100$500,000
April 49:33 PM EDTEF1Gilmer, GA2.6880$1.0 million
April 49:34 PM EDTEF0Gilmer, GA1.8880$500,000
April 48:45 PM CDTEF1Jackson, MS0.175$35,000
April 41:25 AM EDTEF1Surry, NC2.7250$1.0 million
April 41:30 AM EDTEF1Bibb, GA1.150$300,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.