EF1 tornado, Lapel to Summitville, Indiana, April 2, 2025

1. EF065 to 85 mph

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF1

Date

April 2, 2025

Touchdown

9:46 PM EDT (01:46 UTC)

Lifted

9:55 PM EDT (01:55 UTC)

On the ground

9 minutes

Path length

11.6 miles (18.6 km)

Path width

150 yards (137 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

Property damage

$400,000

County

Madison County

Touchdown point

40.081, -85.861

Lift-off point

40.170, -85.679

Record number

2504021946-01

51 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS IND, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF2. The highest wind the damage implies is 132 mph.

• Large tree fell on roof. Tree removed. Stump present.
• Some tree and fence damage but little to no structural damage.
• East side of roof damaged with wooden porch for pool destroyed. Fence blown westward and debris to East and northwest. Convergence is downed trees and debris.
• Most damage to north northeast here,

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

A strong low pressure system generated a line of strong to severe thunderstorms that started in Illinois and moved across central Indiana. Multiple severe storms were embedded within the line and some of these produced tornadoes. Eleven tornadoes impacted central Indiana, ten of which occurred along an overall west-southwest to east-northeast area from north of Terre Haute to north of Muncie. Four of these events, from Hendricks County to Delaware County, were secondary tornadoes that tracked parallel to longer duration tornadoes. Three tornadoes combined to impact western and northern portions of the Indianapolis Metro area, including an EF2 in Hendricks County that caused the episode's only injury. In addition to the tornadoes widespread wind damage occurred with gusts over 80+ mph reported.

This sixth tornado to impact central Indiana was the first of five tornadoes spawned within Madison County and Delaware County, and was also the first of three secondary tornadic circulations, over these two counties, to track parallel to and south of the main tornadic circulations. The tornado quickly formed along the northern end of the rear flank downdraft and moved rapidly in a north-northeasterly direction across southeastern portions of the Lapel Area. A farmhouse and several outbuilding sustained significant damage with debris strewn from west to northeast and deposited down wind for over a mile. Peak wind gusts were 125 mph.

This seventh tornado to impact central Indiana was the second of five tornadoes spawned within Madison County and Delaware County. This longer track tornado sliced across west-central and central Madison County, from a field just north of Fishersburg to near the community of Prosperity, about four miles north of Anderson. The circulation tracked to the northeast until after crossing the White River when it tracked in a north-northeasterly direction. At a farm north-northeast of Fishersburg several barns and a grain silo sustained damage, with an L-shaped poll barn destroyed. Wind from the circulation blew in a south-facing garage door, then lifted the roof which collapsed walls. Sporadic damage occurred along the remaining 10.5 miles of the vortex's path. Peak wind gusts were 110 mph.

This eighth tornado to impact central Indiana was the third of five tornadoes spawned within Madison County and Delaware County, and the second of three secondary tornadoes to track within these two counties, tracking over east-central Madison County and west-central Delaware County, to the south of the main tornado. This weaker circulation's damage was confined to mostly topped trees and superficial building damage, with overall sporadic damage indicating the circulation skipped along its track. Buildings ascertained mainly roofing or siding damage with less than 20 percent damage to structures. The tornado's damaged was masked to some degree by surrounding large area of strong and outflow winds. The tornado's peak wind gusts were 85 mph.

This ninth tornado to impact central Indiana was the fourth of five tornadoes spawned within Madison County and Delaware County. This longer tornado tracked from far east-central Madison County to north-central Delaware County. The circulation's track exhibited an overall curled path from northeasterly to east-northeasterly, which then turned back north-northeastward over the final segment. Spawned near the Moonville community, the tornado caused significant damage to a two-story house and completely destroyed three old and weakly-anchored outbuildings, additionally a large old barn was shifted off its foundation and the northern half of roof was thrown well to the north-northeast. This tornado continued northeast with sporadic damage to numerous structures all the way up to just west of Eaton. Greatest damage occurred at a farm with a large grain operation on North Walnut Street near County Road 800 North, where more than two million dollars of damage was inflicted on various and numerous structures. The tornado's peak wind gusts were 125 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

8 minutes of warning. NWS IND issued a tornado warning for this county at 01:38 UTC, 8 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 01:56 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 01:16 UTC and running to 04:17 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk, with a 0.15 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 00:55 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

The Indianapolis radar (KIND), 64 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 01:45 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2025 tornado in IndianaEvery tornado in Indiana since 1950Warnings in force in Indiana nowThe forecast where you are

87 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

All 88 of them

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.