Tornadoes · United States · Alabama · 2019

EF0 tornado, Weogufka, Alabama, March 14, 2019

This EF0 tornado ran 2.1 miles across Coosa County on March 14, 2019, touching down at 8:46 PM CDT and reaching 150 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
March 14, 2019
Touchdown
8:46 PM CDT (01:46 UTC)
Lifted
8:51 PM CDT (01:51 UTC)
On the ground
5 minutes
Path length
2.1 miles (3.3 km)
Path width
150 yards (137 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Coosa County
Touchdown point
33.081, -86.082
Lift-off point
33.084, -86.047
Record number
1903141946-01

The damage survey

17 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS BMX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 73 mph.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A widespread severe weather event occurred across central Alabama aduring the afternoon and evening hours on Thursday, March 14th. The event began in the northwest counties and spread eastward all the way to the Georgia state line. A strong low level jet of 40-50 knots, combined with moderate instability (1000-1500 J/kg) and 0-6km bulk shear of 55-50 knots, produced an atmosphere favorable for severe thunderstorms and supercells.

National Weather Service meteorologists surveyed damage in Coosa County and determined that it was consistent with an EF0 tornado, with maximum sustained winds near 70 mph.||This brief weak tornado was from the same storm that produced the EF0 tornado in far western Coosa County. The only damage observed consisted of snapped and uprooted trees.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

25 minutes of warning. NWS BMX issued a tornado warning for this county at 01:21 UTC, 25 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 02:00 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 23:41 UTC and running to 05:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:41 UTC05:00 UTCTornado WatchBMX
00:42 UTC01:30 UTCTornado WarningBMX
01:21 UTC02:00 UTCTornado WarningBMX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 01:00 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), 12:00Z

10.2 hours after it, 68 km from the path. March 15, 2019.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2019-03-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -59295, lifted condensation level 1757 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2019-03-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 54 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 60 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-59295 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1757 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
60 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
20 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
54 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
223 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.3
0-3 km lapse rate
4.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Alexander City (ALX), 21 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
23:55 UTC74.765.3180° 4 kt1015.6
00:15 UTC74.765180° 6 kt1015.6
00:35 UTC74.365180° 5 kt1015.9VCTS
00:55 UTC74.365190° 6 kt1016.3
01:15 UTC7465.3170° 5 kt1015.9
01:35 UTC7465.3170° 8 kt1015.9
01:55 UTC73.865.5170° 6 kt1015.9
02:15 UTC73.265.8190° 10 kt151015.9-RA
02:35 UTC7266.2190° 11 kt151016.3VCTS
02:55 UTC7266.4190° 10 kt141016.9-VCTSRA
03:15 UTC68.564.6210° 10 kt161017.3VCTSRA
03:35 UTC67.365.7190° 4 kt1016.9+VCTSRA

