EF1 tornado, Rutland to Etna Green, Indiana, April 2, 2025

1. EF065 to 85 mph

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF1

Date

April 2, 2025

Touchdown

7:52 PM EDT (23:52 UTC)

Lifted

8:10 PM EDT (00:10 UTC)

On the ground

18 minutes

Path length

17.8 miles (28.6 km)

Path width

175 yards (160 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

Property damage

$610,000

Counties

Marshall and Kosciusko counties

Touchdown point

41.230, -86.350

Lift-off point

41.320, -86.030

Record number

2504021752-01

74 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS IWX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EFU. The highest wind the damage implies is 108 mph.

• Cpis 3 segments and boom flipped
• Lines down. Unsure on pole damage. Road closed
• Se corner of roof. Minor damage
• Large rotten limb/trunk to ne. Likely end.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

The atmosphere was primed for severe weather during the afternoon and evening hours of April 2nd. 0-1 km SRH values of 300 to 500 m2/s2, 60 to 70 kts of shear and MLCAPE of around 1000 J/KG set the stage for numerous thunderstorms. Damage reports were not as widespread, but those that occurred tended to be in swaths related to cold pools from bowing segments or tornadoes. Eight tornadoes (three in northern Indiana, one which crossed from Indiana into Lower Michigan, one in lower Michigan and three in northwestern Ohio). A total of five injuries were reported (three in NW Ohio and two in N Indiana).

A survey of damage revealed a tornado touched down southeast of Rutland on SR-10 and tracked quickly northeast. The tornado moved over numerous empty fields but also impacted several wooded areas as well as snapped or uprooted trees on private property. The tornado entered Bourbon and reached peak intensity on the northeast side of town in the area of Crocus Ct and Rose Lane where several homes suffered extensive roof damage. Debris was thrown into the field. Many homes showed garage doors being compromised, lowering potentially higher wind speeds. The tornado continued out of town, producing sporadic tree and power pole damage until reaching north of Etna Green in Kosciusko county where the damage ended.

A survey of damage revealed a tornado touched down southeast of Rutland on SR-10 and tracked quickly northeast. The tornado moved over numerous empty fields but also impacted several wooded areas as well as snapped or uprooted trees on private property. The tornado entered Bourbon and reached peak intensity on the northeast side of town in the area of Crocus Ct and Rose Lane where several homes suffered extensive roof damage. Debris was thrown into the field. Many homes showed garage doors being compromised, lowering potentially higher wind speeds. The tornado continued out of town, producing sporadic tree and power pole damage until reaching north of Etna Green in Kosciusko county where the damage ended.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

23 minutes of warning. NWS IWX issued a tornado warning for this county at 23:29 UTC, 23 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 00:00 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 20:20 UTC and running to 01:44 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 19:57 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Plymouth (C65), 14 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The Northern Indiana radar (KIWX), 42 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:54 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2025 tornado in IndianaEvery tornado in Indiana since 1950Warnings in force in Indiana nowThe forecast where you are

87 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

All 88 of them

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.