Tornadoes · United States · Alabama · 2019

EF0 tornado, Siddonsville to Faunsdale, Alabama, March 14, 2019

From Siddonsville to Faunsdale, this EF0 tornado ran 5.1 miles across Marengo County on March 14, 2019, touching down at 6:39 PM CDT and reaching 150 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
March 14, 2019
Touchdown
6:39 PM CDT (23:39 UTC)
Lifted
6:49 PM CDT (23:49 UTC)
On the ground
10 minutes
Path length
5.1 miles (8.1 km)
Path width
150 yards (137 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Marengo County
Touchdown point
32.396, -87.611
Lift-off point
32.424, -87.531
Record number
1903141739-01

The damage survey

7 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS BMX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 75 mph.

  • Large cedar tree fell on home. Several cedars down around the home.
  • Large cedar limbs down on CR 12.
  • shutters torn off of home, shingles missing
  • Roof material removed, siding removed. slight splattering on windows and front door?

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A widespread severe weather event occurred across central Alabama aduring the afternoon and evening hours on Thursday, March 14th. The event began in the northwest counties and spread eastward all the way to the Georgia state line. A strong low level jet of 40-50 knots, combined with moderate instability (1000-1500 J/kg) and 0-6km bulk shear of 55-50 knots, produced an atmosphere favorable for severe thunderstorms and supercells.

National Weather Service meteorologists surveyed damage in Marengo County and determined that it was consistent with an EF0 tornado, with maximum sustained winds near 75 mph.||The tornado touched down just west of the intersection of Highway 25 and County Road 59, northeast of the town of Dayton. Several trees were snapped off and a couple homes suffered minor damage. One home sustained significant roof damage. The tornado tracked northeast and caused sporadic tree damage along County Road 12 and Barry Brackin Road. The tornado lifted just north of County Road 53, just before the Perry County line. A home suffered minor damage and there was some minor tree damage near the end point.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 21:13 UTC and running to 23:41 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
21:13 UTC23:41 UTCTornado WatchBMX
23:41 UTC05:00 UTCTornado WatchBMX
00:15 UTC00:26 UTCTornado WarningBMX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:55 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), 12:00Z

11.7 hours before the tornado, 113 km from the path. March 14, 2019.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2019-03-14Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -76398, lifted condensation level 822 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2019-03-14The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 522 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 52 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-76398 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
822 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
52 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
46 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
522 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
618 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Marion (A08), 21 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
21:35 UTC7767.6190° 14 kt221012.9
21:55 UTC76.667200° 15 kt221013.2
22:15 UTC76.666.7200° 16 kt221012.9
22:35 UTC76.366.7190° 15 kt231012.5
22:55 UTC7667190° 18 kt241012.9
23:15 UTC7667190° 14 kt291012.5
23:35 UTC73.868200° 12 kt281013.5-RA
23:55 UTC73.269200° 13 kt201014.2+RA
00:15 UTC7170.3190° 14 kt1013.9+RA
00:35 UTC69.869.4180° 8 kt171014.2-RA
00:55 UTC69.368190° 9 kt171014.6+RA
01:15 UTC67.567220° 4 kt1014.2-RA

