Tornadoes · United States · Arkansas · 2019

EF0 tornado, Swifton, Arkansas, May 2, 2019

This EF0 tornado ran 0.2 miles across Jackson County on May 2, 2019, touching down at 2:40 PM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
May 2, 2019
Touchdown
2:40 PM CDT (19:40 UTC)
Lifted
2:41 PM CDT (19:41 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.2 miles (0.3 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Jackson County
Touchdown point
35.801, -91.081
Lift-off point
35.803, -91.080
Record number
1905021340-01

What the Weather Service recorded

Areas of heavy rainfall were observed as a complex of showers and a few thunderstorms moved across central sections of Arkansas. Several inches of rain fell rather quickly, causing flash flooding. As this area of thunderstorms moved into the Little Rock Metro area, these thunderstorms strengthened, causing several weak tornadoes to touch down across central portions of the state. In addition to damage caused by tornadoes, some downburst winds were also observed.

This tornado was observed by Law Enforcement in rural areas of Jackson County southeast of Swifton, just north of Arkansas Hwy 226. Damage was minimal due to staying mainly in open fields.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

4 minutes of warning. NWS LZK issued a tornado warning for this county at 19:36 UTC, 4 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 20:15 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 19:15 UTC and running to 22:39 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
19:15 UTC22:39 UTCTornado WatchLZK
19:36 UTC20:15 UTCTornado WarningLZK
19:43 UTC22:45 UTCFlash Flood WarningLZK
20:32 UTC21:15 UTCTornado WarningLZK
20:40 UTC23:45 UTCFlash Flood WarningLZK
21:06 UTC21:30 UTCTornado WarningLZK

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 16:19 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Little Rock, AR (KBYH), 12:00Z

7.7 hours before the tornado, 149 km from the path. May 2, 2019.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Little Rock, AR at 12:00Z on 2019-05-02Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 18 joules per kilogram, CIN -199, lifted condensation level 888 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Little Rock, AR at 12:00Z on 2019-05-02The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 24 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 40 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
18 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-199 J/kg
Surface CAPE
17 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
888 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
30 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
24 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
10 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Little Rock, AR (KBYH), 00:00Z

4.3 hours after it, 149 km from the path. May 3, 2019.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Little Rock, AR at 00:00Z on 2019-05-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -57186, lifted condensation level 914 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Little Rock, AR at 00:00Z on 2019-05-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 10 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 21 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-57186 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1377 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
914 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
24 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
10 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
14 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Newport (M19), 20 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
17:40 UTC40° 10 kt1016.9
17:45 UTC 11 kt1016.9
17:50 UTC30° 9 kt1016.9
17:55 UTC20° 8 kt1016.9
17:56 UTC716920° 8 kt1016.9
18:00 UTC 8 kt1016.9
18:05 UTC20° 8 kt1016.9-RA
18:10 UTC20° 5 kt1016.9-RA
18:15 UTC 8 kt1016.6-RA
18:20 UTC20° 8 kt1016.3-RA
18:25 UTC 9 kt1016.3-RA
18:30 UTC30° 9 kt1016.3-RA
18:35 UTC40° 9 kt1016.3-RA
18:40 UTC 10 kt1016.3-RA
18:43 UTC69.866.230° 9 kt1016.3
18:45 UTC20° 8 kt1016.3
18:50 UTC30° 10 kt1015.9
18:55 UTC30° 10 kt1015.9
18:56 UTC696730° 10 kt1015.9VCTS
19:00 UTC 10 kt1015.9
19:05 UTC 17 kt1016.3
19:10 UTC 15 kt1015.9RA
19:15 UTC 14 kt1015.6RA BR
19:20 UTC66.264.4360° 14 kt1015.6TSRA BR
19:25 UTC350° 14 kt1015.2-RA
19:28 UTC66.266.210° 13 kt1015.2VCTS -RA
19:30 UTC360° 11 kt1015.2-RA
19:35 UTC66.264.4360° 12 kt1015.2VCTS
19:40 UTC20° 11 kt1014.9
19:45 UTC 17 kt1014.6
19:50 UTC360° 15 kt1014.2-RA
19:51 UTC66.264.4360° 16 kt221014.2-RA
19:55 UTC10° 16 kt1014.2-RA
19:56 UTC676520° 17 kt1014.2-RA
20:00 UTC 17 kt1014.2+RA
20:05 UTC 18 kt1014.6RA BR
20:10 UTC 17 kt1014.6RA
20:15 UTC 19 kt1014.2-RA
20:20 UTC 17 kt1013.9-RA
20:25 UTC 16 kt1013.9RA
20:30 UTC 17 kt1013.9RA
20:35 UTC 16 kt1013.9RA
20:39 UTC66.264.420° 17 kt231014.2TSRA
20:40 UTC20° 15 kt1014.2RA
20:45 UTC 16 kt1014.2+RA BR
20:50 UTC20° 15 kt201014.2+RA BR
20:51 UTC66.264.420° 16 kt1014.2+TSRA BR
20:55 UTC30° 15 kt201014.2+RA BR
20:56 UTC666520° 17 kt1014.2+TSRA BR
21:00 UTC10° 15 kt1013.9+RA BR
21:05 UTC 16 kt1013.2RA BR
21:15 UTC64.464.4350° 17 kt1013.5+RA BR
21:20 UTC 15 kt1013.9+RA BR
21:25 UTC64.464.4330° 13 kt1014.2+RA BR
21:30 UTC 13 kt1014.9+RA BR
21:35 UTC310° 11 kt1014.9+RA BR

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Memphis radar (KNQA), 120 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 19:40 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
19:45 UTCTORNADO3 Se SwiftonJackson, ARTORNADO REPORTED ON HIGHWAY 226.
21:42 UTCFLASH FLOODGrubbsJackson, ARMEDIA REPORTS FLOODING OF ROADS IN GRUBBS.
21:42 UTCFLASH FLOODGrubbsJackson, ARRECEIVED A REPORT OF FLOODING OF ROADS IN GRUBBS FROM BROADCAST MEDIA VIA NWSCHAT.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2019 tornado in ArkansasEvery tornado in Arkansas since 1950Warnings in force in Arkansas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 2, 2019

15 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 26:30 AM CDTEF1Shelby, TX0.6118$10,000
May 26:40 AM CDTEF1De Soto Parish, LA1.0240$10,000
May 27:08 AM CDTEF1De Soto Parish, LA0.2330$150,000
May 212:37 PM CDTEF1Pulaski, AR1.5200$100,000
May 21:14 PM CDTEF0Pulaski, AR5.1500$100,000
May 21:26 PM CDTEF0Pulaski, AR3.780
May 21:33 PM CDTEF0Pulaski, AR1.050$30,000
May 21:35 PM CDTEF0Faulkner, AR0.750$1,000
May 22:20 PM CDTEF0Prairie, AR4.5100
May 24:29 PM CDTEF0Greene, AR0.250$30,000
May 26:02 PM CDTEF0Mississippi, AR0.250$1,000
May 26:11 PM CDTEF0Pemiscot, MO2.8150$5,000
May 26:20 PM CDTEF0Obion, TN0.2100$5,000
May 26:43 PM CDTEF0Obion, TN0.1100$5,000
May 29:20 PM CDTUnratedVal Verde, TX0.410

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.