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Maxwell AFB radar (KMXX), 66 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 01:43 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
23:50 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Ssw Lay Lake DamChilton, ALSEVERAL TREES DOWN IN EASTERN CHILTON COUNTY. VIDEO INDICATED SEVERAL POWER FLASHES IN THE SAME AREA. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
00:39 UTCTORNADO1 Nnw Gap of The MountaChilton, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 12.02 MILES LONG AND WAS 350 YARDS WIDE. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 85 MPH. HUNDREDS OF TREES WERE DOWNED ALONG THE PATH AND SEVERAL STRUCTURES SUSTAINED MINOR DAMAGE.
00:39 UTCTORNADO1 Nnw Gap of The MountaChilton, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 12.0 MILES LONG AND WAS 350 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 85 MPH. NUMEROUS TREES WERE DOWNED AND SEVERAL STRUCTURES SUSTAINED MINOR DAMAGE.
00:41 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Nne Gap of The MountaChilton, ALNUMEROUS TREES DOWN AND MANY STRUCTURES WERE DAMAGED. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
00:41 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Nne Gap of The MountaChilton, ALNUMEROUS TREES DOWN. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
00:50 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Ssw Lay Lake DamChilton, ALCORRECTS PREVIOUS TSTM WND DMG REPORT FOR TIME FROM 2 SSW LAY LAKE DAM. SEVERAL TREES DOWN IN EASTERN CHILTON COUNTY. VIDEO INDICATED SEVERAL POWER FLASHES IN THE SAME AREA. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
01:21 UTCTORNADO2 Ene WeogufkaCoosa, ALTHE SHORT DAMAGE PATH WAS 0.62 MILES LONG AND WAS 40 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 70 MPH. THE ONLY DAMAGE OBSERVED CONSISTED OF SNAPPED AND UPROOTED TREES.
01:21 UTCTORNADO2 E WeogufkaCoosa, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 0.62 MILES LONG AND WAS 40 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 70 MPH. DAMAGE WAS LIMITED TO SNAPPED AND UPROOTED TREES.
01:46 UTCTORNADO2 Ese ParkdaleCoosa, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 2.06 MILES LONG AND WAS 150 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. DAMAGE WAS LIMITED TO SNAPPED AND UPROOTED TREES, ASIDE FROM SOME MINOR PEELING OF METAL ROOF COVERING.
01:46 UTCTORNADO2 Ese ParkdaleCoosa, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 2.07 MILES LONG AND WAS 150 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 70 MPH. DAMAGE WAS LIMITED TO SNAPPED AND UPROOTED TREES AND MINOR ROOF DAMAGE.
02:32 UTCTORNADO1 Wnw HoltvilleElmore, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 8.58 MILES LONG AND WAS 650 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 120 MPH. AT LEAST 35 POWER POLES WERE DOWNED, AT LEAST 50 STRUCTURES WERE DAMAGED, 2 CONVENIENCE STORES
02:32 UTCTORNADO2 Sw TitusElmore, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 8.5 MILES LONG AND WAS 650 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 120 MPH. OVER THE ENTIRE PATH, AT LEAST 35 POWER POLES WERE SNAPPED AND DOWNED, AT LEAST 50 STRUCTURES S
02:35 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Nnw HoltvilleElmore, ALTREES AND POWERLINES DOWN NEAR LIGHTWOOD ROAD AND HOGAN ROAD. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
02:41 UTCTORNADO1 W Ten Cedar EstatesElmore, ALSEVERAL HOMES DAMAGED ON THORNTON ROAD. GAS STATION DAMAGED ON HIGHWAY 231.
02:57 UTCTORNADO1 Ssw WedoweeRandolph, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 4.33 MILES LONG AND WAS 75 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 70 MPH. A BARN/OUTBUILDING WAS DESTROYED ALONG WITH ROOFING DAMAGE DONE TO THE CORNER OF ONE OF FIVE CHI
03:00 UTCTORNADO1 Ssw WedoweeRandolph, ALTHE TORNADO DAMAGE PATH WAS 4.38 MILES LONG AND WAS 75 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST POINT. MAXIMUM ESTIMATED WINDS WERE 70 MPH. A FEW BARNS, OUTBUILDINGS, AND CHICKEN HOUSES WERE DAMAGED.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2019 tornado in AlabamaEvery tornado in Alabama since 1950Warnings in force in Alabama nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 14, 2019

31 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 149:18 AM CDTEF2Carlisle, KY16.73001$1.5 million
March 1410:10 AM CDTEF1Union, KY9.91251$60,000
March 1411:14 AM CDTEF0Henderson, KY1.3100$4,000
March 1411:27 AM CDTEF0Graves, KY0.775$2,000
March 1412:42 PM CDTEF0Henderson, KY1.2100$8,000
March 142:06 PM EDTEF1Jackson, IN1.240$70,000
March 142:14 PM EDTEF0Washington, IN3.035$30,000
March 141:15 PM CDTEF0Webster, KY2.350$1,000
March 141:51 PM CDTEF0Lake, IN1.575
March 144:10 PM CDTEF1Cullman, AL11.1112
March 145:04 PM CDTEF0Blount, AL2.6115
March 145:05 PM CDTEF1Blount, AL17.21,175
March 145:25 PM CDTEF0Tuscaloosa, AL1.250
March 146:45 PM EDTEF2Shiawassee, MI18.2700$9.8 million
March 146:47 PM EDTEF0Shiawassee, MI6.4100$50,000
March 145:54 PM CDTEF1St. Clair, AL4.7530
March 147:09 PM EDTEF0Genesee, MI8.1125$75,000
March 146:19 PM CDTEF0Perry, AL4.5100
March 146:22 PM CDTEF0Calhoun, AL1.2200
March 147:24 PM EDTEF0Genesee, MI6.575$100,000
March 146:37 PM CDTEF1Perry, AL9.4300
March 146:39 PM CDTEF0Marengo, AL5.1150
March 148:06 PM EDTEF0Floyd, GA1.7150$50,000
March 148:11 PM EDTEF0Stark, OH8.750$100,000
March 148:23 PM EDTEF0Stark, OH1.6100$100,000
March 147:27 PM CDTEF0Dallas, AL2.9300
March 147:39 PM CDTEF0Chilton, AL11.9350
March 148:21 PM CDTEF0Coosa, AL0.640
March 148:44 PM CDTEF1Autauga, AL7.1250
March 149:32 PM CDTEF2Elmore, AL8.6650
March 1410:00 PM CDTEF0Randolph, AL4.475

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.