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 113 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:41 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:25 UTCHAIL 0.73 Wsw Walden QuartersGreene, AL
22:33 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ese AkronHale, AL8-10 TREES BLOWN DOWN AND BLOCKING THE ROADWAY. NO APPARENT PATH OF DAMAGE.
23:19 UTCTORNADO3 Ene Morgan SpringsPerry, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 3.8 MILES LONG AND WAS 100 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 70 MPH. DAMAGE WAS LIMITED TREES.
23:19 UTCTORNADO3 Ene Morgan SpringsPerry, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 4.48 MILES LONG AND WAS 100 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 70 MPH. NUMEROUS TREES WERE DOWNED AND SOME POWER POLES WERE DOWNED. SEVERAL OUTBUILDINGS WERE DAMAGED.
23:23 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Nne HeibergerPerry, ALSEVERAL TREES BLOWN DOWN ALONG HIGHWAY 5, POSSIBLE TORNADO.
23:37 UTCTORNADO5 Ese EllardsPerry, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 9.55 MILES LONG AND WAS 300 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 90 MPH. NUMEROUS TREES WERE SNAPPED OFF AND WERE UPROOTED AND SOME POWER POLES WERE DOWNED. SEVERAL OUT
23:39 UTCTORNADO4 Nne DaytonMarengo, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 4.84 MILES LONG AND 150 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. THIS TORNADO PRODUCED SPORADIC, MAINLY TREE DAMAGE ALONG ITS PATH.
23:39 UTCTORNADO4 Nne DaytonMarengo, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 5.06 MILES LONG AND WAS 150 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 75 MPH. THE TORNADO DAMAGE A FEW HOMES AND PRODUCED SPORADIC TREE DAMAGE.
23:46 UTCFUNNEL CLOUD4 Wnw OakmulgeePerry, ALA TORNADO WAS REPORTED ALONG HIGHWAY 219, RADAR APPEARS TO CONFIRM THIS. NO DAMAGE REPORTED YET.
23:49 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 W OakmulgeePerry, ALNUMEROUS TREES DOWN NEAR HIGHWAY 219. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
00:07 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Sse DaytonMarengo, ALTREE AND ROOF DAMAGE NEAR HIGHWAY 25.
00:27 UTCTORNADO4 Nnw Central MillsPerry, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 3.05 MILES LONG AND WAS 300 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 75 MPH. ONE HOME HAD A LARGE SECTION OF ROOF REMOVED, OTHERWISE, THE DAMAGE WAS LIMITED TO TREES.
00:27 UTCTORNADO4 Nnw Central MillsPerry, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 3.2 MILES LONG AND WAS 400 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 75 MPH. THE TORNADO DAMAGE WAS MAINLY LIMITED TO ALL TREE DAMAGE AND WAS MAINLY IN VERY RURAL AREAS.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2019 tornado in AlabamaEvery tornado in Alabama since 1950Warnings in force in Alabama nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 14, 2019

31 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 149:18 AM CDTEF2Carlisle, KY16.73001$1.5 million
March 1410:10 AM CDTEF1Union, KY9.91251$60,000
March 1411:14 AM CDTEF0Henderson, KY1.3100$4,000
March 1411:27 AM CDTEF0Graves, KY0.775$2,000
March 1412:42 PM CDTEF0Henderson, KY1.2100$8,000
March 142:06 PM EDTEF1Jackson, IN1.240$70,000
March 142:14 PM EDTEF0Washington, IN3.035$30,000
March 141:15 PM CDTEF0Webster, KY2.350$1,000
March 141:51 PM CDTEF0Lake, IN1.575
March 144:10 PM CDTEF1Cullman, AL11.1112
March 145:04 PM CDTEF0Blount, AL2.6115
March 145:05 PM CDTEF1Blount, AL17.21,175
March 145:25 PM CDTEF0Tuscaloosa, AL1.250
March 146:45 PM EDTEF2Shiawassee, MI18.2700$9.8 million
March 146:47 PM EDTEF0Shiawassee, MI6.4100$50,000
March 145:54 PM CDTEF1St. Clair, AL4.7530
March 147:09 PM EDTEF0Genesee, MI8.1125$75,000
March 146:19 PM CDTEF0Perry, AL4.5100
March 146:22 PM CDTEF0Calhoun, AL1.2200
March 147:24 PM EDTEF0Genesee, MI6.575$100,000
March 146:37 PM CDTEF1Perry, AL9.4300
March 148:06 PM EDTEF0Floyd, GA1.7150$50,000
March 148:11 PM EDTEF0Stark, OH8.750$100,000
March 148:23 PM EDTEF0Stark, OH1.6100$100,000
March 147:27 PM CDTEF0Dallas, AL2.9300
March 147:39 PM CDTEF0Chilton, AL11.9350
March 148:21 PM CDTEF0Coosa, AL0.640
March 148:44 PM CDTEF1Autauga, AL7.1250
March 148:46 PM CDTEF0Coosa, AL2.1150
March 149:32 PM CDTEF2Elmore, AL8.6650
March 1410:00 PM CDTEF0Randolph, AL4.475

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.